【課件】Unit 1 language point(1) 同步課件【人教版（2019）英語高二上冊選擇性必修第二冊

1、 To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems om a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science. - Alber Einstein & Leopold InfeldJOHN SNOW DEFEATS JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “ KING CHOLERA”“ KING CHOLERA” 人教2020 選擇性必修二 Language pointsLanguage points1. What

2、was What was the most feared disease the most feared disease on the Oregon Trail?on the Oregon Trail?The most feared diseaseThe most feared disease on the Oregon Trail on the Oregon Trail ( (俄勒俄勒岡小徑）岡小徑）was cholerawas cholera， Typhoid fever Typhoid fever （傷寒癥）（傷寒癥）and and dysenterydysentery（痢疾）（痢疾）

3、were also feared diseases, but were also feared diseases, but cholera was the biggest killer.cholera was the biggest killer.Cholera used to be one of the mostCholera used to be one of the most feared feared diseases in the diseases in the world.world.fear : n/vt (c/u) fear : n/vt (c/u) 害怕，擔(dān)憂害怕，擔(dān)憂 -

4、adj. - adj. 擔(dān)憂的，嚇人的，極糟的擔(dān)憂的，嚇人的，極糟的_ -adj. _ -adj. 不怕的，無畏的不怕的，無畏的_with fear with fear 害怕地害怕地 fear of sb/sth fear of sb/sth 害怕害怕. fear for . fear for sb/sth sb/sth 擔(dān)憂擔(dān)憂for fear of./ for fear that. for fear of./ for fear that. 唯恐，唯恐， 以免以免.fear sb/ sth fear sb/ sth 害怕害怕/ / 擔(dān)憂擔(dān)憂fear to do/ doing fear to

5、do/ doing 不敢做某事不敢做某事fear for sb/ sth fear for sb/ sth 擔(dān)憂擔(dān)憂fearfulfearfulfearlessfearless2. die from: 2. die from: 死于死于.(.(某種外部原因）某種外部原因） an earthquake a traffic accident a lightning drinking an earthquake a traffic accident a lightning drinking lack of foodlack of food die of: die of: 死于死于.(.(某種內(nèi)在原因

6、）某種內(nèi)在原因） illness a heart trouble hunger /starvation cold illness a heart trouble hunger /starvation cold anger/ griefanger/ grief die die / / lung cancer lung cancer 海綿寶寶之父死于漸凍癥。海綿寶寶之父死于漸凍癥。櫻桃小丸子原作者櫻桃子因乳腺癌搶救無效在日本病逝。櫻桃小丸子原作者櫻桃子因乳腺癌搶救無效在日本病逝。SpongeBob SquarePants creator Stephen Hillenburg has SpongeB

7、ob SquarePants creator Stephen Hillenburg has dieddied at 57 at 57 from from ALS. . Fans are mourning the loss of the SquarePants Creator who ALS. . Fans are mourning the loss of the SquarePants Creator who died died ofof ALS. ALS.The Japan News Manga artist Momoko Sakura, author of the famous manga

8、 The Japan News Manga artist Momoko Sakura, author of the famous manga series “Chibi Marukochan,” series “Chibi Marukochan,” died ofdied of breast cancer on Aug. breast cancer on Aug.Sakura passed away on August15 Sakura passed away on August15 from breast cancerfrom breast cancer. .( (聲音，風(fēng)，光）逐漸消失聲音

9、，風(fēng)，光）逐漸消失逐漸變?nèi)?，逐漸平息逐漸變?nèi)酰饾u平息相繼死去相繼死去滅絕，消失滅絕，消失渴望（做）某事渴望（做）某事英勇就義英勇就義die away die away die downdie downdie offdie offdie outdie outbe dying for/ to do be dying for/ to do sthsthdie a heroic deathdie a heroic death3. 3. severe adj. severe adj. - severely adv. - n. - severely adv. - n. severityseverity(

