定語從句之先行詞(含答案解析).docx

1、.定語從句之先行詞綜合練習題號IIIIII總分得分一、句子翻譯（本大題共4 小題，共8.0 分）1. 分析再翻譯：看下面的句子，分別找出各句的先行詞和關(guān)系代詞，并指出引導詞在句子中作什么成分，然后將句子譯成漢語(1)This is the stranger who helped us yesterday.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_(2)The boy whom the teacher often praises is their monitor.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_(3)Fruittreeswhich once grew

2、 onlyin China can be found inmany partsof the world.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_(4)The gold medal which she won has been given to her old school.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_(5)ThewomanthatI read about in the newspaper has justwon a gold medal.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_(6)Thereportthatwas han

3、ded in by Mr Turnerwas about the motor race.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_.(7)I know the person whose company produces computers.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_(8)Ionce livedin the house whose windows were much largerthan usual.先行詞： _；關(guān)系代詞： _；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_。譯文：_2.約翰要給撿到他錢包的出租司機一百元作為酬勞。(reward; wallet; wh

4、o）_3. 按給出的中文意思，用括號所給的英語或句式提醒，翻譯句子。我高度評價那些為夢想而努力的同學。(those; 定語從句 )_4. 根據(jù)括號的提示或要求，將下列句子翻譯成英語。假設(shè)你的朋友找了一個你不喜歡的男朋友或女朋友， 你會對你朋友說出你真實的感受嗎？ (Suppose)_二、語法填空（本大題共3 小題，共 45.0分）5. 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)娜荩? 個單詞）或括號單詞的正確形式（不多于 3 個單詞）。（請將答案寫在答題卡上）Diet andway of lifeare oftena problem forteenagers.However,if you eatthe

5、right food and exercise (1) (regular), you can feel better, lookbetter and have more energy. So healthy eating along(2)regularexercise is probably the only way to become fit.As a teenager, it is important to give your body the energy(3)needs.For a healthydiet,you shouldeatmostly rice,bread,vegetable

6、sand fruit.You also need to drink a lot of water. (4)(drink) enough water willimprove your skin and give you healthy hair.Exerciseissomething (5)canhelp to make you lookgood, feelgood andbe healthy. Teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes exercising, fivetimes a week. Walking and riding your bike

7、 count, and(6)do schoolsports. When you exercise, your body produces (7)(chemical) that makeyou feel peaceful and(8) (relax) and increase your ability toconcentratewhen you study.A good amount ofsleepeverynight (9)(be)also important for yourhealth. Teenagers need eight toten hours of sleepeach night

8、.第2頁，共 18頁.If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feelmuch(10)(good) in no time at all!（ 1）（ 2）（ 3）（ 4）（ 5）（ 6）（ 7）（ 8）（ 9）（ 10）6. Im not sure(1)is more frightened， me or the female gorilla（大猩猩）thatsuddenlyappears outofnowhere Im walking on a path intheforestin the Central African Re

9、public Unexpectedly， Im face to face withthe gorilla， who begins screaming at(2) top of her lungs That makesher baby scream， and then a 400 pound male appears He screamsthe(3)（loud） of all The noise shakes the trees as the male beatshischest and charges towardme Iquicklylower myself ， duckingmy head

10、to avoid (4)（ look ） directly into his eyes so he doesn tfeel(5)（ challenge ）My name is Mireya Mayor Im a(6)（ science） who studiesanimalssuch as apes and monkeys Iwas searching(7)thesethreewesternlowlandgorillas Id been observing No one had seen them for hours， and mycolleagues and I were worriedWhe

11、n the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just glad tofind(8)（ they ）alive True togorilla s unaggressive nature， thehugeanimal(9)（ mean）no realharm He was justsaying： Im kingofthisforest， and here is your reminder! Once his message was delivered， heallowed me(10)（stay ） and watch _7.閱讀下面的短文，

12、 按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求， 在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。Nearly 800 new pupils ofLianhua Elementary School in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, is reported (1) (receive) a unique gift: an admissionletter(2)their names are written by teachers using Chinese.writing brush. (3) (similar), Nanjing Normal University ha

13、s beensending their freshmen calligraphy（書法） admission for eleven years.Several former professors in(4)70s take about a week writing morethan 4,500 admission letters every year.It is believed in China that“ handwriting is the man,”(5)(mean)good handwritingcan notonlycultivateonestemperament(氣質(zhì)),butc

14、analsoreflectones literacyand character.At present,(6)(tradition)calligraphy has again become a compulsory lesson in many Chinese primaryand middle schools, which aims (7)(improve) students culturalcompetence （能力） . At the same time, parents are attaching greatimportance(8)childrenscalligraphypracti

