英語動詞不規(guī)則變化

1、英語動詞不規(guī)則變化，都幫你整理好了，快來收了吧！時態(tài)是中學(xué)階段的重點，也是難點，而與其息息相關(guān)的動詞（尤其是不規(guī)則動詞）的過去式、過去分詞的變化散亂難記，令人頭疼。可仔細琢磨就不難發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的變化有一定的規(guī)律可循。記憶法一：常見93個不規(guī)則動詞的變化規(guī)律歸納如下：一、AAA型，即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。（共9個）costcostcostcutcutcuthithithit hurthurthurtletlet letputputputreadreadreadsetsetsetshutshutshut二、ABB型，即過去式、過去分詞相同。（共41個）1 過去式和過去分詞都含有 -ough

2、t。（3個）bringbroughtbroughtbuy boughtboughtthinkthoughtthought2 詞尾有-ild，-end時，只需把d變?yōu)閠。（4個）buildbuiltbuiltlendlent lentsendsentsentspendspent spent3 過去式、過去分詞都含有 -aught。（2個）catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught4 把-eep變?yōu)?ept。（3個）keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweep sweptswept5 把-ell變?yōu)?old。（2個）telltoldtoldsellso

3、ldsold6 過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。（4個）smellsmeltsmeltspellspeltspeltfeelfelt feltspillspiltspilt7 過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。（3個）learnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantspoilspoiltspoilt8 過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。（4個）saysaidsaidpaypaidpaidlaylaidlaidhearheardheard9 改變元音字母。（11個）meetmetmetgetgotgotsitsatsatfind foundfoundholdheldheldspi

4、tspatspatshine shoneshonewinwonwonhanghunghungdig dugdugloselostlost10 改變輔音字母。（1個）makemademade11 改變元、輔音字母。（4個）leaveleftleftstandstoodstoodhave（has） hadhadunderstandunderstoodunderstood三、ABC型，即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。（共35個）1 iau變化。（6個）beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunksing sangsungringrangrungswimswamswumsink sa

5、nksunk2 詞尾為-ow，-aw時，過去式將其變?yōu)?ew，過去分詞在其原形后加n。（5個）blowblewblowndrawdrewdrawngrow grewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown（show除外）3 詞尾為“i輔（1個）e”，過去式將i變?yōu)閛，過去分詞多在原形后加n，若那個輔音字母為d或t，須雙寫d或t后加n。（4個）（give，hide除外）drivedrovedrivenwritewrotewrittenride roderiddenriseroserisen4 過去分詞在過去式后加（e）n。（5個）breakbrokebrokencho

6、osechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenspeakspokespokenwakewoke woken5 過去分詞由過去式加-ten構(gòu)成。（1個）forgetforgotforgotten6 過去分詞由原形加（e）n構(gòu)成。（6個）bewas（were）beeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhidden（hid）7 詞尾為-ake時，過去式將其變?yōu)?ook，過去分詞在原形詞后加-n。（2個）taketooktakenmistakemistookmistaken8 原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。（

7、6個）dodiddoneflyflewflowngowentgonelielaylainshowshowedshownwearworeworn四、AAB型，即過去式和原形相同。（1個）beatbeatbeaten五、ABA型，即過去分詞和原形相同。（3個）comecamecomebecomebecamebecomerun ranrun六、情態(tài)動詞型，只有原形和過去式，沒有過去分詞。（4個）cancouldmaymightwillwouldshallshould記憶法二：不規(guī)則動詞相對于規(guī)則動詞來說，難記得多，是最難對付的一類詞。學(xué)生難學(xué)，老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的，可根據(jù)其中的一些內(nèi)部規(guī)

8、律來記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法，以期大家在攻克這一難關(guān)時，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、 原形、過去式、過去分詞相同：costcuthithurtletputreadshut（細心的你一定會發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的。）二、 原形、過去式相同，過去分詞不同：beatbeatbeaten三、 原形、過去分詞相同，過去式不同：comecamecome becomebecamebecome runranrun（come，become，屬不規(guī)則變化，但welcome屬規(guī)則動詞，其過去式、過去分詞為：welcomed，welcomed）四、 過去式，過去分詞相同：(1) 去掉字母組合ee中

9、的一個emeetmetmet feedfedfed(2) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個e,然后再在詞尾加tfeelfeltfelt sleepsleptsleptkeepkeptkept sweepsweptswept(3) 詞尾為的ll 去掉一個l加tspellspeltspelt smellsmeltsmelt spillspiltspilt(4) 過去式和過去分詞以aught或 ought結(jié)尾catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught bringbroughtbrought buyboughtbought thinkthoughtthought(5) 將stand

