英國歷史對英國旅游業(yè)的影響

1、分類號 單位代碼 密 級 學 號 本科畢業(yè)論文（設計）題 目The Influence of British Historical Development on British Tourism論英國歷史發(fā)展對英國旅游業(yè)的影響作 者王佩云院 (系)專業(yè)班級學 號指導教師答辯日期年 月 日西安文理學院畢業(yè)論文（設計）誠信責任書本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的畢業(yè)論文（設計），是本人在導師的指導下獨立進行研究所取得的成果。畢業(yè)論文（設計）中凡引用他人已經發(fā)表或未發(fā)表的成果、數(shù)據、觀點等，均已明確注明出處。盡我所知，除文中已經注明引用的內容外，本論文不包含任何其他個人或集體已經公開發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果。對本文

2、的研究做出重要貢獻的個人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標明。本人畢業(yè)論文（設計）與資料若有不實，愿意承擔一切相關的法律責任。 論文作者簽名: 年 月 日AbstractAfter the industrial revolution, Britain became the most powerful country in the world. British had been tired of the great work pressure and was eager to escape from the noisy city and started a comfortable life. Wit

3、h the development of the historical culture, the tourism of the UK became more and more welcome. In addition to the traditional elegant holiday form of aristocracy, affluent middle class, government officials, works at the grass-roots level and citizens have joined. The population of tourism was bec

4、oming more and more, as a result, the tourist class was growing. The worlds first travel agency, ThomasCook, was born in England, which had made the originally scattered, spontaneous, individual private tourism activities become an organized, social behavior, and became an economic and cultural unde

5、rtakings. In the past, Britain used to spread British culture to many countries and regions around the world through colonization, at the same time, it also brought back British civilization from all over the world, which made Britain become a world-class tourist destination that has rich internatio

6、nal elements and historial resources with local characteristics. Obviously, the development of British history has a great influence on British tourism,which can provide some reference to our country about how to protect our culture during exploiting the tourism. This thesis will introduce how Briti

7、sh history impacted the British tourism, and make a summary about the development of our countrys tourism. Key words: British historical development;British tourism;influenceIV摘 要工業(yè)革命之后，英國變成了世界上最強大的國家。而英國人也已經厭倦了這種頂著巨大工作壓力的生活狀態(tài)，并且十分渴望逃離這個城市的喧囂并且去開始一種新的輕松的生活。隨著英國歷史文化的不斷發(fā)展，英國的旅游業(yè)開始變得越來越流行起來。除傳統(tǒng)的貴族階層的優(yōu)雅

8、度假形式，富裕的中產階級、政府官員、基層工人和普通市民也紛紛加入，旅游人數(shù)劇增，旅游階層日益擴大，1841年世界上第一家旅行社ThomasCook在英國誕生，使原先分散、自發(fā)、單個的私人旅游活動發(fā)展為有組織、社會化的行為，繼而成為一項經濟、文化性事業(yè)。昔日的英國曾通過殖民的方式將英倫文化傳播到全球許多國家和地區(qū)，同時也把世界各地的文明掠回英倫，這使得英國有著豐富的國際元素及本土特色的歷史文化資源，成為世界級旅游目的地。很明顯，英國歷史的發(fā)展無疑對英國旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展有巨大的影響。這將能夠對我們國家在開發(fā)旅游業(yè)的同時寶保護本國文化有一定的借鑒意義。這篇論文將通過介紹英國歷史如何影響英國的旅游業(yè)來總結

9、我們本國旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的一些問題及對策。關鍵詞：英國歷史的發(fā)展；英國旅游業(yè)；影響Contents1Introduction.1. 2. The generation and development process of tourism in Britain.1. 2.1 The development of tourism in Britain.1. 2.2 The present conditions of the British tourism. 1.3.The development process and features of British history.2 3.1 The deve

10、lopment of British history.2 3.2 The features of the British history.24.The influence of British history on British tourism.3 4.1 The influence on destination choice of British people.3 4.1.1Rural tourism.4 4.1.2Tourist attractions.4 4.1.3Museum tour.6 4.2 The influence on tourism habit of British p

11、eople.6 4.3 The influence on travel expense of British people. 6 4.3.1 Travel expenses as a percentage of total revenue.6 4.3.2Travel costs as a percentage of total consumption. 75. Conclusion.7References.8Acknowledgement.91. IntroductionBritain is the first country that is industrialized and urbani

12、zed in the world. As the cradle of the industrial revolution, Britain was once the most powerful country in the world. British who was under the great pressure eager to put aside the cold machine, factories that was full of air pollution and back into the embrace of nature, so the leisure tourism be

13、came more and more popular. In the past, Britain used to spread British culture to many countries and regions of the world by the way of colonization, at the same time, it has brought the civilization of all over the world, which made Britain become a world-class tourist destination with rich intern

14、ational elements and historical cultural resources in local characteristics. With the rapid development of tourism, the national image of Britain has been improved constantly. While promoting national brands, national self-confidence and cultural pride have been strengthened.2. The generation and de

