《翻譯理論與實踐》中南大學(xué)歷年考試

1、中南大學(xué)考試試卷 2005-2006學(xué)年一學(xué)期 時間120分鐘翻譯理論與實踐a卷課程64學(xué)時4學(xué)分 考試形式：閉卷 專業(yè)年級：英語系031.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班 總分100分，占總評成績70%【give your answers on answer sheet attached】i. alternative choice: 15 %1. there is a lot of luck in drilling for oil. the drill may just miss the oil although it is near. 譯文a：石油鉆探很大程度上要靠運氣。哪怕鉆機打到石油邊上，

2、也可能找不到石油。 譯文b：鉆探石油有很大的運氣，即使鉆機就在附近也有可能錯過石油。2i have no manners whatsoever. if i feel like it, i eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up-in other words, whichever is easiest.譯文a：事實上我沒有任何規(guī)矩，如果我覺得喜歡，我就用手指吃，或用罐頭吃，或站著吃換句話說，看那種吃法最容易。譯文b：我實在是一點規(guī)矩也沒有。只要覺得合適，我可用手抓著吃，直接拿著罐頭吃，或是站著吃：反正怎么省事就怎么吃。3. 過去的

3、一年全國人民團結(jié)奮斗，開拓進取，社會主義現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)取得重大成就。譯文a：in the past, the chinese people worked hard with a united and pioneering spirit, achieving great success in the drive for socialist modernization.譯文b：in the last year, the chinese people united and worked hard, pioneered and forged ahead, and made great achievemen

4、ts in the cause of chinas socialist modernization.4. 直到下半天，尋來尋去尋到山坳里，看見刺柴上掛著他的一只小鞋。大家都說，糟了，怕是遭了狼了！譯文a：not until that afternoon, after searched everywhere, did they find a small shoe of his hanging on the bramble. everybody said that it was too bad! he was likely to meet with a wolf! 譯文b：not until th

5、at afternoon, after trying anywhere possible in the mountains, did they find a small shoe of his hanging on the bramble. when seeing this, everybody there realized that something bad must have happened -he was killed by a wolf! 5. 農(nóng)民增加了對農(nóng)業(yè)的投資，這樣相對減少了國家對農(nóng)業(yè)的直接投資。譯文a：the peasants have increased their i

6、nvestment in agriculture. this has relatively reduced direct investment in agriculture by the state. 譯文b：increased peasant investment in agriculture means relatively less direct investment in agriculture by the state. ii. improve the following translations: 15%1. the shore line unobtrusively divided

7、 into low islands fringed with black lava boulders and overgrown with jungle and the grey-green water slips in between.譯文：河岸線不明顯地被劃分為低矮的小島，島的四周是巨大的黑色熔巖，島上叢林茂密，暗綠的河水緩流其間。2. 中華民族文化歷史悠久，起源很早，內(nèi)容極為豐富，是東方文明的主要組成部分，早在上古時期就已是人類文化的一個獨立典型。譯文：as an important component of oriental civilization, the chinese cult

8、ure has a long history with an early origin and a rich content. it was an independent model in human culture early in the ancient times.3. 瓊島東北部有“瓊島春陰”碑，為1751年建立。譯文：there is a stone tablet called “qiong dao chun yin” in the northeast part of the qiongdao island, which was set up in 1751.iii. transla

9、te the underlined parts into chinese: 40%fame is much like an animal chasing its own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. fame and the exhilarating celebrity that accompanies it, force the famous person to participate in his or her own destruction.

10、 ironic isnt it?those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of processing a single talent or skill: singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. the successful performer develops a style that is marked aggressively and gains some popularity, and it is this popularity that usually convinces th

11、e performer to continue performing in the same style, since that is what the public seems to want and to enjoy. but in time, the performer becomes bored singing the same songs in the same way year after year, or the painter becomes bored painting similar scenes or portraits, or the actor is tired of

12、 playing the same character repeatedly. the demand of the public holds the artist hostage to his or her own success, fame. if the artist attempts to change his or her style of writing or dancing or singing, etc, the audience may turn away and look to confer(贈予)fleeting (飛逝的、短暫的)fickle(無常的、浮躁的) fame

13、on another and then, in time, on another, and so on and so on. （注：可查字典，詞義自定）iv. translate the following into english: 30%沒有盼頭的日子是蒼白不可想象的，人，得天天有點什么盼頭，生活才不至于暗淡。有了盼頭，會覺得太陽每天都是新的，不管是望梅止渴，還是畫餅充饑，它都會激勵你不停手中的槳，去追逐哪怕一星微小的火光。土地去掉水分，就成了沙漠；人沒了盼，還剩什么？小盼頭支撐人的一天，大盼頭支撐人的一生。人是決不能沒有盼頭的。（注：可查字典，詞義自定）answer sheetclass

