gre數(shù)學(xué)總結(jié)二16頁(yè)

1、數(shù)學(xué)總結(jié)二數(shù)學(xué)詞匯（一）數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)等于： equal to, the same as, is不等于： more than less than no more than加： add A to B, plus, sum of A and B, total減： minus, less, difference, subtract A from B乘： multiply，product除： A divided by B，A divided into B，A divisible by B絕對(duì)值： | absolute value平方： square X2立方： cube開平方： square root 開立

2、方： cube root平行： / parallel to 垂直： perpendicular to數(shù)字前綴1：uni, mono,2: bi, du, di3: tri, ter 4: tera, quad5: penta, quint6: hex, sex7: sept，hapta8: oct 9: enn10: dec, deka方程Equation 方程 solution 解4.數(shù)列和集合arithmetic progression 等差數(shù)列 geometric progression 等比數(shù)列set 集合term 子集sequence 序列term 序列中的項(xiàng)inclusive 包含

3、序列的首末項(xiàng)exclusive 不包含序列的首末項(xiàng)5.排列組合與概率combination 組合probability，possibility 概率6.數(shù)論common division 公約數(shù)common factor 公因子composite number 合數(shù)（質(zhì)數(shù)與1以外的自然數(shù)）consecutive integer 連續(xù)整數(shù)digit 位dividend 被除數(shù)divide 除以divisor 除數(shù)divisible by 可整除的evenly divisible 可整除的even number 偶數(shù)factor 因子integer 整數(shù)irrational 無(wú)理數(shù)least co

4、mmon multiple 最小公倍數(shù)multiple 公倍數(shù)natural number 自然數(shù)negative number 負(fù)數(shù)nonzero 非零odd number 奇數(shù)positive number 正數(shù)prime factor 質(zhì)因子prime number 質(zhì)數(shù)quotient 商rational 有理數(shù)real number 實(shí)數(shù)remainder 余數(shù)whole number 整數(shù)unitsdigit 個(gè)位數(shù)tensdigit 十位數(shù)hundreds digit 百位數(shù)2-digit number 兩位數(shù)7.單利復(fù)利和價(jià)格compound interest 復(fù)利cost 成

5、本discount 折扣down payment 預(yù)付款，現(xiàn)付款 抵押貸款 mortinterest rate 利率list price 標(biāo)價(jià)margin 利潤(rùn)mark up 漲價(jià)mark down 降價(jià)markup毛利profit 利潤(rùn)purchasing price 購(gòu)買價(jià)retail value 零售價(jià)sale price 銷售價(jià)simple interest 單利8.其他代數(shù)addition 加arithmetic mean 算術(shù)平均數(shù)average 平均數(shù)base 底數(shù)closest approximation 近似decimal 小樹decimal notation 十進(jìn)制deci

6、mal point 小數(shù)點(diǎn)decreased 下降后的decreaseto 從下降至decerease by下降了define 定義denominator 分母denote 表示，代表depreciation 折舊distinct 不同的expression 表達(dá)式fraction 分?jǐn)?shù)geometric mean 幾何平均數(shù)improper fraction 假分?jǐn)?shù)increased 增加后的increasedto從增加到increase by增加了in terms of 用表達(dá)least possible 最小值maximum 最大值minimum 最小值multiply 乘multipl

7、ier乘數(shù)numerator 分子per capita 人均power 質(zhì)數(shù)proportional to 正比于proper faction 真分?jǐn)?shù)ratio 比率reciprocal 倒數(shù)reduced 降低后rounded to the nearest tenth 四舍五入到十分位successive，in a row連續(xù)的tehth 十分位tenthsdigit 十分位tie 平局times 幾倍two digits 兩個(gè)數(shù)字twice as many A as B A 是B的兩倍3/2 as many A as B A 是B的3/2倍A is 20% more than B A比B多

