全新大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)UnitWays of LearningPPT課件

1、Warm-up ActivityTwo children are given two hula hoops, a toy they are unfamiliar with.Mary is given a hula hoop with instructions on how to use it.Jack is given a hula hoop with no instructions.What kind of outcomes do you expect?第1頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)They who know the truth are not equal to those who love it, an

2、d they who love it are not equal to those who delight in it.知之者，不如好之者，好之者，不如樂之者。-論語(yǔ)第2頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Which should be emphasized in education?Knowledge or Creativity第3頁(yè)/共82頁(yè) 1. What do you think of ways of learning? Is learning a one-way street?or a two-way instruction? (different people have different learnin

3、g styles) ( learn independently and seek out knowledge actively or spoon-feed children with knowledge)第4頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Education in the westThere is no common agreement in the West concerning the best method of education. It is this very existence of contending points of view that is characteristic of Wester

4、n education.第5頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Tracing back, Socrates encouraged his students to question anything, even their most fundamental beliefs.Greek philosopher - Socrates第6頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Currently, compared with Asian methods of learning, Western methods are more student-centered, expecting students to discover things for th

5、emselves rather than relying on their teachers to tell them.第7頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第8頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Text OrganizationPart I (Paras 1-5)The author got to know the differences between Chinese and American ideas of education by his experience in the Jinling Hotel.第9頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Text OrganizationPart II (Paras 6-7)The author discusse

6、d the two different learning styles in China and the West in detail.第10頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Text OrganizationPart III (Paras 8-10)It analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of teaching by holding hands in China.第11頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Text OrganizationPart IV (Paras 11-14)It described Creativity First, a way that American cult

7、ivated children abilities.第12頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Ways to introduce a themeStating a topic directlyUsing an anecdote or an incidentPosing a questionQuoting An imagined argument between people第13頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Comparison & Contrast Comparison brings out the similarities between two or more things of the same kind Contra

8、st concentrates on the differences between them第14頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Ways of Comparison & ContrastOne side at a timeExamining one subject thoroughly and then start the otherPoint by pointExamining two subjects at the same time, discussing them point by point第15頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)oints for Comparison & Contrast Ways

9、to learn to accomplish a taskChineseShow a child howto do sth., orteach by holding his hands第16頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Teach children thatthey should rely onthemselves for solutions to problemsPoints for Comparison & Contrast Ways to learn to accomplish a task第17頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)oints for Comparison & Contrast Attitude

10、s to creativity and skillsGive great priority to developing skills at an early age, believing creativity can be promoted over time第18頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)ut more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children, thinking skills can be picked up laterPoints for Comparison & Contrast Attitudes to creativity a

11、nd skills第19頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Ways of conclusion- Spring Festival Gala Evening, save it or not?Restatement of the main points previously mentionedA proposed solutionA quotation from some books or personsA prediction of future developmentsA suggestion for further study第20頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)bustling (L 2)adj. (a place) full o

12、f people and very busy and lively 繁忙的，熙熙攘攘的a bustling city/porthustle and bustle n. busy and noisy activity 忙亂嘈雜；喧鬧e.g. She is tired of the hustle and bustle of city life. 她對(duì)都市生活的喧鬧繁忙厭倦了。第21頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)bustlev. (+ adv./prep.) to do things in a hurried and busy way 匆忙地做成Thora bustled about the flat, gettin

13、g every thing ready. 2. n. busy activity 繁忙 I sat in a caf, watching the (hustle and) bustle of the street outside. bustling adj. 繁忙的，熙攘的This used to be a bustling (= full of busy activity) town but a lot of people have moved away over recent years.Nanjing is a bustling city.第22頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)attach sth (to

14、sth) (L 7)1） to fasten or join one thing to another 把固定，把附上 （反）detache.g. Attach the coupon to the front of your letter. 把優(yōu)惠券附在信的正面。e.g Detach the coupon and return it as soon as possible. 將優(yōu)惠券撕下后盡快寄回。第23頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)認(rèn)為有重要性（或意義、價(jià)值、分量等）；重視attach importance, significance, value, weight, etc. (to sth)中譯英：我認(rèn)為這

15、項(xiàng)研究十分重要。I attach great importance to this research. 第24頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)見附件Please check the file at the attachment I enclosed. 或者說(shuō) Please find the file at the attachment. Please find attached/enclosed photos另附照片，請(qǐng)查第25頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)tender adj. 1) LITERARY young He was sent off to boarding school at the tender age of se