14、_ no._ name _i. alternative choice (請涂黑圈): 15%1. a b 2. a b 3. a b 4. a b 5. a b ii. improve the following translations: 15%1.2.3.iii. translate the english (underlined parts) into chinese: 40%iv. translate the following passage into english: 30%答 案i. alternative choice: a.b.a.b.b 15 % ii. improve t

15、he following translations: 15% 1. 河岸線界限不明，劃分為座座低矮的小島，暗綠的河水緩流其間。島上叢林茂密，大片烏黑的熔巖裸露于四周貼水一線。（拆譯+語序）2. as an important component of oriental civilization, the chinese culture is rich and well-established with a long history, distinguished from ancient times by its characteristics in human culture.（結(jié)構(gòu)+選詞用字

16、）3. in the northeast part of the qiongdao island stands a stone tablet, set up in 1751, which was engraved with 4 chinese characters “qiong dao chun yin”(spring shades on the qiongdao island).（文化內(nèi)容的處理）iii. translation from english into chinese: 40 %試譯：凡成名者，大多有一技之長，或能歌，或善舞，或長于繪畫，或精于寫作，都因各自演藝中形成的強烈個性和

17、鮮明風(fēng)格而名聲鵲起。然而，正是這得來的名望，使他們常年固守著自己的本色不敢越雷池半步，因為這是公眾的要求和喜愛?？呻S著時間的推移，歌星若年復(fù)一年唱著同樣的歌，畫家若一成不變畫著同樣的畫，演員若一如既往重復(fù)著同一角色，恐怕連他自己都會厭煩。但為了保全已有的成就和名望，他只能一味順從這種需要而淪為公眾的人質(zhì)。若要改換筆調(diào)，轉(zhuǎn)變舞風(fēng)，創(chuàng)新唱法，觀眾就會舍他而去，將那來去不定、乍起乍落的名望聲譽隨即送與他人，如此這般轉(zhuǎn)來轉(zhuǎn)去，無休無止。iv. translation from chinese into english: 30 %a day without hope would be unimagina

18、bly pale. there must be something to look forward to each day to brighten ones life and keep it out of shadows. to a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun. even if it is a fantasy or an illusion, so long as it shows a ray of hope it still urges you on in pursuit of that little sparkl

19、e without letup.deprived of moisture content, soil turns into desert. deprived of hope, what is there left to a person? a small hope sustains a person for a day, a great one for a lifetime.human beings cannot do without something to look forward to.翻譯試卷（a）評分細則一第一題正誤判斷（t/f，客觀題）：5題，每題3分，共15分，占卷面總分15%。

20、選對給滿分，選錯為0分，無第三種選擇。二第三題翻譯改進題（主觀題）：3句，每句5分，共15分，占卷面總分15%。1）句子雖改，但不正確，且錯誤百出，以0分計；2）錯處已改，但有錯誤，或在不該改的地方改錯，扣1分。三段落翻譯英譯漢（主觀題）：一段，共40分，占卷面總分40%。1）譯文準確達意，通順地道，流暢連貫可給滿分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的譯文須酌情扣5分左右；3）理解錯誤每處扣1分；用詞錯誤每處扣1分；行文不通順每處扣1分。四段落翻譯漢譯英（主觀題）：一段，共30分，占卷面總分30%。1）譯文準確達意，通順地道，流暢連貫可給滿分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的譯文須酌情扣5分左右；3）理

21、解錯誤每處扣1分；用詞錯誤每處扣1分；語法錯誤每處扣1分；行文欠通順每處扣1分。中南大學(xué)考試試卷 2005-2006學(xué)年一學(xué)期 時間120分鐘翻譯理論與實踐b卷課程64學(xué)時4學(xué)分 考試形式：閉卷 專業(yè)年級：英語系031.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班 總分100分，占總評成績70%【give your answers on answer sheet attached】i. alternative choice: 15 %1. solitude is an excellent laboratory in which to observe the extent to which manners an

22、d habits are conditioned by others.譯文a：孤獨是一個很好的實驗室，在其中觀察禮貌和習(xí)慣受別人制約所達到的程度。譯文b：孤獨是一塊極好的試金石，利于觀察一個人的舉止和習(xí)慣在多大程度上受人制約。2the park that resulted is a mix of sea and land, situated mostly on mt. desert island, with a bit on the mainland.譯文a：公園以“荒山島”為主，一小部分在大陸，中間大海相連，集海、陸風(fēng)光于一體。譯文b：公園由大海和陸地構(gòu)成，大部分在“荒山島”，一小部分在大陸