8、20% （A-B）/B=20%9.幾何abscissa 橫坐標(biāo)acute angle 銳角altitude 高arc 弧area 面積angle bisector 角平分線bisect 平分center 中心chord 弦circle 圓circumference 圓周長(zhǎng)circumscribe 外切，外接clockwise 順時(shí)針concentric circle 同心圓cone 圓錐congruent 全等的coordinate 坐標(biāo)counterclockwise 逆時(shí)針cube 正方體cylinder 圓柱decagon 十邊形degree 角度diameter 直徑diagonal

9、對(duì)角線dimension 大小，維度distance 距離due north 正北方equilateral triangle 等邊三角形face 面height 高h(yuǎn)exagon 六邊形hypotenuse 斜邊isosceles triangle 等腰三角形inscribe 內(nèi)接，內(nèi)切intersect 相交length 長(zhǎng)度median of a triangle 三角形的中線mid point 中點(diǎn)number lines 數(shù)軸obtuse angle 鈍角octagon 八邊形ordinate 縱坐標(biāo)overlap 交疊parallelogram 平行四邊形pentagon 五邊形pe

10、rimeter 周長(zhǎng)parallel lines 平行線perpendicular lines 垂直線plane 平面polygon 多邊形quadrant 象限quadrilateral 四邊形radius 半徑radian 弧度（弧長(zhǎng)/半徑）regular polygon 正多邊形rectangular solid 長(zhǎng)方體rectangle 長(zhǎng)方形right angle 直角right triangle 直角三角形square 正方形sphere 球side 邊surface area 表面積straight angle 平面segment 線段tangent 切線triangle 三角形

11、vertex（vertices） angle 頂角vertical angle 對(duì)頂角volume 體積width 寬數(shù)學(xué)詞匯（二）Aabscissa橫坐標(biāo)absolute value絕對(duì)值account for（數(shù)量）占acute angle銳角acute triangle銳角三角形add加add toaddition加，加法adjacent相鄰adjacent angles鄰角algebra代數(shù)學(xué)algebraic expression代數(shù)式algebraic fraction分式algebraic term代數(shù)項(xiàng)aliquot除得盡數(shù)aliquant除不盡數(shù)alternate angle

12、s內(nèi)錯(cuò)角altitude高度amount合計(jì)angle角angle bisector角平分線apex頂，頂點(diǎn)apiece每人，每個(gè)approximately近似的，大約的approximation近似，近似值arc弧，圓周的任意一段area面積arithmetic算術(shù)arithmetic(al) average算術(shù)平均數(shù)arithmetic(al) mean算術(shù)平均數(shù)或等差中項(xiàng)arithmetic(al) progression或series算術(shù)級(jí)數(shù)，等差級(jí)數(shù)assume that假定義at random隨機(jī)地at right angles with與成直角at this rate以這樣的比率

13、，價(jià)格或速度average平均，平均數(shù)平均的axis軸Bbalance余額bar graph(chart)條帶圖base堤邊，底面，冪或乘方的底數(shù)base area底面積be across from在對(duì)面be closet to最接近be composed of由構(gòu)成be equal to與相等be equivalent to anther equation與另一方程痛解be fewer than小于be greater than大于be greater than or equal to不小于be inscribed in內(nèi)接于be less than小于be less than or equ

14、al to不大于be parallel to平行于be perpendicular to垂直于be substituted for代替billion109binomial二項(xiàng)式bisect把二等分block立體blot out涂掉，刪掉bound辯解，范圍；鄰接Ccalculate to three decimal places計(jì)算結(jié)果保留三位小數(shù)cancellation約掉，消掉center圓心central angle圓心角*charge費(fèi)用，價(jià)錢chart圖表chord弦circle圓circle graph(chart)圓形圖circular圓形的，環(huán)形的circular cylind

15、er圓柱circumference圓的周長(zhǎng)clear an equation of fractions分式方程整式化clockwise順時(shí)針coefficient系數(shù)column列，圓柱common denominator公分母common difference等差數(shù)列的公差common divisor(factor)共因子；公約數(shù)common ratio等比數(shù)列的公比common multiple公倍數(shù)complement余角complementary angle余角complete circle全圓complete quadratic (equation)全二次方程complex frac

