2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ) UnitSharing Section Ⅲ Grammar-限制性定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)案 選修7

1、學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精unit 4 sharing section grammar-限制性定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)選詞填空（that/which/who）1i know youre dying to hear all about my life here， so ive included some photos which will help you picture the places i talk about。2the boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the

2、windows。3but last weekend another teacher, jenny， and i did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys， tombe。4when we arrived at the village， tombes mother， kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee ieee5the only possessions （that) i could see were one broom, a

3、few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars。我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1）以上五個(gè)句子皆為限制性定語(yǔ)從句.（2）句1、3為關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為表示物或地點(diǎn)的名詞(短語(yǔ))，關(guān)系代詞which在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。(3）句2、4為關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為指人的名詞(短語(yǔ)），who在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。（4)句5為省掉關(guān)系代詞that 的定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作動(dòng)詞see的賓語(yǔ)，先行詞為由only修飾的名詞possessions。一、概述1定語(yǔ)從句是用來(lái)修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。定語(yǔ)從句一般置于被修飾的詞之后，且有引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)。被定語(yǔ)從句所

4、修飾的名詞或代詞叫作先行詞.2引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。3定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。here is the_girl（who/whom） we have been looking for. 先行詞 引導(dǎo)詞這就是我們一直在尋找的女孩。we will always remember those_dayswhen we worked 先行詞 引導(dǎo)詞together there.我們將永遠(yuǎn)記住我們一起在那里工作的日子。we went to the_factorywhere we had ever worked. 先行詞引導(dǎo)詞我們?nèi)チ宋覀冊(cè)?jīng)工作過(guò)的工廠

5、。she bought a_dress yesterday which suits her very well. 先行詞引導(dǎo)詞昨天她買了一件非常適合她的女裙.即時(shí)演練1用定語(yǔ)從句連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句the doctor is in the room. you are looking for him。(whom)the_doctor_whom_you_are_looking_for_is_in_the_room.nobody wants the house. its windows are all broken。（whose)nobody_wants_the_house_whose_windows_a

6、re_all_broken.we know the place. our teacher lives there.(where）we_know_the_place_where_our_teacher_lives。do you know the reason？ she was late for the meeting for it。 (why)do_you_know_the_reason_why_she_was_late_for_the_meeting?二、限制性定語(yǔ)從句1關(guān)系代詞的種類、功能及句法作用所作成分代替人代替物代替人或物主語(yǔ)who/thatwhich/as/thatthat/as賓語(yǔ)

7、whomwhich/as/thatthat/as定語(yǔ)whose/of whomwhose/of whichwhoseyesterday i helped an_old_manwho/that lost his way。人作主語(yǔ)昨天我?guī)椭艘晃幻月返睦先?he finished a_novel last year which/that made him famous。 物作主語(yǔ)去年他完成了一部讓他出名的小說(shuō).the_man（who/whom） you met just now is my friend. 人作賓語(yǔ)你剛剛見(jiàn)到的那個(gè)人是我的朋友。this is the_pen(that/which）

8、 he bought yesterday. 物作賓語(yǔ)這是他昨天買的鋼筆。he is the_scientistwhose achievements/the achieve。 人作定語(yǔ)ments of_whom are well。known。作定語(yǔ)他就是那位成就卓著的科學(xué)家.the_stationwhose construction/the construction of_which 物作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)was finished the year before has already come into use.前年完工的車站已經(jīng)投入使用。（1) as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般用于such 。. as

9、 。.。, the same .。 as . 結(jié)構(gòu)中,as為關(guān)系代詞,其既可指人也可指物，且在從句中既可作主語(yǔ)也可作賓語(yǔ). he is such a kind person as we all like him。 他是個(gè)很善良的人，我們都喜歡。this is the same book as was bought yesterday.這是和昨天買的同樣的一本書(shū)。(2）關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一致.the number of the people who/that come to visit the city each year rises one mill

