中外合資合同范本中英

1、中外合資經(jīng)營合同范本（中英）第一章 總 則中國公司和國公司，根據(jù)中華人民共和國中外合資經(jīng)營企業(yè)法和中國的其它有關法律法規(guī)，本著平等互利的原則，通過友好協(xié)商，同意在中華人民共和國共同投 資舉辦合資經(jīng)營企業(yè)，特訂立本合同。第二章 合 資 雙 方第一條 合資合同雙方合同雙方如下：1.1. 中國公司（以下簡稱甲方）是一個按中華人民共和國（以下簡稱 中國）法律組織和存在的企業(yè)法人，在中國注冊，持有編號為的營業(yè)執(zhí)照。法定地址：法人代表：1.2. 公司（以下簡稱乙方）是一個按國法律組織和存在的企業(yè)法人，在注冊，持有編號為的營業(yè)執(zhí)照。法定地址：法人代表：1.3 各方均表明自己是按中國法律或國法律合法成立的有效

2、法人，具有締結本合資合同并履行本合同義務所需的全部法人權限。第三章 合資公司的成立第二條按照中國的合資企業(yè)法和其它有關法律和法規(guī)，合同雙方同意在中國境內省市建立合資公司。第三條合資公司的中文名稱為合資公司的英文名稱為法定地址：第四條 合資公司為中國法人，受中國的法律、法規(guī)和有關規(guī)章制度（以下簡稱中國法律 ）的管轄和保護，在遵守中國法律的前提下，從事其一切活動。第五條 合資公司的法律形式為有限責任公司，合資公司的責任以其全部資產(chǎn)為限，雙方的責任 以各自對注冊資本的出資為限。合資公司的利潤按雙方對注冊資本出資的比例由雙方分享。第四章 生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營的目的范圍和規(guī)模第六條 目的合資雙方希望加強經(jīng)濟合作和

3、技術交流，從事第七條所規(guī)定的經(jīng)營活動，（根據(jù)具體情況 寫），為投資雙方帶來滿意的經(jīng)濟利益。第七條 合資公司生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營范圍（略）第八條 合資公司生產(chǎn)規(guī)模（略）第五章 投資總額與注冊資本第九條總投資合資公司的總投資額為人民幣。第十條 注冊資本合資公司的注冊資本為人民幣，其中：甲方元，占%;乙方元，占%。（如乙方以外幣出資，按照繳款當日的中國國家外匯管理局公布的外匯牌價折算成人民幣）第十一條 雙方將以下列作為出資：11.1.甲方：現(xiàn)金元機械設備元廠房元工地使用費元工業(yè)產(chǎn)權元其它元共元11.2 .乙方：現(xiàn)金元機械設備元工業(yè)產(chǎn)權元其它元共元第十二條 合資公司注冊資本由甲、乙方按其出資比例分期繳付，每期繳

4、付的數(shù)額如下：（略）第十三條貸款總投資和注冊資本之間的差額向銀行貸款。可首先考慮向合資公司所在的國內銀行或其它渠道 借貸。甲、乙方按在合資公司注冊資本的比例各自負責貸款擔保。如果合資公司董事會認為，除了第十一條規(guī)定的雙方投資額和上述貸款外，合資公司的經(jīng)營需 要流動資金和其它資金，雙方應按各自在合資公司注冊資本的比例為上述借款作擔保。如果不能按上述方式獲得借款，董事會將按合同雙方各自在合資公司中的資本比例向合同雙方 另外征集資金。除非合同雙方另以書面形式明確表示同意，任何一方都沒有義務再增加注冊資本成為第三 方借貸給合資公司的款項作擔保。但是，如果合資公司的經(jīng)營、利潤狀況良好，合同雙方原則上同意

5、再適 當增加注冊資本，即按經(jīng)營發(fā)展狀況和穩(wěn)妥的股本籌措原則使用積累的儲備基金。第十四條資本轉讓除非得到另一方的同意并經(jīng)審批機關批準，合同任何一方都不得將其認繳的資本股份全部或部 份轉讓給第三方。如果一方將其認繳的資本股份全部或部分轉讓給第三方，則另一方具有優(yōu)先受讓的權利，受讓 的條件不得苛刻于轉讓給第三方的條件。另一方特此表示，如果自己不行使優(yōu)先受讓權，即為同意上述轉 讓。第十五條抵押和擔保 未經(jīng)董事會一致同意，任何一方都不得將其認繳的資本股份全部或部分用作抵押，也不得用作擔保第六章 合資雙方的責任第十六條 甲、乙方應各自負責完成以下各項事宜：16.1甲方責任（根據(jù)具體情況寫，主要有：）按第五