16、tion繁分?jǐn)?shù)composite number和數(shù)，指大于一而不是質(zhì)數(shù)的整數(shù)compound混合物；復(fù)利compound interest復(fù)利compound annual interest年復(fù)利concentration濃度concentric circle同心圓congruent（多邊形）全等的consecutive連續(xù)的consecutive integer連續(xù)整數(shù)consecutive even(odd) integer連續(xù)偶（奇）數(shù)consist of由構(gòu)成constant不變的，永恒的；常數(shù)constitute構(gòu)成，組成*contractor承包商coordinate坐標(biāo)coord

17、inate axis system坐標(biāo)系coordinate geometry解析幾何coordinate plane坐標(biāo)平面corresponding angles同位角，對(duì)應(yīng)角corresponding side對(duì)應(yīng)邊*cost成本*cost price成本價(jià)counterclockwise逆時(shí)針cross multiplication交叉相乘cube立方體，立方；三次冪cubic立方體的，立方的cubic block立方體cubic denominations立方單位cubic solid立方體cubic units立方單位cumulative graph(chart)累積圖curve曲

18、線curved line曲線cylinder圓柱體cylinderic(al)圓柱體的Ddecagon十角形，十邊形decimal小數(shù)；小數(shù)的decimal fraction純小數(shù)decimal place小數(shù)位decimal point小數(shù)點(diǎn)*deck一幅紙牌decrease減少，減少量deduct扣除，減去degree度；度數(shù)（溫度和角度）denominator分母denote表示，意味著depth深度diagonal對(duì)角線；對(duì)角線的diameter直徑differ不同，相異difference差，差額digit數(shù)字，位（數(shù)）*dime一角，十分dimension尺寸，尺度；維（數(shù)），度(

19、數(shù))，元(be) direct(inverse) proportional to成正（反）比discount折扣discount rate折扣率distance距離distinct與其它不同的，獨(dú)特的divide除dividend被除數(shù)divisor除數(shù)，約數(shù)divisible可整除的division除法*dollar美元done(drawn) to scale按比例繪制*down付現(xiàn)款地（和分期付款相對(duì)）Eeccentric偏心圓，；不同圓心的edge立體的變或棱endpoint端點(diǎn)equality相等，等式equation等式，方程equiangular等角的equidistance等距離

20、的equilateral等邊形；等邊的equivalent等面積的，等體積的；等價(jià)的，相等的，等量的equivalent fraction等值分?jǐn)?shù)，如1/2和2/4even integer偶數(shù)evenly even integer能再平分的偶數(shù)（能背4整除）evenly spaced等間隔的exponent指數(shù)expression表達(dá)式exterior angle外角Fface立體的面factor因子；將分解因子factorable可進(jìn)行因式分解的factorial階乘；因子的，階乘的figure圖形*finish line終點(diǎn)線fold對(duì)折footcandle（物理）英尺燭光（照度單位）fo

21、rmula公式，配方fraction分?jǐn)?shù)from subtract從減去Ggaingeometric mean幾何平均數(shù)geometric progression幾何級(jí)數(shù)，等比級(jí)數(shù)geometry幾何學(xué)graph圖表；用圖表來(lái)表示greatest common divisor最大公約數(shù)grid格柵gross總的，毛的Hhalfway半途的halve把平分為二；將減半height高h(yuǎn)eptagon七邊形hexagon六邊形horizontally水平地how much more thanhundreds百位hundredth第一百個(gè)；百分之一hypotenuse（直角三角形）斜邊Iidentic

22、al相等的；恒等的*illumination照明度improper fraction假分?jǐn)?shù)included angle(side)夾角（邊）indefinitely無(wú)限定地independent無(wú)關(guān)地，獨(dú)立地independent variables 自變量inequality不等式；不相等in excess of超過(guò)infinite decimal無(wú)窮小數(shù)，同non-terminating decimalinfinite sequence無(wú)窮數(shù)列inscribed angle圓周角，同弧所對(duì)圓心角central angle的尺寸是圓周角的二倍inside dimension內(nèi)部尺寸insta