10、1) so serious; so bad (人、紀(jì)律）嚴(yán)厲的，人、紀(jì)律）嚴(yán)厲的， 嚴(yán)格的嚴(yán)格的 I think you are too severe on the boy.His severe looks frightened me.(2) very harmful or painful (疼痛）劇烈的疼痛）劇烈的He has a severe pain in his leg.(3)be severe with/on: be strict with 對對要求嚴(yán)格要求嚴(yán)格He is severe with himself.4. As a young doctor, Jonh Snow beca

11、me frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.frustratefrustrate : vt. : vt. to make sb feel annoyed or impatient because they cannot do to make sb feel annoyed or impatient because they cannot do or or achieve what they want. achieve what they want. 使沮喪，使沮喪， 使懊惱使懊惱 to prevent sb

12、 from doing sth; to prevent sth from to prevent sb from doing sth; to prevent sth from happening or happening or succeeding succeeding 阻止，阻止， 防止防止frustrated : adj. frustrated : adj. 懊惱的，懊惱的， 沮喪的，失意的，沒有得到滿足的沮喪的，失意的，沒有得到滿足的frustrating: adj. frustrating: adj. 令人沮喪的，令人沮喪的， 令人懊惱的令人懊惱的- - frustratingly ad

13、v.frustratingly adv.frustration: n. (U) frustration: n. (U) 沮喪；沮喪； 受挫受挫 ； （C C） 令人沮喪的事物令人沮喪的事物frustrate sb/ sth frustrate sb/ sth 使沮喪使沮喪/ / 使受挫使受挫get frustratedget frustratedbe /feel frustrated at/ with sthbe /feel frustrated at/ with sthdifficulties and frustrationsdifficulties and frustrations5. I

14、n general, doctors in those days had two 5. In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.theories to explain how cholera spread.contradictory: adj. contradictory: adj. 互相矛盾的，互相矛盾的， 對立的，對立的， 不一致的不一致的 e.g. We are faced with two apparently

15、 contradictory e.g. We are faced with two apparently contradictory statements.statements.contradict : vt. contradict : vt. 反駁，駁斥反駁，駁斥 e.g. Youve just contradicted yourself.e.g. Youve just contradicted yourself. The two stories The two stories contradict each othercontradict each other. .contradictio

16、n: n. contradiction: n. （事實，看法，（事實，看法， 行動）不一致，矛盾；反行動）不一致，矛盾；反駁駁 e.g. There is a contradiction between the two stories. e.g. There is a contradiction between the two stories. His public speeches are His public speeches are in contradiction to in contradiction to his his personal personal lifestyle. l

17、ifestyle.6. infection: 感染，傳染 - infect vt. 使感染，傳染- infectious adj. 傳染的【課文原句】【課文原句】 Another was that cholera was caused by Another was that cholera was caused by an infection froman infection from germs in food or water.germs in food or water.have/ get / develop an infectionhave/ get / develop an infe

18、ctionspread /fight/ treat an infectoinspread /fight/ treat an infectoinbe infected with be infected with 感染上感染上1). Her optimism seemed_(infect) all those around her.1). Her optimism seemed_(infect) all those around her.2). The ward was full of children_(infect) with COVID-19.2). The ward was full of

19、 children_(infect) with COVID-19.3).Medical workers _(take) part in the program have gained 3).Medical workers _(take) part in the program have gained valuable experience in handling _(infect)diseases, boosting the valuable experience in handling _(infect)diseases, boosting the _(efficient) of the e

20、ntire medical system in future _(efficient) of the entire medical system in future pandemic-control efforts.pandemic-control efforts.to infectto infectinfectedinfectedtakingtakinginfectiousinfectiousefficiencyefficiency7. subscribe: vi. 認(rèn)購（股份），定期訂購，定期繳納 subscriber: n. 訂閱者 - subscription : n. 訂閱（費）su