16、ven. 2)gentle, caring or sympathetic 溫柔的，關(guān)心的 a tender look/smile What you need is some tender loving care. 你需要的是一些關(guān)愛。tender-hearted a. very kind and sympathetic軟心腸的My mother is tender-hearted.第26頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)to position the key just so (L 14) to position the key carefully to fit into the narrow key slotnot

17、 in the least (L 15): not at allSomeone dont in the least appreciate the Marilyn Monroe kind of beauty. 中譯英： 他一點(diǎn)也不擔(dān)心英語(yǔ)聽寫。 He is not in the least worried about the English dictation.第27頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)He probably got as much pleasure out of the sounds (the key made )as he did those few times (when the key actu

18、ally found its way into the slot).(L 15)translation:鑰匙聲響給他帶來(lái)的快樂也許并不亞于他偶爾碰巧將鑰匙塞進(jìn)槽口時(shí)的快樂。第28頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)大學(xué)時(shí)代朋友小酌給我們帶來(lái)的快樂也許并不亞于工作以后加薪帶來(lái)的快樂。 out of the drinks we had in college with friendsWe probably got as much pleasure as we did after being employed when we got a pay-raise.第29頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)find ones way (L 17): rea

19、ch a destination naturally; arrive atIts hard to find your way around when going to a new city.這些過度花錢的壞習(xí)慣已經(jīng)滲透到了大學(xué)校園。Those bad habits of over-spending money have found their way into campus.第30頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)initial (L 22): of or at the beginning, first (a., used only before n.) The initial sorrow turned into

20、 the anger when he knew the real reason of his fathers death. the initial issue of a magazine 雜志的創(chuàng)刊號(hào) the initial letter of the word我最初的反應(yīng)是婉言謝絕這個(gè)邀請(qǐng)。(p14 I. 1. 5) My initial reaction was to decline the invitation.派生詞initiate (v.) 發(fā)起initiative (n.) 主動(dòng)性，積極性 第31頁(yè)/共82頁(yè) initially adv. in the beginning Init

21、ially, yes. But not in the long run. initiative n. 首創(chuàng)精神；主動(dòng)行為；進(jìn)取心 on ones own initiative: done according to ones own plan and without help（主動(dòng)地） He did it on his own initiative. take the initiative by/in doing sth 采取主動(dòng)，主動(dòng)做某事 第32頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)assistPattern: assist sb. to do sth. assist sb. with/in sth. assist

22、sb. in dong sth. You will be required to assist Professor Smith to prepare/ in preparing/ with a report.She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.We assist him in his difficulty.我們幫助他解決困難。第33頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)await (L 25): (fml) wait for (P14. I. 1. 9)There are many challenges awaiting us, our Ameri

23、can people in the next century.“Await” is a fairly common word in formal writing, but you do not usually use it in conversation. Instead you use “wait for”await VS wait第34頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)這兩個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞，又都有“期待”、“等候”之意，但用法有所不同，它們的區(qū)別如下：（一）await是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接賓語(yǔ)，大都是抽象名詞，如：decision, reply, arrival, announcement，approval等； ；

24、wait 一般作不及物動(dòng)詞用，wait for的賓語(yǔ)一般是人或事物。 We await your reply with keen interest. 我們殷切地等著你們的回音。 I have been waiting for her for an hour at the bus stop 我在公共車站等候她已一小時(shí)了。（二）await之后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞；wait之后接動(dòng)詞不定式。例如： We shall await hearing further from them We shall wait to hear further from them 我們?cè)陟o候他們進(jìn)一步的消息。第35頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)

25、We await （or wait for）your reply We wait for（不能用await）you to reply (三）當(dāng)await的主語(yǔ)是沒有生命的事物而賓語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，await表示 be in store或lie in wait for之意。如： On arriving at the guest house，he found a telegram awaiting him Little did he realize what a surprise awaited him at home A hearty welcome will await you 請(qǐng)注意，Time an

26、d tide wait（s）for no man（歲月不待人）的wait既可以加s，亦可不加s。第36頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)insert (L24) plug in/plunge insert the plug in a socket/connection panel (plug in)第37頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)somewhat (L24) a touch of/a little/a bit 有所觸動(dòng) 面露嗔色 語(yǔ)帶諧謔 略帶困意 be somewhat moved look somewhat displeased speak somewhat jokingly feel somewhat drowsy第38頁(yè)

27、/共82頁(yè) somewhat: to some degree, a little I was somewhat relieved to find that he was there. somewhat of + N.: a kind of, rather She is somewhat of an artist.(有點(diǎn)藝術(shù)才能） The cake we made was somewhat of a failure.（不太成功）第39頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)expectantly(L25) 拭目以待wait and see, wait expectantly第40頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)on occasion（L25）

