非謂語動(dòng)詞用法

1、 非謂語動(dòng)詞to maketo be makingto have madeto be madeto have been mademakinghaving madebeing madehaving been mademade一、考查不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的基本區(qū)別一、考查不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的基本區(qū)別從時(shí)間關(guān)系上看，從時(shí)間關(guān)系上看， 不定式表不定式表未來未來，現(xiàn)在分詞表現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行進(jìn)行，過去分詞表過去分詞表完成完成注意：注意：having done動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前之前 doing 動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)同時(shí)從主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)來看，從主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)來看，不定式和

2、現(xiàn)在分詞表不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)主動(dòng)過去分詞表過去分詞表被動(dòng)被動(dòng)，注意：注意：to be done在在表被動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的同時(shí)還兼表的同時(shí)還兼表未來未來 being done表被動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的同時(shí)還兼表的同時(shí)還兼表進(jìn)行進(jìn)行I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed 動(dòng)詞不定式表示未來的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞不定式表示未來的動(dòng)作。_from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many

3、plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)锳ustralia與與separate是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且separate發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞has之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式作原因狀語。詞的完成被動(dòng)式作原因狀語。 C C二、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)式與被動(dòng)式二、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)式與被動(dòng)式結(jié)合句子意思，考察結(jié)

4、合句子意思，考察非謂語動(dòng)詞與相應(yīng)邏輯主語非謂語動(dòng)詞與相應(yīng)邏輯主語的關(guān)系，若為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用主動(dòng)式；的關(guān)系，若為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用主動(dòng)式；若為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)式。若為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)式。注意：過去分詞沒有相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)式，因?yàn)樗旧碜⒁猓哼^去分詞沒有相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)式，因?yàn)樗旧砜梢员硎颈粍?dòng)?？梢员硎颈粍?dòng)。1. The repairs cost a lot, but its money well_. A. to spendB. spentC. being spentD. spending分析：因分析：因money與與spend是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。分詞。 B2. The prize o

5、f the game show is30000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 分析：分析：all expenses與與pay是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞詞3. When _help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “Its kind of you.”A. offeringB. to offerC. to be offeredD. offered分析：分析：When offered help =When h

6、e is offered helpB D三、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞完成式的用法三、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞完成式的用法非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成式主要表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成式主要表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前前的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。1. The storm left, _a lot of damage to this area. A. causedB. to have causedC. to cause D. having caused2. _ many times, he finally understood it. A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been to

7、ld DD四、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作伴隨狀語四、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作伴隨狀語1. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _away. A. runB. runningC. to runD. ran2. He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. noting B. noted C. to noteD. having noted分析：因?yàn)榉治觯阂驗(yàn)閔e與與note是主謂關(guān)系，且是主謂關(guān)系，且note與謂語動(dòng)與謂語動(dòng)詞詞glanced的

8、動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的一的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作伴隨狀語。般式作伴隨狀語。BA五、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作目的狀語五、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作目的狀語1. “Can the project be finished as planned?” “Sure, _it completed in time, well work two more hours a day.” A. having gotB. to getC. gettingD. get3. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hou

9、rs just _a look at the sports stars. (2005上海卷上海卷)A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. haveBC六、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作結(jié)果狀語六、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作結(jié)果狀語Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching現(xiàn)在分詞表示現(xiàn)在分詞表示自然結(jié)果自然結(jié)果He hur

10、ried to the station only _ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found副詞副詞+ to do表示出人意料的結(jié)果表示出人意料的結(jié)果 BA七、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作賓語補(bǔ)足語七、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作賓語補(bǔ)足語不定式表不定式表未來未來，現(xiàn)在分詞表現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行進(jìn)行過去分詞表過去分詞表完成和被動(dòng)完成和被動(dòng)1. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to

11、go on用非謂語動(dòng)詞作用非謂語動(dòng)詞作with的賓補(bǔ)，與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的賓補(bǔ)，與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生2. You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _often enough A. explainingB. to explainC. explainD. explained ADhave sth done 八、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語問題八、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語問題While watching television, _. A. the door bell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we

12、 heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings分析：答案選分析：答案選C。因?yàn)?。因?yàn)閣atching的邏輯主語一定是的邏輯主語一定是we，排除選項(xiàng)，排除選項(xiàng)A和和B；又因在；又因在hear后作賓語補(bǔ)足語后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的是省略了的是省略了to的不定式，所以選項(xiàng)的不定式，所以選項(xiàng)D中的中的rings是錯(cuò)是錯(cuò)誤的。誤的。C2.Everything _into consideration, they ought to have another chance.1._ everything into consideration, they ou

13、ght to have another chance. A. to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD B九、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用作主語的問題 動(dòng)名詞表示普遍的習(xí)慣性的或抽象的動(dòng)作動(dòng)名詞表示普遍的習(xí)慣性的或抽象的動(dòng)作,不定式則表示某一次具體的動(dòng)作不定式則表示某一次具體的動(dòng)作. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview; _the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having _(

14、get) there by bike will take us half an hour.D To get十、考查十、考查“(be +) 過去分詞過去分詞+介詞介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)有一類有一類“be+過去分詞過去分詞+介詞介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，如結(jié)構(gòu)，如be interested in, be worried about, be lost in, be dressed in 等等1. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lostB. Lost C. B

15、eing lost D. Losing2. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed Dressed in =As he is dressed in BAExercise The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_.A not to B not to do C not do it D do not to

16、 Peter received a letter just now_ his grandma would come to see him soon. A said B says C saying D to say When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A introducing B introduced C introduce D being introduced4. _ with excitement, the children couldnt fall asleep. A To fill B To be fille