15、ce.It isfairtosaythatcalligraphyis notleftoutintoday sfast -pacedsociety;(9),its incomparable value is standing out.The charm of Chinese culture embodied in calligraphy can always strike achord with（引起共鳴） writers and(10) (view). Do you have anyinterest in learning it?三、單選題（本大題共26 小題，共26.0 分）8. With

16、his attention _on the computer games, he failed in the exam,_made his parents disappointed.A.C.concentrating, whichconcentrated, whichB.D.concentrating, thatconcentrated, as9. _ is known to us, the dragon stands for China _the bear symbolizes Russia.A. It; butB. As; whileC.What; whileD. It; when10.S

17、he said that the building would be finished byOctober, _ I doubtvery much.A. whoB. whenC. thatD. which11.I disagree with the facts _ your argument is basedA. thatB. whichC. whoseD. on which12.The story happened on a day _the weather was wet and cold.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. who13. You should have kn

18、own waiting for you in the rain _ more than onestudent, along with the only one of the teachers who _ to take part in the concert.A. are, isB. was, wasC. were, wasD. was, were14.Is this chicken farm _we visited three years ago?A. in whichB. whereC. the oneD. /第4頁，共 18頁.15._ isknown tous all thatthe

19、oldscientist,for _ lifewas hardin the past, still works hard in his eighties.A. As; whoseB. It; whoseC. As; whomD. It; whom16.The Chinese general said in an interview that the PLA would do all _they can to protect every inch of our territory (領(lǐng)土 ).A. whichB. thatC. whoD. as17.Generally,peoplewith pl

20、anscan catch chances more easily than_ whodont get prepared in advance.A. onesB. theseC. someD. those18.A football fan（球迷） is _ has a strong interest in football.A. a thing thatB. something thatC. a person whoD. what19. The farm _ we see today is no longer the one _ it was ten years ago.A. which; wh

21、ichB. where; thatC. where; whatD. that; that20. Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when21.There is a tall tree outside, _ stands our teacher.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. in which22.What can guaranteethe stabilityofthe Chines

22、e economy arethe two factors:the increase of investment abroadand the response oftheconsumer market,_ have worked well so far.A. either of whichB. all of whomC. both of whichD. each of whom23. Never before _ such a thrilling game _ you can experience life-and-death events one after another.A. have I

23、 played; thatB. had I played; thatC. had I played; whereD. have I played; where24.She doesnt like _ he says to his parents.A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which25. It is reported that a number of buildings, _ are being built in my hometown, will be finished next year.A. that of s

24、omeB.which someC. some of themD. some of which26.He advisedfarmerstochoose thebestseed-heads,_ that had thebestcolour.A. thatB. onesC. thoseD. one27.PresidentXi s visitto the UK createsa win-winsituation,_ bothChinaand the UK will benefit a lot in economic and social development.A. one whereB. oneC.

25、 whichD. the one in which28.Mr. Whiteis a kindand selflessprofessor, _ cares more for othersthan for himself.A. the oneB. the one whoC. one whoD. one29. The Literature Salon creates a platform _many literature lovers think can provide a chance for them to share their thoughts.A. whereB. whichC. what

26、D. who30.A number of audiencewere presentin the registrationcenterin the morning,the number of _ was 300; _, the host had forgottento arrangetemporary accommodations.A.C.who; thereforewhat; besidesB.D.whom; neverthelesswhich; rather31.We will call on the man_ we think can speak very good English.A.

27、whoB. whomC. whatD. which32. Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children_some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.A. whyB.whichC. whoD. where33. The law must be strictlyobservedand _ breaks itshall be punished.A. thoseB.anyone whoC. anyoneD. those who第6頁，共 18

28、頁.答案和解析1. 【答案】 (1)the stranger；who；主語；這是昨天幫助我們的陌生人。(2)the boy； whom；（ praise的）賓語；老師經(jīng)常表揚的那個男孩是他們的班長。(3)fruit trees； which ；主語；曾經(jīng)只在中國種植的果樹在世界許多地方都可以見到。(4)the gold medal ； which ；（ won的）賓語；她曾經(jīng)獲得的金牌已經(jīng)被送給她的母校了。(5)the woman ； that ；（ about 的）賓語；我在報紙上讀到的那個女人剛剛奪得一枚金牌。(6)the report； that ；主語；由特納先生遞交的報告是關(guān)于摩托車