15、velopment process of tourism in BritainWith the material wealth becoming more and more rich in Britain, British desire for high-quality spiritual life has become stronger and stronger since the 19th century. Thomas Cook who seized the opportunity created the first travel agency in the world. That th

16、e first travel agency appeared in the UK as a result of the interaction of various internal factors and external condition marked the birth of modern tourism. 2.1 The development of tourism in BritainAs a matter of fact, Britain itself has rich resources of tourism, which include endless zigzag coas

17、tline, many natural bays and beaches and the seashore. The scenery is beautiful. Britain is belong to the temperate marine climate, whose winter is warm and summer is cool,and there has less sunshine and much rain. A rainy and foggy climate is good for the growth of grazing. The island is full of gr

18、een plants and colorful scenery and is called “emerald”. Although the size of the United Kingdom is not large, it include many kinds of landform, for example, high mountain and glaciers valleys. The stratum of all eras have produced numerous and lakes in Britain. Many lakes on the land interlaced to

19、gether, forming a magnificent scene.2.2 The present conditions of the British tourismThe enterprise in Britain that are occupied in tourism are more than 2000,000, which contributes 52 billion pounds directly to British gross domestic product each year. Tourism practitioners add up to 1.36 million,

20、which occupies 4.4% in national employed populations. Tourism in Britain has a great contribution, 90 billion pounds, to the UKs gross domestic product each year. When combined with domestic tourism, the industry is worth UK 115 billion a year and employs 2.6 million people - on both measurements th

21、at accounts for around 9% of the UK economy.Overseas visitors spend around 18 billion a year in this country and they contribute more than 3billion in tax and duty to the Exchequer.3. The development process and features of British historyThe United Kingdom is called the United Kingdom of Great Brit

22、ain and Northern Ireland. It is composed of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The history of the United Kingdom is also composed of the history of these four regions.3.1 The development of British history In 1553, Wales became a part of England. The battle of Glavolinne defeated the Spa

23、nish Armada, which had struck the invasion of foreign Catholic force and eliminated the threat of Catholicism basically, at the same time, it had consolidated the achievements of religious reform in 1588. Britain was the first country in the world who broke out the bourgeois revolution in 1640, and

24、became the pioneer of the bourgeois revolution. The republic was proclaimed on May 19, 1649. The restoration of the dynasty took place in 1660 and the “glorious revolution” in 1688 established the constitutional monarchy. In 1707, England and Scotland merged which had laid the foundation of the empi

25、re on which the sun never sets through seven-years war and gained the hegemony of the sea. It merged with Ireland in 1801. After the Napoleonic wars, Britain complete its empire and became the first country in the world who had completed the industrial revolution from the second half of the 18th cen

26、tury to the first half of the 19th century.The British empire was in the heyday during the 19th century. The colonies occupied by the British empire were 111 times larger than the mainland.3.2 the features of the British historyThe development of Britain, by contrast, was belong to a zigzag and leng

27、thy process. It included the war with France and the civil war. The war between France and England lasted from 1337 to 1453 ,during which there was the famous Black Death. The cause of the war were partly territorial and partly economic.Black Death killed one half of the population of England. The n

28、ame Wars of the Roses was refer to the battles between the House of Lancaster, symbolized by the red rose, and that of York, symbolized by the white, from 1455 to 1485. On August 22,1458, the last battle of the War of Roses was between Richard III and Henry Todur Real religious change came in Henry

29、VIIIs son, Edwards time. People call his switch to Protestant theology “The Reformation”.Renaissance was the transitional period between the middle ages and the modern times, covering the years 1350 to 1650. Began in northern Italy in the early 14th century. It saw the challenge of supremacy of the

30、Roman Catholic Church by Reformation , the rise of Humanism ,the growth of large nation-states ,the far-ranging voyages of exploration and a new emphasis on the importance of individual.On August 22,1642 ,in a field near Nottingham , King Charles bade all his supporters to join him ,thus the First C

31、ivil War began (1642-1646). Charles was condemned to death and Cromwell became the most powerful man in England. It is also called the Puritan Revolution, because the kings opponents were mainly Puritans. In 1688,William of Orange landed at Torbay and marched upon London. This takeover was smooth, w

32、ith neither bloodshed ,nor any execution of the king, which became known as The Glorious Revolution. William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights(1689). The age of constitutional monarchy began.4. The influence of British history on British tourismBritain laid a solid economic foundation through ear

33、ly colonial plunder and became the first country in the world who carried out the industrial revolution. With the development of economy, the culture industry also developed. Tourism, in particular, has become a favorite leisure activity. British tourism was developed under this background of histor

34、y. 4.1 The influence on destination choice of British peopleAfter the industrial revolution, the British economy developed rapidly. Changes in various modes of transportation have brought convenience to people. In this period, British people generally had a high standard of living and convenient tra

35、nsportation. Many people would choose to travel to various places.4.1.1 Rural tourism Many British farmers show their agricultural activities to tourists, for example, sheep shearing and sheepdog training, and allow them to participate. Some city residents even rent farmland in the countryside. Tour