6、章規(guī)定出資并協(xié)助安排資金籌措；辦理為設立合資公司向中國有關主管部門申請 批準、登記注冊、領取營業(yè)執(zhí)照等事宜；向土地主管部門辦理申請取得土地使用權的手續(xù)；協(xié)助 合資公司組織合資公司廠房和其它工程設施的設計、施工；協(xié)助辦理乙方作為出資而提供的機械設備 的進口報關手續(xù)和在中國境內的運輸；協(xié)助合資公司聯(lián)系落實水、電、交通等基礎設施；協(xié)助合 資公司申請所有可能享受的關稅和稅務減免以及其它利益或優(yōu)惠待遇；協(xié)助合資公司招聘中方管理人 員、技術人員、工人和所需的其他人員；協(xié)助外籍工作人員辦理所需的入境簽證、工作許可證和旅行 手續(xù)等；一一負責辦理合資公司委托的其它事宜。16.2乙方責任：一一按第五章規(guī)定出資并協(xié)

7、助安排資金籌措； 辦理合資公司委托在中國境外選購機械設備、材料等有關事宜；提供需要的設備安裝、 調試以及試生產(chǎn)技術人員、生產(chǎn)和檢驗技術人員；培訓合資公司的技術人員和工人；如乙方同時 又是技術轉讓方，則應負責合資公司在規(guī)定期限內按設計能力穩(wěn)定地生產(chǎn)合格產(chǎn)品；負責辦理合資公 司委托的其它事宜。第七章 技 術 轉 讓第十七條 許可與技術引進協(xié)議合資公司和公司的”許可與技術引進協(xié)議”應與本合同同時草簽。第八章 商標的使用及產(chǎn)品的銷售第十八條合資公司和公司就使用公司的商標簽訂”商標使用許可協(xié)議”，所有同商標有關的事宜均應按照”商標使用許可協(xié)議”的規(guī)定辦理，或合資公司的產(chǎn)品使用商標為。第十九條合資公司的產(chǎn)

8、品，在中國境內外市場上銷售，外銷部分占%，內銷部分占%。第二十條 合資公司內銷產(chǎn)品可由中國物資部門、商業(yè)部門包銷或代銷，或由中國外貿公司包銷的占%。第二十一條 產(chǎn)品可由下述渠道向國外銷售：由合資公司直接向中國境外銷售的占%。由合資公司與中國外貿公司訂立銷售合同，委托其代銷，或由中國外貿公司包銷的占%。由合資公司委托乙方銷售的占%。第九章 董 事 會 第二十二條 合資公司注冊登記之日，為合資公司董事會成立之日第二十三條 董事會由名董事組成，其中甲方委派名，乙方委派名。董事長由甲方委派，副董事長由乙方委派。董事、董事長和副董事長任期4年，經(jīng)委派方繼續(xù)委派 可以連任。第二十四條董事會是合資公司的最高

9、權力機構，決定合資公司的一切重大事宜：1 修改合資公司的章程；3 與其它經(jīng)濟組織合并；4合資公司注冊資本的增加；5 采納、更改或終止集體勞動合同、職工工資制度和集體福利計劃等；6 .分紅；7 批準年度財務報表，（略）第二十五條董事會的所有決議均需全體董事的多數(shù)表決方能通過，但第二十四條款所列事項需全體董事一致同意后方能通過。第二十六條董事長是合資公司的法定代表。如果董事長不能行使其職責，應書面授權副董事長 代理。第二十七條董事會會議每年至少召開一次，由董事長召集并主持會議。經(jīng)三分之一以上的董事 提議，董事長可召開董事會臨時會議。會議紀要歸合資公司存檔。任何一名董事如不能出席會議，應以書面委托的