23、。3. 中國有兩點是靠得住的，一是講原則，二是說話算數(shù)。譯文a：china can be account on. among other things, first, it upholds principle and second, it honors its words.譯文b：on two points china can be account. first, it upholds principle and second, it keeps its words.4. 過去的一年全國人民團結(jié)奮斗，開拓進取，社會主義現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)取得重大成就。譯文a： in the last year，the

24、chinese people united and worked hard, pioneered and forged ahead, and made great achievements in the cause of chinas socialist modernization.譯文b： with a spirit of unit, diligence and enterprise, the chinese people strived forward and made great achievements in the cause of chinas socialist moderniz

25、ation in the last year.5. 西湖如鏡面，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，風(fēng)光綺麗。譯文a： the west lake is like a mirror, embellished all around with green hills and deep caves of enchanting beauty.譯文b：the west lake is like a mirror with green mountains and deep caves around it, showing beautiful scenery. ii. improve the following trans

26、lations: 15%1. a man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as the company he keeps, for there is a companionship of book as well as of men.譯文：一個人可以通過他讀的書和交的伴而得到了解，因為在書與書、人與人之間有一種伙伴關(guān)系。2. 浪漫是沒有定式的，或許那些實實在在的呵護和關(guān)愛才是真正的浪漫，它是生命之火所點燃的最絢爛的花朵。譯文：there is no fixed form in romance. may be those re

27、al protections and loves are real romance, which is the flower lit by the flame of life.3. 青城山地質(zhì)地貌獨特，植被茂密，氣候適宜，林木蔥翠，層巒疊嶂，曲徑逶迤，古觀藏趣。譯文：qingcheng mountain has special geological landforms known for its overgrown vegetations, mild climate, thriving forests, rolling mountains, winding paths and. interes

28、ting ancient temples.iii. translate the underlined parts into chinese: 40%anyone with eyes can take delight in a face or a flower. you need training, however, to perceive the beauty in mathematics or physics or chess, in the architecture of a tree, the design of a birds wing, or the shiver of breath

29、 through a flute. from most of human history, the training has come from elders who taught the young how to pay attention. by paying attention, we learn to savor all sorts of patterns, from quantum mechanics to patchwork quilts. this predilection brings with it a clear evolutionary advantage, for th

30、e ability to recognize patterns helped our ancestors to select mates, find food, avoid predators. but the same advantage would apply to all species, and yet we alone compose symphonies and crossword puzzles, carve stone into statues, map time and space.（注：可查字典，詞義自定）iv. translate the underlined parts

31、 into english: 30%中華民族文化歷史悠久，起源很早，內(nèi)容極為豐富，是東方文明的主要組成部分，早在上古時期就已是人類文化的一個獨立典型。在物質(zhì)文化方面，中國的“四大發(fā)明”曾經(jīng)改變世界歷史的進程。在精神文明方面，“以人為本”的人格價值思想和“和為貴”的和平與發(fā)展的思想，對世界文化解決個人與社會、人與自然、道德與生命的根本關(guān)系做出了杰出的貢獻。中國的學(xué)者們一致認為，在全球化趨勢日益發(fā)展的今天，文化交流在國與國之間的交往中越來越重要，起著獨特的作用，中國應(yīng)該向全世界充分展現(xiàn)具有強大凝聚力的中華文明，同時應(yīng)該利用申辦、舉辦奧運會的機會吸取和弘揚一切人類文明的精華。（注：可查字典，詞義自定

32、）answer sheetclass_ no._ name _i. alternative choice (請涂黑圈): 15%1. a b 2. a b 3. a b 4. a b 5. a b ii. improve the following translations: 15%1.2.3.iii. translate the english (underlined parts) into chinese: 40%iv. translate the following passage into english: 30%答 案i. alternative choice: b.a.a.b.a

33、15 % ii. improve the following translations: 15% 1. 欲知其人，先觀其友，讀書也一樣，看一個人讀哪些書就知道他是哪一類人。2. the expression of love follows no definite pattern. i wonder if wiping the desk and preparing tea and medicine for a person of ones heart is not one of the ways. maybe true love lies in giving heart-felt care an