23、llment分期付款中每一期所付的款項(xiàng)integer整數(shù)integer part代分?jǐn)?shù)的整數(shù)部分，代分?jǐn)?shù)的分?jǐn)?shù)部分是fractional part*intensity強(qiáng)度intercept截距；截取eg intercepted arc 截弧interest利息interior angle內(nèi)角in terms of用來(lái)表示intersect直線相交，point of inetrsection交點(diǎn)interval間隔，區(qū)間in turn依次，輪流invert a fraction求一個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)的倒數(shù)irrational number無(wú)理數(shù)Jjoint接合，接合處Lleast(lowest) commo

24、n multiple最小公倍數(shù)leg梯形的兩條不平性的邊；直角三角形的直角邊length長(zhǎng)度lengthwise(lengthways)縱長(zhǎng)的like(similar) terms同類項(xiàng)line直線，線段line segment/half line半直線，射線line graph線型圖literal coefficient字母系數(shù)Mmathematical operation數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算mean平均數(shù)mean proportional比例中項(xiàng)median中數(shù)；中線midpoint中點(diǎn)midway中途million106minor arc AB劣弧ABminuend被減數(shù)minus減mixed de

25、cimal混合小數(shù)，如3.14mode眾數(shù)monomial單項(xiàng)式multiple多倍的，多重的；倍數(shù)a multiple ofmultiplicand被乘數(shù)multiplication乘法multiplier乘數(shù)multiply乘Nnatural number自然數(shù)negative number負(fù)數(shù)negligible可忽略不計(jì)的n-gonn-邊形nickel五分nonadjacent不相鄰的nonagon九邊形nonzero非零；非零的not necessarily distinct不必然不同的number數(shù)，數(shù)字number line數(shù)軸，規(guī)定了原點(diǎn)，正方向和單位長(zhǎng)度的直線，數(shù)軸上的點(diǎn)和實(shí)

26、數(shù)一一對(duì)應(yīng)numerator分?jǐn)?shù)的分子numerical coefficient數(shù)字系數(shù)Oobtuse angle鈍角，大于90度而小于180度的角obtuse triangle鈍角三角形octagon八邊形odd integer奇數(shù)odds事物發(fā)生的可能性，機(jī)會(huì)of one dimension線性的on the average平均operation運(yùn)算order順序，訂單ordinate縱坐標(biāo)origin原點(diǎn),origin of coordinates 坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)original equation原方程overlap部分重疊，部分搭交Pparallel lines平行線parallelogra

27、m平行四邊形penny分pentagon五邊形percent百分號(hào)percent of interest利率，同rate of interestpercent increase增加的百分率percent decrease減少的百分率perfect square(cube)完全平方（立方），e.g.25是5的完全平方perimeter周長(zhǎng)perpendicular lines垂直線pictograph統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表pie gragh(chart)圓形圖，餅型圖palce（位）數(shù)plane平面plus加point小數(shù)點(diǎn)pointer指針point of tangency切點(diǎn)polynomial多項(xiàng)式po

28、ol聯(lián)營(yíng)potion一部分positive正的power冪，乘方preceding在前的，先前的prime number質(zhì)數(shù)，素?cái)?shù)*principal本金，資本probability概率product（乘）積progression(series)級(jí)數(shù)，同seriesprojected被預(yù)測(cè)，被估計(jì)proportion比，比率；比例e.g. in proportion to與成比例;Qquadrant象限quadratic equation二次方程quadrilateral四邊形quantity數(shù)，數(shù)量quotient商Rradical根號(hào)，根式；radius半徑randomly隨機(jī)地rate率，比率；速度，速率；價(jià)格，費(fèi)用ratio比，比率ray射線real number實(shí)數(shù)*rebate回扣，折扣reciprocal倒數(shù)rectangle矩形rectangular矩形的；成直角的remainder余數(shù)remote interior angles三角形一個(gè)外角對(duì)應(yīng)的兩個(gè)內(nèi)錯(cuò)角repeating decimal無(wú)限循環(huán)小數(shù)revolution旋