10、形式指定一名代理出席會議和行使表決權。如果董事既不出席會議也不委托他人參加會議，應視作棄權。第十章經(jīng)營管理機構第二十八條合資公司設經(jīng)營管理機構，負責公司的日常經(jīng)營管理工作。經(jīng)營管理機構設總經(jīng)理 一人，由方推薦，副總經(jīng)理人，由甲方推薦人，乙方推薦人?？偨?jīng)理、副總經(jīng)理由董事會聘請，任期年。第二十九條 總經(jīng)理的職責是執(zhí)行董事會會議的各項決議，組織領導合資公司的日常經(jīng)營管理工 作。副總經(jīng)理協(xié)助總經(jīng)理工作。第三十條總經(jīng)理、副總經(jīng)理有營私舞弊或嚴重失職的，經(jīng)董事會會議決議可隨時撤換。第十一章設備材料的采購第三十一條 合資公司生產(chǎn)中所需要的有關設備、儀器等物資，其采購權歸合資公司。第三十二 條 合資公司所需

11、原材料、燃料、零部件、運輸工具等，在條件相同情況下，盡先在中國購買。第十二章勞動管理第三十三條 合資公司職工的招聘、處罰、辭退、合同期限、工資、勞動保險、生活福利等事宜, 按照中華人民共和國勞動法和中華人民共和國中外合資經(jīng)營企業(yè)勞動管理規(guī)定及其實施辦法，經(jīng) 董事會研究制定方案，由合資公司和合資公司工會組織集體或個別地訂立勞動合同。勞動合同訂立后，報 當?shù)貏趧庸芾聿块T備案。第三十四條外籍職工有關的勞動事務詳細規(guī)定見附件。第十三章 工 會第三十五條工會的任務為：（略）保護法律規(guī)定的職工的民主權利和物質利益；協(xié)助合資公司安排和合理使用福利基金；參加調解職工與合資公司之間發(fā)生的爭議；等。第三十六條 工

12、會代表有權就職工的獎勵、處罰、解聘、工資、福利、勞動保護和勞動保險等問 題同經(jīng)營管理機構協(xié)商。第三十七條 根據(jù)中國法律和法規(guī)的有關規(guī)定，合資公司應每月依法撥交按公司全部職工實際工 資總額的%作為工會經(jīng)費。第十四章稅務、財務和審計第三十八條 合資公司應按有關的中國法律和法規(guī)的規(guī)定支付各類稅款。第三十九條合資公司職工應按中國的稅法支付個人所得稅。第四十條 合資公司按照中華人民共和國合資經(jīng)營企業(yè)法的規(guī)定提取儲備基金、企業(yè)發(fā)展基 金和職工福利基金，每年提取的比例由董事會根據(jù)公司經(jīng)營情況討論決定。第四十一條 合資公司的會計年度與公歷年相同，從每年1月1日起至12月3 1日止，一切記 帳憑證、單據(jù)、報表、

13、帳簿，用中文或雙方同意的一種外文書寫。第四十二條合資公司的財務帳冊應每年一次由一個在中國注冊的會計事務所進行審計，費用由 合資公司承擔。合同各方有權各自承擔費用自行指定審計師審計合資公司的帳目。第四十三條每一營業(yè)年度的頭三個月，由總經(jīng)理組織編制上一年度的資產(chǎn)負債表，損益計算書 和利潤分配方案，提交董事會會議審查。第十五章保險第四十四條合資公司在經(jīng)營期內為保護公司不因各類災害而受損失，應向中國人民保險公司投保。保險的險別，投保的價值和期限等應由董事會作出決定。發(fā)生的保險費由合資公司承擔。第十六章合資公司的期限及正常終止第四十五條 合資公司的期限為年。合資公司的成立日期為合資公司營業(yè)執(zhí)照簽發(fā)之日。

14、經(jīng)一方提議，董事會會議一致通過，可以在合資期滿6個月前向原審批機構申請延長合資期限。 第四十六條合資期滿或提前終止合資，應按可適用法律和公司章程所規(guī)定的有關條款進行清算。第十七章合同的修改、變更和終止第四十七條對合同及其附件所作的任何修改，須經(jīng)合同雙方在書面協(xié)議上簽字并經(jīng)原審批機構批準后方能生效。第四十八條 由于不可抗力，致使合同無法履行，或是由于合資公司連年虧損，無力繼續(xù)經(jīng)營，經(jīng)董事會一致通過，并報原審批機構批準，可以提前終止合同。第四十九條 由于一方不履行合同、章程規(guī)定的義務，或嚴重違反合同、章程的規(guī)定，造成合資公司無法經(jīng)營或無法達到合同規(guī)定的經(jīng)營目的，視作違約方片面終止合同，對方除有權向