34、d whole-hearted protection. that and that alone is the reddest rose nurtured by the spring of life. 3. endowed with special geological landforms and a mild climate, qingcheng mountain enjoys exuberant vegetations and forests through which the paths wind, as well as the ancient temples dispersing in

35、ranges of mountains.iii. translation from english into chinese: 40 %凡眼見于俏臉、鮮花，無人不覺賞心悅目。然而，要參透數(shù)學(xué)、物理或棋弈之美，欣賞樹之有形、鳥之翼趣，乃至對長笛奏出的悠悠顫音心領(lǐng)神會，則必經(jīng)專門訓(xùn)練方可體味。在人類大部歷史上，這種訓(xùn)練就是學(xué)會如何觀察，歷來由長者教之于幼者。通過觀察，人類學(xué)會去鑒賞天地萬化之模式，從量子力學(xué)到百納被無所不包。此癡情所至，亦使人類在進化過程中占盡先機，能辨萬化之象，有助于先人們擇偶、覓食，逃避猛獸。iv. translation from chinese into english:

36、30 %as an important component of oriental civilization, the chinese culture is rich and well-established with a long history, distinguished from ancient times by its characteristics in human culture. with respect to its material culture, chinas “four inventions”, namely, gunpowder, printing, the com

37、pass and papermaking, have influenced the process of world history. with respect to ethical culture, the ideas of “people come first” (for human dignity) and “harmony prevails over all”/ “conciliation is invaluable” (for the peace and development) have made great contributions to the worlds culture,

38、 dealing well with the fundamental relationships between individuals and society, man and nature, and morality and life. 翻譯試卷（b）評分細則一第一題正誤判斷（t/f，客觀題）：5題，每題3分，共15分，占卷面總分15%。選對給滿分，選錯為0分，無第三種選擇。二第三題翻譯改進題（主觀題）：3句，每句5分，共15分，占卷面總分15%。1）句子雖改，但不正確，且錯誤百出，以0分計；2）錯處已改，但有錯誤，或在不該改的地方改錯，扣1分。三段落翻譯英譯漢（主觀題）：一段，共40分，

39、占卷面總分40%。1）譯文準確達意，通順地道，流暢連貫可給滿分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的譯文須酌情扣5分左右；3）理解錯誤每處扣1分；用詞錯誤每處扣1分；行文不通順每處扣1分。四段落翻譯漢譯英（主觀題）：一段，共30分，占卷面總分30%。1）譯文準確達意，通順地道，流暢連貫可給滿分；2）死扣原文字面、生硬呆板的譯文須酌情扣5分左右；3）理解錯誤每處扣1分；用詞錯誤每處扣1分；語法錯誤每處扣1分；行文欠通順每處扣1分。中南大學(xué)考試試卷 2007-2008學(xué)年一學(xué)期 時間120分鐘翻譯理論與實踐a卷課程64學(xué)時4學(xué)分 考試形式：閉卷專業(yè)年級：英語系041.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班 總分10

40、0分，占總評成績70%【give your answers on answer sheet attached】i. judging the following translations with “y” (good) or “n” (not good): 20 %1中國有兩點是靠得住的，一是講原則，二是說話算數(shù)。譯文：on two points china can be account. first, it upholds principle and second, it keeps its words.2. 青城山地質(zhì)地貌獨特，植被茂密，氣候適宜，林木蔥翠，層巒疊嶂，曲徑逶迤，古觀藏趣。譯文

41、. endowed with special geological landforms and a mild climate, qingcheng mountain enjoys exuberant vegetations and forests through which the paths wind, as well as the ancient temples dispersing in ranges of mountains.3. 一個人在原企業(yè)的優(yōu)秀業(yè)績可以為他今后求職提供“敲門磚”。譯文：an employees previous outstanding performance i

42、s a very important stepping stone to his or her job hunting.4. my table manners are atrocious-in this respect ive slipped back hundreds of years in fact, i have no manners whatsoever. if i feel like it, i eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up-in other words, whichever is easiest.譯文：我的

43、吃相實在不雅，這方面一下就倒退了幾百年，實在是一點規(guī)矩也沒有。只要覺得合適，我可用手抓著吃，直接拿著罐頭吃，或是站著吃：反正怎么省事就怎么吃。5. when im having trouble with a story and think about giving up or when i start to feel sorry for myself and think things should be easier for me, i roll a piece of paper into that cranky old machine and type, word by painful wo

44、rd, just the way mother did.譯文：每當我寫文章有麻煩想放棄時，或是開始為自己覺得遺憾和認為事情對我本應(yīng)容易一些時，我就往那臺破舊的打字機里卷進一張紙，像母親當年那樣，打著一個又一個痛苦的字。ii. improve the following translations: 20%1. time is of no account with great thoughts, which are fresh today as when they first passed through their authors minds, ages ago. what was then s