29、比賽的。(7)theperson ；whose；（ company 的）定語；我認識那個人， 他的公司生產(chǎn)計算機。(8)the house ； whose；（ window 的）定語；我曾經(jīng)住在那個窗子比一般窗戶大很多的房子里。【解析】(1) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是 the stranger ，關(guān)系代詞是 who，在從句中作主語。故填：the stranger ；who；主語；這是昨天幫助我們的陌生人。(2) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是 the boy ，關(guān)系代詞是 whom，在從句中作賓語。故填： the boy ；whom；（ praise 的）賓語；老師經(jīng)常表揚的那個男孩是他們的班長

30、。(3) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是fruit trees，關(guān)系代詞是 which ，在從句中作主語。故填： fruit trees；which ；主語；曾經(jīng)只在中國種植的果樹在世界許多地方都可以見到。(4) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是the gold medal，關(guān)系代詞是 which ，在從句中作賓語。故填： the gold medal； which ；（ won 的）賓語；她曾經(jīng)獲得的金牌已經(jīng)被送給她的母校了。.(5) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是 the woman，關(guān)系代詞是 that ，在從句中作賓語。故填： the woman；that ；（ about 的）賓語；我在報紙上讀到

31、的那個女人剛剛奪得一枚金牌。(6) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是 the report ，關(guān)系代詞是 that ，在從句中作主語。故填： the report ；that ；主語；由特納先生遞交的報告是關(guān)于摩托車比賽的。(7) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是 the person ，關(guān)系代詞是 whose，在從句中作定語。故填： the person ；whose；（ company的）定語；我認識那個人，他的公司生產(chǎn)計算機。(8) 分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知先行詞是 the house ，關(guān)系代詞是 whose，在從句中作定語。故填： the house；whose；（ window 的）定語；我曾經(jīng)住在

32、那個窗子比一般窗戶大很多的房子里。2. 【答案】 John wanted to give 100 yuan as a reward to the taxi driver who hadfound his wallet.【解析】want to do sth.想要做某事，動詞短語；give sb. sth.給某人某物，動詞短語，在這里用不定式作want 的賓語； as a reward作為回報，介詞短語；who had found his wallet.撿到他錢包的，限制性定語從句，who在定語從句中充當主語，表示人，出租司機the taxidriver是被修飾的部分，也就是先行詞，故譯為ohn

33、wanted to give 100 yuan as a reward to the taxidriver who had found his wallet。3. 【答案】 I think highly of those who work hard to achieve their dreams (fortheir dreams).【解析】第8頁，共 18頁.分析句意， 此句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。 我 I ，主格，高度評價 .thinkhighlyof.，those 那些，指示代詞，后面接限制性定語從句，先行詞those ，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who，努力 work hard ，固定短語，實現(xiàn)他們的夢想

34、achievetheirdreams （achieve for theirdreams），固定短語。故答案是I thinkhighly of those who work hard to achieve their dreams (for theirdreams) 。4. 【答案】 Supposed your best friendhas a new boy/girlfriendwho you dontlike.Would you tell your friend how you feel?【解析】根據(jù)漢語意思可知，假設(shè)suppose；后面加一個賓語從句， your best friendha

35、s a new boy/girlfriend；接了一個定語從句who 有 dont like；你真實的感受 how 有 feel ，故譯為 Supposed your best friend has a newboy/girlfriendwho you dontlike.Would you tellyour friendhow youfeel?5. 【答案】 1.regularly2.with3.it4.Drinking5.that6.so7.chemicals8.relaxed9.is10.better.【解析】1. 考查單詞成分。句意：如果你能吃正確的食物并且有規(guī)律地運動。此處修飾動詞，應(yīng)

36、用副詞形式。故填 regularly 。2. 考查固定搭配。句意：所以健康的飲食和規(guī)律的鍛煉可能是身體健康的唯一途徑?！?along with ：與.，同.一道“為固定搭配。故填with 。3. 考查指示代詞。句意：給身體提供所需的能量是很重要的。此處為一個定語從句，引導詞 that 在從句中作賓語可以省略，句子缺乏主語，用 it 代指前面提到的 your body 。故填 it 。4. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：飲用足量的水可以提高你的膚質(zhì)并且給你健康的頭發(fā)。此處用動名詞短語做主語。故填 Drinking 。5. 考查定語從句引導詞的選擇。句意：運動可以幫助你看起來很好，感覺良好，身體健康。在定