15、違約方索賠外， 并有權按合同規(guī)定報原審批機構批準終止合同。第十八章違約責任第五十條如果任何一方未及時繳納第十二條規(guī)定的注冊資本金額，則每拖欠一個月該方即應支付相當于出資額%的違約賠償金。如逾期3個月仍未提交，除累計支付出資額的%作為違約金外，守約一方有權按本合同第四十九條規(guī)定終止合同，并要求違約方賠償損失。第五條由于一方違約，造成本合同及其附件不能履行或不能完全履行時，由違約方承擔違約責任；如屬雙方違約，根據(jù)實際情況，由雙方分別承擔各自應負的違約責任。第十九章 不 可 抗 力第五十二條 由于地震、臺風、水災、火災、戰(zhàn)爭以及其它不能預見且對其發(fā)生和后果不能防止 或避免的不可抗力，致使直接影響合同

16、的履行或者不能按約定的條件履行時，遇有上述不可抗力的一方， 應立即電報通知對方，并應在15天內，提供不可抗力詳情及合同不能履行，或者部分不能履行，或者需 要延期履行的理由的有效證明文件，此項證明文件應由不可抗力發(fā)生地區(qū)的公證機構出具。按其對履行合 同影響的程度，由雙方協(xié)商決定是否解除合同，或者部分免除履行合同的責任，或者延期履行合同。第二十章適用法律第五十三條 本合同的訂立、效力、解釋、履行受中華人民共和國法律的管轄。在某一具體問題 上如果沒有業(yè)已頒布的中國法律可適用，則可參考國際慣例辦理。第二十一章爭議的解決第五十四條凡因執(zhí)行本合同所發(fā)生的或與本合同有關的一切爭議，雙方應通過友好協(xié)商解決，

17、如果協(xié)商不能解決，應提交北京中國國際貿易促進委員會對外經(jīng)濟貿易仲裁委員會根據(jù)該會的仲裁程序暫 行規(guī)則進行仲裁?；?，應提交 國 地仲裁機構根據(jù)該仲裁機構的仲裁程序進行仲裁?；?，仲裁在被訴人所在國進行。仲裁裁決是終局的，對雙方都有約束力。第五十五條在仲裁過程中，除雙方有爭議正在進行仲裁的部分外，本合同應繼續(xù)履行。第二十二章合同文字第五十六條本合同用中文和文寫成，兩種文字具有同等效力。上述兩種文本如有不符，以中文本為準。第二十三章合同生效及其它第五十七條按照本合同規(guī)定的各項原則訂立的如下附屬協(xié)議文件，包括：技術轉讓協(xié)議、銷售 協(xié)議，均為本合同的組成部分。第五十八條本合同及其附件，自中華人民共和國審批

18、機構批準之日起生效。第五十九條雙方發(fā)送通知，如用電報、電傳時、凡涉及各方權利、義務的，應隨之以書面信件 通知。合同中所列雙方的法定地址為收件地址。第六十條本合同于年月日由雙方指定的授權代表在中國簽署。中國公司代表國公司代表7. THE CONTRACT FOR SINO-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTUREWhole Doc.Chapter 1 General ProvisionsIn accordance with the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on JointVentures UsingChinese and Fore

19、ign Investment (the Joint Venture Law)and other relevant Chinese laws and regulations, Company and Company, in accordance with the principle ofequality andmutual benefit and through friendly consultations, agree to jointly investto set up a joint venture enterprise in of the Peoples Republicof China

20、.Chapter 2 Parties of the Joint VentureArticle 1Parties to this contract are as follows: Company (hereinafter referred toas Party A), registered with in China,and its legal address is at (street) (district) (city) China.Legal representative:Name:Position:Nationality:Company(hereinafter referred to a

21、s Party B), registeredwith . Its legal address at .Legal representative:Name:Position:Nationality:(Note: In case there are more than two investors, they will be calledParty C,Dinproper order).Chapter 3 Establishment of the Joint Venture CompanyArticle 2In accordance with the Joint Venture Law and ot