21、bscribe subscribe totoa plan a plan 贊同一個計劃贊同一個計劃/ the view that./ the view that.a magazine a magazine 訂閱一本雜志訂閱一本雜志a subscriber a subscriber toto.8. proof : n. 證據(jù)， 證明， 檢驗; adj. 能防范的， 防.的have scientific proof have scientific proof 有科學(xué)證據(jù)有科學(xué)證據(jù)there is (strong) proof that shows. there is (strong) proof t

22、hat shows. 有證據(jù)有證據(jù)證明證明.Proof will accompany the truth and much will be laid before you.Proof will accompany the truth and much will be laid before you.in the absence of any other proofin the absence of any other proofThe car has child-proof locks inn the rear doors.The car has child-proof locks inn t

23、he rear doors.9. multiple : adj. 數(shù)量多的，多種多樣的 multiple choices multiply : vt. 乘，繁殖，增加- multiplication n. 乘法10. suspect: vt 10. suspect: vt 懷疑，認(rèn)為是；懷疑，認(rèn)為是；/n. /n. 嫌疑犯嫌疑犯 suspicion : n. suspicion : n. 懷疑懷疑 suspicious: suspicious: adj. adj. 感覺懷疑的感覺懷疑的 suspect sb/sth(= doubt) suspect sb/sth(= doubt) 懷疑某人懷疑

24、某人/ /某事某事 suspect sb suspect sb ofof sth/doing sth sth/doing sth 懷疑某人（做某事）懷疑某人（做某事） suspect sb to be suspect sb to be 懷疑某人是懷疑某人是 be suspicious of be suspicious of 懷疑懷疑e.g. I suspected their honesty. He had suspected her of lying for some time. I suspected him to have done it. Many were suspicious of

25、 reform.11. It seemed the water 11. It seemed the water was to blame. was to blame. sb. for (doing) st sb. for (doing) st sth upon / on sb sth upon / on sb：把：把責(zé)任歸于責(zé)任歸于 She d the failure of their marriage on him.She d the failure of their marriage on him.2).be to blame 2).be to blame I am to blame fo

26、r our losing the game.I am to blame for our losing the game. Its I who am to for our losing the game. Its I who am to for our losing the game.1).vt.責(zé)備責(zé)備, 譴責(zé)譴責(zé)3). has only got oneself to blame 怪某人自己e.g. If he fails the exam hes only got himself to blame.4). (N.) put/place/ lay the blame on sb for sth

27、 bear/ take the blame for sth（將某事）歸咎于某人（將某事）歸咎于某人（對某事）負(fù)責(zé)（對某事）負(fù)責(zé)I feel it is your husband who _for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame _ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D

28、. To be blamed12. handle: n/vt.1). N. 柄，把手；可乘之機柄，把手；可乘之機e.g. I turned the handle and opened the door. Dont let your conduct give any handle. 2). Vt. 處理，操作，觸摸處理，操作，觸摸 e.g. Customers are asked not to handle the goods in the shop. she asked me to handle the business for her. As an experienced governmen

29、t official, he know show to _such situations well. A. deal B. work out C. handle D. settle into13. intervention n. 13. intervention n. 介入，介入， 出面，出面， 干涉干涉 intervene v. intervene v. e.g. Wang Wenbin noted that China is determined to defend e.g. Wang Wenbin noted that China is determined to defend its

30、national sovereignty andits national sovereignty and territorial territorial integrity, integrity, opposeoppose anyany external external in in its its internalinternal affairs . Any affairs . Any action aiming toaction aiming to intervene intervene inin Chinas Chinas domestic domestic affairs will a

31、ffairs will be met forceful countermeasures.be met forceful countermeasures.The Minister intervened personlly to stop the museum The Minister intervened personlly to stop the museum _( close)._( close).部長親自干預(yù)以阻止博物館的關(guān)閉。部長親自干預(yù)以阻止博物館的關(guān)閉。being closedbeing closed14. link vt./vi 連接連接 n 聯(lián)系，紐帶聯(lián)系，紐帶These two