37、語從句中，若先行詞為不定代詞，應(yīng)使用引導詞that 。故填 that 。6. 考查固定搭配。句意：步行和騎自行車計數(shù)，學校體育也是如此。so+助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 /be 動詞 +名詞 / 代詞，表示 .也一樣。此處表示校園運動也和散步和騎自行車一樣有助于身體健康。故填so。7. 考查名詞形式。句意：你的身體生產(chǎn)出化學物質(zhì)。根據(jù)句意，可知應(yīng)該用復數(shù)形式。故填 chemicals 。8. 考查動詞形式。 句意：放松，提高你學習的能力。 此處描述人的主觀感受，應(yīng)使用 -ed 形式。故填 relaxed 。第 10頁，共 18頁.9. 考查主謂一致。句意：每天晚上大量的睡眠對你的健康也很重要。主語是

38、sleep ，為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)，文章時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故填 is 。10. 考查形容詞比較級。句意：如果你遵循上面的建議，你將在任何時候看起來和感覺很好。 much修飾比較級。故填 better 。6. 【答案】 【小題 1】which【小題 2】the【小題 3】loudest【小題 4】looking【小題 5】challenged【小題 6】scientist【小題 7】for【小題 8】them【小題 9】meant【小題 10】to stay.【解析】此處表示我不確定哪一個更加害怕。考查賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示 哪一個 。故填 which 。at the

39、top of固定短語，在 .的頂端。故填 the ?？疾樽罡呒?，后面有表示圍的詞of all，所以用最高級。故填loudest。avoid doing sth.固定短語，避免做某事。故填looking 。feel后面加形容詞，作表語，表示 被挑戰(zhàn)的 ，所以用過去分詞。故填challenged 。考查名詞，后跟定語從句，關(guān)系詞用 who，所以先行詞為人。 故填 scientist。search for固定短語，尋找。故填for 。find后面用人稱代詞賓格，作賓語，故填them。第 12頁，共 18頁.根據(jù)前后句可知，描述過去的事情，所以用一般過去時態(tài)。故填meant。allow sb. to

40、do sth.固定句型，允許某人做某事。故填to stay。7. 【答案】 1.to have received2.where3.Similarly4.their5.meaning6.traditional7.to improve8.to9.instead10.viewers【解析】略8. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：所有的注意力都放在了電腦游戲上，他考試沒能及格；這讓他的父母非常失望。 with+ 賓語 +賓語補足語 ,由句子成分分析可知，這里的concentrate和 his attention之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞 concentrated;他因玩游戲而考試不及格這件事讓父母非常失望

41、，可知，前面整個主句做了后面句子的主語，在非限制性定語從句中， 整個主句做主語放前面， 用 which;故選 C。9. 【答案】 B【解析】句意：眾所周知，龍代表中國，而熊象征俄羅斯?？疾閍s 引導的非限制性定語從句，指代后面整句話容，while 表對比，故選 B。.10. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：她說，這棟建筑將在10 月前完工，我對此表示懷疑。which 引導非限制性定語從句，代指前面句子的容，從句中缺少賓語，只能用關(guān)系代詞，而that不能引導非限制性定語從句，who只能指人， when是關(guān)系副詞，故選 D。11. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：我不同意你的論點所基于的論據(jù)。本句是介詞 +w

42、hich 構(gòu)成的定語從句， be based on 以 為基礎(chǔ)，固定搭配。故選D。12. 【答案】 A【解析】考察定語從句，句意：故事發(fā)生在天氣潮濕寒冷的一天。定語從句，先行詞為 a day ，在從句中做時間狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when。故選 A。13. 【答案】 B【解析】本句意為“你本應(yīng)該知道不止一個學生和老師在雨中等著你。”首先，這個句子是個虛擬語氣。 “你本應(yīng)該知道 ” 其實你不知道， 是對過去的虛擬。其次，從句部分是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，如果不倒裝就是：More than one student,together with all the teachers, was waiting for you

43、 in the rain.主語為 more than one student；第二空 one 前面有 the only等詞修飾，則one of the teachers的語義重心轉(zhuǎn)移到了one 上面， one 就成了先行詞，相應(yīng)地， who的謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故選B。14. 【答案】 C【解析】第 14頁，共 18頁.句意為：這是我們?nèi)昵皡⒂^過的雞場嗎？這是一個定語從句，且從句中缺少 visited的賓語，用 the one 代替，然后省略了that 或者 which ；A 和 B都是做狀語。故選C。15. 【答案】 D【解析】從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看第一個從句應(yīng)該是主語從句，分析成分，知從句中缺主語，而既能作主語又能引導主語從句的是what,所以答案為 D 項。第二個從句為whom引導的定語從句，還原后應(yīng)為lifewas hard in the past for theoldscientist,不能用 whose。故選 D。