22、her relevant Chineselaws and regulations, both parties of the joint venture agree to set upjoint venture limited liabilitycompany ( hereinafterreferred to as the joint venture company).Article 3The name of the joint venture company is Limited LiabilityCompany.The name in foreign language is .The leg

23、al address of the joint venture company is at street(city) province.Article 4All activities of the joint venture company shall be governed by thelaws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of the Peoples Republicof China.Article 5The Organization form of the joint venture company is a limitedl

24、iability company. Each party to the joint venture company is liable tothe joint venture company within the limit of the capital subscribed byit. The profits, risks and losses of the joint venture company shall beshared by the parties in proportion to their contributions to theregistered capital.Chap

25、ter 4 The Purpose, Scope and Scale of Production and BusinessArticle 6The goals of the parties to the joint venture are to enhance economicco-operationtechnical exchanges, to improve the product quality, developnew products, and gain a competitiveposition in the world market inqualityand priceby ado

26、ptingadvanced and appropriatetechnologyandscientific managementmethods, soas toraiseeconomic resultsand ensuresatisfactoryeconomicbenefits for each investor.(Note: This article shallbewrittenaccordingtothe specificsituationsin thecontract).Article 7The productive and business scope of the joint vent

27、ure company is toproduce products; provide maintenance service after the sale ofthe products; study and develop new products.(Note: It shall be written in the contract according to the specificconditions).Article 8The production scale of the joint venture company is as follows:1. The production capa

28、city after the joint venture is put intooperation is .2. The production scale may be increased up to with thedevelopment of theproduction and operation. The product varieties may bedeveloped into .(Note: It shall be written according to the specific situation).Chapter 5 Total Amount of Investment an

29、d the Registered CapitalArticle 9The total amount of investment of the joint venture company is RMB (or aforeign currency agreed upon by both parties).Article 10Investment contributed by the parties is Renminbi , whichwill be theregistered capital of the joint venture company.Of which: Party A shall

30、 pay Yuan, accounting for%; Party B shallpay Yuan, accounting for%.Article 11Both Party A and Party B will contribute the following as theirinvestment:Party A: cash Yuanmachines and equipment Yuanpremises Yuanthe right to the use of the site Yuanindustrial property Yuanothers Yuan, Yuan in all.Party

31、 B: cash Yuanmachines and equipment Yuanindustrial property Yuanothers Yuan, Yuan in all.(Note: When contributing capital goods or industrial property asinvestment, Party Aand Party B shall conclude a separate contract to be apart of this main contract).Article 12The registered capital of the joint

32、venture company shall be paid ininstallments by Party A and Party B according to theirrespective proportion of their investment.Each installment shall be as follows:(Note: it shall be written according to the concrete conditions).Article 13In case any party to the joint venture intends to assign all

33、 or partof his investmentsubscribed to a thirdparty, consent shall be obtainedfrom the other party to the joint venture,and approval from theexamination and approval authority is required.When one party to the joint venture assigns all or part of hisinvestment, the otherparty has preemptive right.Ch

34、apter 6 Responsibilities of Each Party to the Joint VentureArticle 14Party A and Party B shall be respectively responsible for thefollowing matters:Responsibilities of Party A:Handling of applications for approval, registration, business licenseand other matters concerning the establishment of the j

35、oint venturecompany from relevant departments in charge of China;Processing the application for the right to the use of a site to theauthority in charge of the land;Organizing the design and construction of the premises and otherengineering facilities of the joint venture company;Providing cash, mac

36、hinery and equipment and premises in accordancewith theprovisions of Article 11;Assisting Party B to process import customs declaration for themachinery and equipment contributed by Party B as investment and arrangingthe transportation within the Chinese territory;Assisting the joint venture company

37、 in purchasing or leasingequipment, materials, raw materials, articles for office use, means oftransportation and communication facilities etc.;Assisting the joint venture company in contacting and settling thefundamental facilities such as water, electricity, transportation etc.;Assisting the joint

38、 venture in recruiting Chinese managementpersonnel, technical personnel, workers and other personnel needed;Assisting foreign workers and staff in applying for entry visas, worklicenses and handling their travel procedures;Responsible for handling other matters entrusted by the joint venturecompany.

