英語國家社會與文化

1、LiteratureLiterature English literature emerged in the late 14th century. Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales remains a popular 14th-century work which readers still enjoy today. Following the introduction of the printing press into England in the next century , there was an era of a great flourishin

2、g of literature , especially in the fields of poetry and drama . From this period , poet and playwright William Shakespeare stands out as arguably the most famous writer in the world. The Elizabethan period of the late 16th and early 17th century saw a flowering of the drama . Perhaps the most famou

3、s playwright in the world , William Shakespeare are still performed in theatres across the world to this day.TragediesTragedies HamletHamlet（哈姆雷特）（哈姆雷特） OthelloOthello（奧賽羅）（奧賽羅）, , king Learking Lear（李爾王）（李爾王） TimonTimon of of AthensAthens( (雅典的泰門雅典的泰門)ComediesComediesThe stormThe storm（暴風雨）（暴風雨）Lov

4、e in vainLove in vain（愛的徒勞）（愛的徒勞）The winters The winters taletale（冬天的故事）（冬天的故事） Romeo and Romeo and JulietJuliet（羅密（羅密歐與朱麗葉）歐與朱麗葉）Historical Historical plays plays Henry ivHenry iv（亨利四世）（亨利四世）Henry vHenry v（亨利五世）（亨利五世）King JohnKing John（約翰王）（約翰王）Richard iiRichard ii（理查二世）（理查二世） The English romantici

5、sm is often dated to the joint publication by William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge of Lyrical Ballads in 1798,a time when there was a revolution in France , and in Britain , a movement for social change.All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings. - William Wordsworth 所有的好詩都是

6、熾烈情感的自然涌流。nTime: nIt prevailed in England during the period 17981832; nBeginning: Lyrical Ballads in 1798nEnd: death of Walter Scott in 1832English Romanticism nMain features: Imagination Imagination is the supreme faculty of the mind. Imagination can change and create. Imagination can unify differe

7、nt elements into a complex whole. Suggested poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel ColeridgeEnglish Romanticism nRepresentatives: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, Byron and KeatsEnglish RomanticismNovels The romantic period of the early 19th century showed a flowering of poetry . However , th

8、e Victorian period was the golden age of the realistic English novel , which reflects social life of the day . Though the storys setting is unique in the 19th century , the works are widely read by modern readers , and still receive considerable attention from literary critics.1. Northanger Abbey諾桑覺

9、寺2. Sense and Sensibility理智與情感3. Pride and Prejudice傲慢與偏見4 4. Mansfield Park 曼斯菲爾德花園5. Emma愛瑪6. Persuasion勸告Englands literary folle - The Bronte SistersCharlotte Bronte(1816-1855) Emily Bront(18181848) Anne Bront(1820-1849)The Bronte SistersCharlotte Bronte（Jane Eyre） 簡愛 1847 （Shirley） 雪莉 1849（Ville

10、tte） 維萊特 1853 （The Professor） 教師 1857 Writing style 在寫作風格上，夏洛蒂也獨樹一幟。她文筆簡潔而傳神，質樸而生動，加之第一人稱的敘述語言，使得小說貼近讀者，貼近現(xiàn)實。同時，小說又體現(xiàn)了歐洲浪漫主義文學傳統(tǒng)的特點，顯示出作者豐富的想象力和詩人的氣質。作者在敘述中自然地使用了夢境、幻覺、預感和象征、隱喻等手法，使小說的“自然”境界撲朔朦朧，情節(jié)扣人心弦Emily BrontWuthering heights 歐美文學中的哥特傳統(tǒng)是研究呼嘯山莊的創(chuàng)作源泉的一個重要課題，艾米莉勃朗特在主題、人物形象、環(huán)境刻畫、意象及情節(jié)構造等方面都借鑒了哥特傳統(tǒng)，同

11、時憑借其超乎尋常的想象力，將現(xiàn)實與超現(xiàn)實融為一體，給陳舊的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度、新鮮活力，達到了哥特形式與激情內(nèi)容的完美統(tǒng)一，使呼嘯山莊具有永恒的藝術魅力。Writing styleAnne BrontAgnes Grey 艾格妮斯格雷The Tenant of Wildfell Hall懷爾德菲爾府的房客 她筆下的小說就如同她本人，給人一種恬靜的感覺，主人公都有著純潔的品德，勇敢地追求獨立和幸福，這也是安妮內(nèi)心的寫照。安 妮的作品直率和明晰更像是18世紀的作品，而不像她所處的維多利亞時代的作家風格。 Charles Dickens The greatest representativ

12、e of English critical realism1 1 Sketches by Sketches by BozBoz (1836) (1836)博茲特寫集博茲特寫集, the first book , the first book 3. 3. Oliver TwistOliver Twist (1837-1838) (1837-1838)奧克佛奧克佛特維斯特特維斯特，霧都孤兒霧都孤兒 4.4. Bleak House(1852-1853) Bleak House(1852-1853) 荒涼山莊荒涼山莊5. Hard Times(1854) 5. Hard Times(1854) 艱難

13、時世艱難時世6.A Tale of Two Cities(1859) 6.A Tale of Two Cities(1859) 雙城記雙城記 5) Great Expectations(1860-1861)5) Great Expectations(1860-1861) 遠大前遠大前程程6) Our Mutual Friend6) Our Mutual Friend (1864-1865) (1864-1865) 我們的共同朋友我們的共同朋友Major Works WorksThe Voyage Out, 1915 出海Night and Day, 1919 日夜Jacob s Room, 1922 雅各的房間Mrs. Dalloway, 1925 黛洛維夫人To the Lighthouse, 1927 到燈塔去Orlando, 1928 奧爾蘭多The Waves, 1931 海浪The Years, 1937 年月Between the Acts, 1941 幕與幕之間弗吉尼亞.伍爾夫 an English novelist