32、 cities were linked by a railway.1).link to/with/by (connectto/be related to/ be volved in be associated with, join. to.)把把與與連接起來連接起來 be linked to /with . 與與.有關(guān)有關(guān)there is a link between. and.I cant link my computer to the internet.Our economy is closely linked with Americas.2).link up (with)2).link

33、up (with) 與與.連接連接/結(jié)合結(jié)合 Well Well link up withlink up with the company. the company. The space shuttle will The space shuttle will link up withlink up with the space the space station this afternoon. station this afternoon.These pieces of information he collected _ to show who the thief was. A. joine

34、d to B. linked up C. connected to D. connected withJoin 指人或物直接接觸而結(jié)合。指人或物直接接觸而結(jié)合。(vt.)Connect 能過工具或媒介而結(jié)合能過工具或媒介而結(jié)合.(vt/I to/with)Link 像鎖環(huán)那樣環(huán)環(huán)相扣地連接，形成網(wǎng)絡(luò)。像鎖環(huán)那樣環(huán)環(huán)相扣地連接，形成網(wǎng)絡(luò)。15.raw：adj. 生的， 未熟的，未經(jīng)處理的， 原始的 raw meat/ judgement/ materials/ hand - How do you like your steak cooked? - Rare（一分熟牛排） Medium rare（

35、三分熟牛排） Medium（五分熟牛排） Medium well（七分熟牛排） Well done（全熟牛排） Its obvious that Sun Yiqiu is raw to his work.16. pure ： adj. 干凈的；純的；純粹的 purify: vt. 使純凈 17. substantial adj. 大量的;價值巨大的;重大的; 大而堅固的;結(jié)實的;牢固的 n. 本質(zhì);重要材料e.g. Substantial numbers of people support the reforms. He ate a substantial breakfast. a subst

36、antial house The West must back up its verbal support with substantial economic aid.18.statistic: n. (pl) 18.statistic: n. (pl) 統(tǒng)計數(shù)字統(tǒng)計數(shù)字; ; 統(tǒng)計資料統(tǒng)計資料; (U); (U)統(tǒng)計學(xué)統(tǒng)計學(xué); (; (一項一項) ) 統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù); ; e.g.Official e.g.Official statistics statistics show real wages declining by show real wages declining by 24%.

37、24%. The latest The latest statisticsstatistics are impressive. are impressive. The citys most shocking The citys most shocking statisticstatistic is its high is its high infant death rate.infant death rate.19. decrease: n. 19. decrease: n. 減少；降低；減少；降低； 減少量減少量 vt. &vi vt. &vi （使大小或數(shù)量等）減少；減（使大小或數(shù)量等）減

38、少；減??；降低小；降低 decrease sth.decrease sth. in sth. in sth. to to by + by + 數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字/ /百分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)on the decreaseon the decreasea decrease in/ to/ by.a decrease in/ to/ by. 【反義詞】【反義詞】increase : v./n. 增長，增長， 增加增加 increasingly : adv. 越來越，逐步地越來越，逐步地 減少產(chǎn)量減少產(chǎn)量減小規(guī)模減小規(guī)模減少到減少到900900人人減少減少4%4%The infant death rate has bee

39、n on the decrease since then.The infant death rate has been on the decrease since then.20. transform20. transform： vt. vt. 使改觀，使改觀， 使改變形態(tài)使改變形態(tài) vi. vi. 改變，轉(zhuǎn)變改變，轉(zhuǎn)變 transformation: n. transformation: n. （徹底的）改變或改觀（徹底的）改變或改觀 transformative: adj. transformative: adj. 起改造作用的起改造作用的; ;有改革能力的有改革能力的1). 1). Marriage has completely transformed her.Marriage has completely transformed her.2). A little paint will soon transform this old car.2). A little paint will soon transform this old car.The frog princeThe f