10、改為stoodstandstoodstood understandunderstoodunderstood(6) 將ay改為aidlaylaidlaid paypaidpaid saysaidsaid(7) 將d改為tlendlentlent sendsentsentspendspentspent buildbuiltbuilt(8) 將i改為a , o, u等sitsatsat spitspatspat digdugdug winwonwon(9) 將ell改為oldtelltoldtold sellsoldsold(10) 詞尾加tlearnlearntlearnt meanmeantme

11、antdreamdreamtdreamt spoilspoiltspoilt(11) 有兩種過去式和過去分詞, 一種是不規(guī)則的, 一種是規(guī)則的：learnlearntlearnt learnlearnedlearnedshineshoneshone shineshinedshinedhanghunghung hanghangedhangedsmellsmeltsmelt smellsmelledsmelledburn/burnt/burnt burn/burned/burnedlight/lii/lit light/lighted/lighted(12) 其它have（has）hadhad h

12、earheardheardshootshotshot loselostlostholdheldheld getgotgot（AmE gotten）findfoundfound makemademadeleaveleftleft五、三者均不同：(1) 過去式以ew結(jié)尾、過去分詞以own結(jié)尾blowblewblown flyflewflowngrowgrewgrown knowknewknownthrowthrewthrown值得注意的是:showshowedshown或showed drawdrewdrawn(2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞beginbeganbegun drink

13、drankdrunkringrangrung singsangsungswimswamswum sinksanksunk(3)改i為o變成過去式，過去分詞以n結(jié)尾drivedrovedriven writewrotewrittenriseroserisen rideroderidden(4) 原形后加n變成過去分詞drivedrovedriven riseroserisen eatateeaten givegavegiven fallfellfallen(5) 過去式后加n變成過去分詞breakbrokebroken choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozen mis

14、takemistookmistakenstealstolestolen speakspokespoken taketooktaken wakewokewoken（或woke）(6)其它bewas或werebeen dodiddone forgetforgotforgotten gowentgone hidehidhidden seesawseen wearworeworn六、 有兩種過去式和過去分詞，但詞義相同。wakewokewoken （或woke） wakewakedwakedsinksanksunk sinksunksunken七、動詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義：sh

15、ine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞：shoneshone照耀 shinedshined擦亮hunghung懸掛 hangedhanged絞死八、兩個既可以做過去式，又可以做動詞原形的詞lie躺臥laylainlying（現(xiàn)在分詞）lay放，下蛋l(fā)aidlaidlayingfind 找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)findfoundfound found 創(chuàng)建，成立 foundfoundedfounded九、根據(jù)動詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來記憶（一）詞義相對：(1) comecamecome來 gowentgone去(2) givegavegiven給getgotgot（AmE gotten）獲得(3) sleepsle

16、ptslept睡覺wakewokewoken （或woke）或wakewakedwaked 醒來(4) riseroserisen上升、上漲、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sinksanksunk sinksunksunken 沉下, (使)下沉(5) buyboughtbought買 sellsoldsold出售, 賣(6) taketooktaken帶去bringbroughtbrought 帶來(7) teachtaughttaught教learnlearntlearnt或learnlearnedlearned學(xué)習、學(xué)會(8) loselostlost丟失、失敗find

17、foundfound找到winwonwon贏得、（獲）勝(9) standstoodstood站、立sitsatsat坐(10) sendsentsent 送、寄、發(fā)送getgotgot獲得、收到（二）詞義相近：(1) beatbeatbeaten 打, 打敗 winwonwon贏得、獲勝(2) understandunderstoodunderstood 懂, 了解knowknewknown 知道, 了解, 認識(3) getgotgot（AmE gotten）變成、成為、變得becomebecamebecome 變成, 成為, 變得gowentgone變成turnturnedturned變

18、成(4) spendspentspent 花費、度過paypaidpaid 支付、交納costcostcost花費、價值為taketooktaken花費(5) saysaidsaid說、講speakspokespoken說、演講telltoldtold 告訴、說、吩咐、斷定talktalkedtalked談話, 講, 談?wù)? 議論記憶法三：1無變化，過去式與原形相同。 letlet, putput, hithit, mustmust, setset, beatbeat, castcast, costcost, cutcut, hurthurt, readred, shutshut (shedshed splitsplit spreadspread burstburst) 2元音字母的變化。ia: beginbegan, drinkdrank, ringrang, singsang, swimswam, givegave, sitsat, sinksank io: drivedrove, riderode, shineshone, writewrote, riserose, winwon,(strivestrove arisearose) iou: findf