28、: now and then (P14.I. 1. 2)The heavy pressure in the city made him go to the countryside on occasion for a relaxation.I was usually the only foreign participant, although on occasion I brought other Americans in as guests.第41頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)frownVi. 皺眉，表示不悅（或不贊同）(at, on/upon) Peter frowned at the noise comin

29、g from the boys bedroom. 皮特聽到從男孩房間里傳出的吵鬧省皺起了眉頭。 Her parents frowned on her early marriage. 她的父母不贊成她早婚。n. 皺眉，不悅 I noticed a slight frown of disapproval on his face. 第42頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Translation practice 欣逢佳節(jié) on the happy occasion of the festival 際此盛會(huì) on the occasion of the grand gathering 值此舉國(guó)歡慶之際 on the occ

30、asion of the national celebrating第43頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)neglect (L 26)辨析：neglect/ overlook( ) children/ animalneglectfail to take care of sb/sth 沒有照看好e.g. We should not ( ) such a serious offence.overlookto see sth wrong or bad but decide to ignore it (對(duì)不良現(xiàn)象等）視而不見第44頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)ignore: pay no attention to sb./sth. on p

31、urpose, or as if sth. has not happenedHe completely ignored all these facts as if they never existed.neglect & ignoreneglect: give too little attention or care toThe investment turned out to be a failure and the manager was accused of neglecting his duties.第45頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)neglect neglect give too littl

32、e attention or care to 側(cè)重于表示給與很少重視 ignore pay no attention to sb. or sth. on purpose as if sth has not happened.故意不重視 David give too much attention to his business, neglecting his family. neglect ones duty / ones study/ones work I said “Hello”, bu he just ignored me and walked on. ignore traffic reg

33、ulations/my advice /their criticism第46頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)e.g. These facts throw new light on the matter.要更好的說(shuō)明此事，我們需要更可靠的證據(jù)。To throw more light on the issue, we need more reliable evidences. These facts threw new light on the matter.throw/cast/shed light onprovide an explanation for it or information which makes

34、 it easier to understand 闡明某事；使人了解某事；使某事顯得非常清楚第47頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)n. sb or sth that a comment or statement doesnt apply to 例外With the exception of John, everyone was tired. Most children like sweets, but there is some exceptions.There is an exception to this grammatical rule./This case is an exception to the r

35、ule.Students must answer all the questions; I can make no exception.(but in your case, I can make an exception.) Snow this late in the year is exceptional. （不尋常的，少有的，） Shes been exceptionally good to me.（異乎尋常地， 特別地）exception第48頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)with a few exceptions L34e.g. With a few exceptions his novels are

36、immediate successes.除了少數(shù)幾本以外，他的小說(shuō)都一炮走紅。 without exception 這部電影除了開頭和結(jié)尾其他場(chǎng)景都是以中國(guó)為背景的。All this movie is set in China with the exception of the beginning and the final scenarios.with the exception of 愛德華諾頓 娜奧米沃茨 第49頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)with the exception of without exception 所有學(xué)生都必須參加英語(yǔ)考試，無(wú)一例外。All students without exc

37、eption must take the English examination.破例 make an exceptionWe dont usually accept late applications, but since you were so sick Ill make an exception. 第50頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)desirablea. worth wanting or having or achieving 值得向往/擁有的，合乎需要的， 稱心的 This is a desirable residence for the old. It is most desirable that

38、you should both come.desirous a. having a wish for sth.; wanting People all over the world are desirous of peace. They are desirous of restoring relations between the two countries. 第51頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)ultimate a. 1)final or last; basic the ultimate objective 最終目標(biāo)the ultimate truth 最終真理an ultimate principle 基本

39、原理 2) most extreme or important because either the original or final, or the best or worst: The ultimate decision about who to employ lies with Andrew.注意：像ultimate, extreme, absolute這些表示“終極，極端”含義的詞語(yǔ)，已經(jīng)沒有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)了。 第52頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)aloneId rather not go to dance on my own. I do wish youd come with me.on ones

40、own (L 38)without anyones helpAlthough her father is the president of that firm, she insisted getting the job on her own(/by herself/herself). 第53頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)proceedPattern: proceed to/with sth. proceed to do sth.vi. 1)begin to do開始做，進(jìn)而做 The talks proceeded in a friendly atmosphere. Lets proceed to the ne