45、aid and thought still speaks to us vividly as ever from the printed page.譯文：時間在偉大思想面前沒有作用，這些偉大的思想仍像多年前初次閃現(xiàn)在作者心頭時一樣的新鮮。當年說的和思考的東西至今仍生動地在印刷的紙上向我們訴說。2. those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of processing a single talent or skill: singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. the successful

46、performer develops a style that is marked aggressively and gains some popularity.譯文：那些成名的人大多靠擁有某種單一的才能或技能而獲得名聲：唱歌、跳舞、畫畫，寫作等等。成功的表演者培養(yǎng)出了一種特色鮮明的風(fēng)格，使他們獲取了某些名聲。3. 中華民族文化歷史悠久，起源很早，內(nèi)容極為豐富，是東方文明的主要組成部分，早在上古時期就已是人類文化的一個獨立典型。譯文： chinese culture has a rich content, originating very early with a long history.

47、as a main part of the oriental civilization, it was an independent example of the human culture early in the chinese ancient times. 4. 瓊島東北部有“瓊島春陰”碑，為1751年建立。譯文：in the northeast part of the qiongdao island there is a stone tablet engraved with 4 chinese words “qiong dao chun yin”, which set up in 17

48、51 iii. translate the underlined parts into chinese: 30%the weather in his soul （英國人的內(nèi)心世界）let me come to the point boldly: what governs the englishman is his inner atmosphere, the weather in his soul. it is nothing particularly spiritual of mysterious. . instinctively the englishman is no missionary

49、, no conqueror. he prefers the country to the town, and home to foreign parts. he is rather glad and relieved if only natives remain natives and strangers strangers, and at a comfortable distance from himself. yet outwardly he is most hospitable and accepts almost anybody for the time being; he trav

50、els and conquers without a settled design, because he has the instinct of exploration. his adventures are all external; they change him so little that he is not afraid of them. he carries his english weather in his heart wherever he goes, and it becomes a cool spot in the desert, and a steady and sa

51、ne(理智的) oracle(神殿/圣賢) amongst all the deliriums(譫妄/迷亂) of mankind. never since the heroic days of greece has the world had such a sweet, just, boyish master. it will be a black day for the human race when scientific blackguards, conspirators, churls, and fanatics manage to supplant him.iv. translate

52、 the underlined parts into english: 30%草兒似乎剛剛出浴。鮮嫩的葉片上溜滑著一滴兩滴的露珠，在春陽的映照下，折射出一片耀眼的晶瑩，似一粒粒珍珠在熠熠閃光。微風(fēng)清略湖畔的時候，露珠從葉尖上顫顫地滾落下來，使人想起杏花春雨里的千點萬點晶亮亮的檐滴，想起了生命成長的過程我久久地佇立于湖畔，聆聽一種生命悄然拔節(jié)的聲音，心頭如有暖流滾滾（i stood for a long time by the shore of the lake, listening to the sound of life, with warm currents filling my hear

53、t.）！剎那間，心中的春天已是萬木競秀，繁花繽紛。我強烈地感受到：禁錮了一冬的生命正在蘇醒，心扉靈府里滲透了一種全新的感覺，那些弱小但又頑強不屈的草兒，以其鍥而不舍的執(zhí)著，昭示出一種原始的壯美，使我真切地感悟到人生的真諦和生命的意義！這以后，沉寂的萬千生命開始喧鬧起來。那片小草，也紛紛地擎起了一面面青春的旗幡，沐浴著春風(fēng)，欣欣然地歡舞，自由自在歌唱。我的干涸已久的心田，被這一片碧綠種滿了生機。answer sheetclass_ no._ name _i. alternative choice (請涂黑圈): 15%1. a b 2. a b 3. a b 4. a b 5. a b ii.

54、improve the following translations: 15%1.2.3.iii. translate the english (underlined parts) into chinese: 40%iv. translate the following passage into english: 30%答 案i. judging the following translations with “y” (good) or “n” (not good): 20 %nyyynii. improve the following translations: 20%1. 偉大的思想不會因歲月的流失而消泯，前人的思想歷久長新，其所言所思至今仍躍然紙上、聲聲入耳。2. 凡成名者，大多有一技之長，或能歌，或善舞，或長于繪畫，或精于寫作，都因各自演藝中形成的強烈個性和鮮明風(fēng)格而名聲鵲起。3. as an important com