36、ists go to the British countryside in order to visit the animal and poultry feeding, fruit picking, autumn harvest, fishing and production, and experience the rural scenery and local customs of the British countryside. Each village in Britain, according to their own resources, characteristics and lo

37、cal conditions, held a variety of rural fairs or entertainment and other leisure activities. Many country fairs hold contests and demonstrations, such as the roundest tomatoes, greenest cucumbers and the most balanced green peppers. There are also playgrounds for children. Recreational activities in

38、 the northern countryside are often combined with mountain sports, such as hill-climbing competitions. British villages often use country fairs and other distinctive products to meet the consumer demand of tourists. They range from farm produce and by-products to hand-woven handicrafts and souvenirs

39、. Most tourists prefer to buy the products processed in rural areas directly. The sales revenue of tourism commodities is one of the most important sources of rural tourism revenue in Britain.B&B inns can be found everywhere in Britain, especially in the countryside. The B&B inn, run by the local pe

40、ople themselves, has become a feature of Britain. Shakespeares cottage is the famous B&B inn in rural buckinghamshire. The B&B inn is convenient and relatively inexpensive, and offers a second days breakfast, complete with milk, bread, butter and juice, without the bacon and smoked fish that are ess

41、ential for a traditional English breakfast. British villages often use country fairs and other distinctive products to meet the consumer demand of tourists. They range from farm produce and by-products to hand-woven handicrafts and souvenirs. Most tourists prefer to buy the products processed in rur

42、al areas directly. The sales revenue of tourism commodities is one of the important sources of rural tourism revenue in Britain.4.1.2 Tourist attractionBuckingham Palace (Buckingham Palace)is belong to British royal Palace, which was built in the city of Westminster. The palace is a four -floor squa

43、re around the court building, house ceremony hall, concert hall, banquet halls, galleries, and so on. It has more than six hundred rooms. Square in front of the house has a statue standing on a marble bench high, glittering. Outside the front door gorgeous, fence golden decoration dignified solemn,

44、thick iron relief create with palace very harmonious atmosphere. Inside the wall, you can see the famous ss soldiers stood still. Around the vast imperial garden, for the typical British style garden. Buckingham Palace was built in 1703, the first called Buckingham house, which means others. In 1762

45、, the royal family to buy, and constantly to be modified or added, in the end formed the tonal differ, design a variety of patch palace.When the queen live in the palace, the royal flag will be hoisted in the middle of the palace. The London Eye, also known as The millennium wheel, is The first and

46、once The worlds largest observation wheel. The London eye is one of the most popular attractions in London. It stands on the Banks of the Thames in belance, facing the palace of Westminster and Big Ben. The London eye is now the third largest wheel in the world, and is a London landmark. It was hail

47、ed as a mathematical marvel. According to engineers, the amount of computing power needed to build the wheel that is greater than the worlds largest and the most complex building. The 1,600-ton eye, built on a platform. Sitting grandly on the banks of the Thames is Tate Modern, Britains national mus

48、eum of modern and contemporary art. Its unique shape is due to it previously being a power station. Inside youll find temporary exhibitions by top artists from Damien Hist to Gauguin. The gallerys restaurants offer fabulous views across the city. The tower of London was built in 1078 by William, the

49、 conqueror, who want to suppress the local people and protect the city of London. It lasted for 20 years and was regarded as a classic castle in the middle ages of England. In the 13th century, 13 towers were added to form an arched acropolis, making the tower of London not only a solid barracks cas

50、tle, but also a magnificent palace. There were observatory, prison, church, execution ground, zoo, small dock and other small buildings inside. The most important and oldest building in the tower of London is the Normandy tower, it is in the center of the fortress. It is the main part of the whole b

51、uilding complex. The tower of London is of great significance in the British royal palace. As a heavily guarded fortress and palace, it has been the residence of generations of British Kings. It has become a custom to live in the tower of London before the coronation of Kings. Westminster Abbey, loc

52、ated on the north bank of the Thames in London, was originally a benedictine monastery. It was built in 960, expanded in 1045, completed in 1065, and rebuilt from 1220 to 1517. Before the church of England broke with the holy see in 1540, it was the church of Benedict, one of the Catholic priory. Af

53、ter 1540, it was the national Anglican church in London. The original meaning of Westminster is the western cathedral. The church got its name because it is in the west of the city of London. There is a church that has stood since the 7th century AD, built by Cabot, king of the eastern saxons. Westm

54、inster Abbey is on the site of Westminster Abbey in London. At the time, it was supposed to be on Tony island. The island has now disappeared because it merged with the shoreline as the river Thames narrowed. The church seems to have been built on the advice of st Peter, who is said to have appeared at the canonization of the first bishop, merytus. The process of the conquest of England by William the Norman conqueror in the 11th century is vividly and in detail recorded in the bayer colour map. Legend for queen William matilda weaving, painting a total of 1152 people and 72 scenes