41、xt item on the agenda. 讓我們進(jìn)入下一個(gè)議程。 His lawyers have decided not to proceed with the case. Please proceed with your work. 2)continue to do (尤指打斷后）繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)做） We then proceeded to discuss the problem. You neednt stop speaking when someone enters the room; please proceed.第54頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)accomplish (L 41): manag

42、e to doIf you work hard and never give up, you will absolutely accomplish your goal of life.大功告成！Mission accomplished!第55頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)in due course（L 43): at the proper time; eventually 在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候 e.g. Be patient. You will get your promotion in due course.離開辦公室時(shí)我們只是被告知委員會(huì)將會(huì)在適當(dāng)時(shí)候考慮我們的申請(qǐng)。 (P14. I. 1.14)All we we

43、re told before leaving the office was that the committee would consider our applications in due course. 第56頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)very serious or dangerous 有危機(jī)的，嚴(yán)峻的As the situation in Iraq became critical, the UN Secretary-General appointed a special representative to tackle it.critical (L48)very important 重要的Whethe

44、r you may meet the demands of the customers will be critical to the success of this campaign.第57頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)make up for 彌補(bǔ) L 52Nothing can make up for the loss of feelings between lovers. Diligence could make up for the lack of experience. 中譯英：勤奮可以彌補(bǔ)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的不足。第58頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)in retrospect L 59 “retro-” back, backwar

45、d 向后 “pro-” forward 向前progressive 前進(jìn)的，進(jìn)步的retrogressive 倒退的，后退的 prospect 可能性，希望His success is in prospect (likely to happen).retrospect 回顧，回想第59頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)facilityn. ability to do sth. easily and well; (pl.)equipment, aids,etc. which make it easy to do things 熟練, 靈巧; 設(shè)備, 設(shè)施 She speaks English with facilit

46、y.(熟練地）His facility for languages is astonishing.a phone with a memory facility They lack the most elementary sanitary/recreational facilities. (表示設(shè)施時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)）第60頁(yè)/共82頁(yè) facile a. not difficult, easy It was a facile victory.這是一個(gè)輕取得勝利。 He is a man with facile pen (tongue). 他是一個(gè)筆頭快的人（能說(shuō)會(huì)道的人）。 facilitate: v

47、t make sth. easy Computers facilitate industrial automation.第61頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)so much so that: L 68 to such an extent Some parents spoil their children so much so that they never ask them to do any housework.他很想上大學(xué)，連做夢(mèng)都想。He is longing for going to college so much so that he even dreams about it. 第62頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)con

48、tinuous: it indicates an action carrying on without stopping or interruption （連續(xù)的）The brain needs a continuous supply of blood.continual & continuous (L 70)continual: it describes separate actions which are repeated over a period of time（經(jīng)常的）Recently the young couple have had continual arguments

49、 with each other because of trifles.第63頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)sth. that holds a high place among competing claims 重點(diǎn)，優(yōu)先權(quán)The proposals deserve support as they give priority to the needs of children.sth. that one must do before anything else 最重要的事Earning enough money to maintain his family is a high /first priority fo

50、r him during this period.priority (L79)put in the first place/place before everything else第64頁(yè)/共82頁(yè) This project has priority over all others.比有優(yōu)先權(quán) Nowadays students usually give priority to English and computer studies. Banks normally give priority to large businesses when deciding on loans enjoy p

51、riority in 在方面享受優(yōu)先權(quán) Official business requirements obviously take/have priority over personal requests (= Official business matters will be dealt with first).第65頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)harborvt. 1) keep sth, secretly in ones mind 懷有 Hes been harboring a grudge (dislike) against her ever since his promotion was refuse

52、d. We harbor no illusions about him. 我們對(duì)他不抱幻想。2) to protect someone or something bad, especially by hiding them when the police are looking for them包庇；窩藏 to harbor a criminal n.海港，港灣 Our hotel room overlooked a pretty little fishing harbour.第66頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Victoria Harbor in HK第67頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)contrastvt. compare

53、two things so that differences are made clear In his book, he contrasts the Chinese way of education with/and American way of education.n. 對(duì)比，對(duì)照；懸殊差別There is a striking/sharp contrast between A and B.By/in contrast, she is much more out-spoken. His white hair was in sharp contrast with/to his dark s

54、kin. 與形成對(duì)比In contrast to the hot days, the nights are rather cool.第68頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)comparable a. that can be comared with sth 比得上的，可比的(cf. compatible: sth that exist or work in agreement together or with another 可相融的，相協(xié)調(diào)的，一致的），both can be followed by the prep. WithOur house is not comparable with yours. Ours is just a small hut while yours is a palace.His work is comparable with the very best.His deeds were not compatib