39、Responsibilities of Party B:Providing cash, machinery and equip ment, industrial property inaccordance withthe provisions of Article 11, and responsible for shippingcapital goods such as machinery and equipment etc. contributed asinvestment to a Chinese port;Handling the matters entrusted by the joi

40、nt venture company, such asselecting and purchasing machinery and equipment outside China, etc.;Providing necessary technical personnel for installing, testing andtrial productionof the equipment as well as the technical personnel forproduction and inspecting;Training the technical personnel and wor

41、kers of the joint venturecompany;In case Party B is the licensor, it shall be responsible for thestable production of qualified products of the joint venture company inthe light of design capacity within the specified period;Responsible for other matters entrusted by the joint venture company.(note:

42、 It shall be written according to the specific situation).Chapter 7 Transfer of TechnologyArticle 15Both Party A and Party B agree that a technology transfer agreementshall be signed between the joint venture company and Party B (or a thirdparty) so as to obtain advanced production technology needed

43、 for realizingthe production and operation purpose and the production scale specified inChapter 4 of the contract, including product design, manufacturingtechnology, means of testing, materials prescription, standard of qualityand the training of personnel etc.(Note: It shall be written in the contr

44、act according to the concreteconditions).Article 16Party B offers the following guarantees on the transfer of technology:(Note: Article applies only when Party B is responsible fortransferring technology to the joint venture company).1. Party B guarantees that the overall technology such as thedesig

45、ning, manufacturing technology, technological process, tests andinspection of products (Note: The nameof the products shall be written)provided to the joint venture company must be integrated, precise andreliable.It is to meet the requirement of the jointventures operationpurpose, and be able to obt

46、ain thestandard of production quality andproduction capacity specified in the contract;2. Party B guarantees that the technology specified in this contractand the technology transfer agreement shall be fully transferred to thejoint venture company, and pledges that the provided technology should bet

47、ruly advanced among the same type of technology produced by Party B, themodel, specification and quality of the equipment are excellent and it isto meet the requirement of technological operation and practical usage;3. Party B shall work out a detailed list of the provided technologyand technologica

48、l service at various stages as specified in the technologytransfer agreement to be an appendix to the contract, and guarantee itsperformance;4. The drawings, technological conditions and other detailedinformation are part of the transferred technology and shall be providedon time;5. During the term

49、of the technology transfer agreement, Party B shallprovide the joint venture company with any improvements in the technologyand the improved information and technological materials in time, andshall not charge separate fees;6. Party B shall guarantee that the technical personnel and theworkers in th

50、e joint venture company can master all the technologytransferred within the period specified in the technology transferagreement.Article 17In case Party B fails to provide equipment and technology inaccordance with the provisions of this contract and the technologytransfer agreement or in case any d

51、eceiving or concealing actions arefound, Party B shall be responsible for compensating the direct losses tothe joint venture company.Article 18The technology transfer fee shall be paid in royalties. The royaltyrate shall be % of the net sales value of the products.The term for royalty payment is the

52、 same as the term for thetechnology transfer agreement specified in Article 19 of this contract.Article 19The term for the technology transfer agreement signed by the jointventure company andParty B is years. After the expiration ofthe technology transfer agreement, the jointventure company shall ha

53、vethe right to use, research and develop the imported technologycontinuously.(Note: The term for a technology transfer agreement is generally nolonger than 10 years, and it shall be approved by the Ministry of ForeignTrade and Economic Cooperation or other examination and approvalauthorities entrust

54、ed by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and EconomicCooperation).Chapter 8 Selling of ProductsArticle 20The products of joint venture company will be sold both on the Chineseand the overseas market, the export portion accounts for %,% for the domestic market.(Note: An annual percentage and amount for ou

55、tside and domesticselling will be written out according to practical situations, in normalconditions, the amount for export shall at least meet the needs of foreignexchange expenses of the joint venture company).Article 21Products may be sold on overseas markets through the followingchannels:The joi

56、nt venture company may directly sell its products on theinternational market, accounting for %.The joint venture company may sign sales contracts with Chineseforeign trade companies, entrusting them to be the sales agencies orexclusive sales agencies, accounting for %.The joint venture company may e

57、ntrust Party B to sell its products,accounting for %.Article 22The joint ventures products to be sold in China may be handled by theChinese materials and commercial departments by means of agency orexclusive sales, or maybe sold by the joint venture company directly.Article 23In order to provide maintenance service to the products sold both inChina or abroad, th