10、ion。每年來(lái)參觀這座城市的人數(shù)增加100萬(wàn).名師點(diǎn)津關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞為“one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)名詞形式一致；若先行詞為“the only one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與one一致。tom is one of the students who study hard。湯姆是這些學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的學(xué)生中的一個(gè)。tom is the only one of the students who studies hard。湯姆是這些學(xué)生中唯一一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的。（3）表示人的關(guān)系代詞who在口語(yǔ)中代替whom.如果關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，則只能用whom, 但如果把介

11、詞放在句尾，則兩者都可以用；表示物的關(guān)系代詞that在口語(yǔ)中可代替which。如果關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，則只能用which, 但如果把介詞放在句尾，則兩者都可以用.this is the missing boy who/whom they are searching for. this is the missing boy for whomthey are searching。這是他們正在尋找的丟失的男孩。it is the tv series （that/which) we talked about just now。 it is the tv series about which we t

12、alked just now.這就是我們剛才談?wù)摰碾娨曔B續(xù)劇。(4）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞whose代替物時(shí),實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于of which；當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞whose代替人時(shí)，實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于of whom。it was a small village whose name (the name of which/of which the name） i have forgotten.那是一個(gè)小村子,它的名字我忘了.during our stay at the seaside city last summer， we met a fisherman whose face ( the face of whom/of w

13、hom the face) got sunburnt.去年夏天我們?cè)谶@座海邊城市逗留期間，我們遇到了一位農(nóng)夫，他的臉都曬黑了.(5)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，且關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，先行詞是人，關(guān)系代詞用whom;先行詞是物,關(guān)系代詞用which。介詞有時(shí)位于關(guān)系代詞之前，有時(shí)也可位于從句中動(dòng)詞之后。now she needs a person to whomshe could turn for help?，F(xiàn)在她需要一位能夠?qū)で髱椭娜?。there is a dictionary in whichwe can look up the new word.那里有一本詞典，我們可以在這本詞典里查這個(gè)新

14、單詞。名師點(diǎn)津介詞的確定主要取決于三個(gè)原則:一是與先行詞的搭配；二是與從句中動(dòng)詞的搭配；三是上下文表達(dá)的需要。（6） 關(guān)系代詞只用that的幾種特殊情況。當(dāng)先行詞為all， everything， nothing, anything， little, much等不定代詞時(shí)tell me everything that you know.把你知道的一切告訴我.當(dāng)先行詞被very， both， the only, all， every， no， any， little, much， some修飾時(shí)this isthe only coat that i have.這是我擁有的唯一一件大衣。當(dāng)先行詞被

15、形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)this is the most beautiful citythat i visited。這是我參觀過(guò)的最美的城市.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)this isthe first lessonthat we have this term.這是我們這一學(xué)期上的第一節(jié)課.當(dāng)先行詞既包括人又包括物時(shí)he hasnt sent usthe workers and equipment that we need.他沒(méi)有給我們送來(lái)我們需要的工人和設(shè)備。當(dāng)主句是以who/which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)which is the coatthat you like best?你最喜歡的大衣是哪件？當(dāng)關(guān)

16、系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)your disease is not the case that it used tobe.你的病情已經(jīng)不是過(guò)去的情況了。即時(shí)演練2在下列句中填入恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞this is the pilot by whom my son was saved。this is the most interesting story that ive ever read.he has the same dictionary as i bought yesterday。i bought a great many books on which i spent all my money that

17、 i saved。2關(guān)系副詞的種類、功能及句法作用關(guān)系副詞被替代的先行詞在從句中的作用when表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where表示地點(diǎn)的名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)why表示原因的名詞（reason）原因狀語(yǔ)the_daywhen ( at which) we first traveled by plane 時(shí)間 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)finally came.我們第一次坐飛機(jī)旅行的日子終于來(lái)了。we know the_placewhere ( in which) our teacher lives。 地點(diǎn) 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)我們知道老師住的地方。do you know the_reasonwhy （ for which) he w

18、as so sorry？ 原因原因狀語(yǔ)你知道他那么難過(guò)的原因嗎?名師點(diǎn)津關(guān)系副詞when, where及why可轉(zhuǎn)換為：介詞which。when, where可根據(jù)先行詞、從句的謂語(yǔ)及句意來(lái)決定適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，但是關(guān)系副詞why只可轉(zhuǎn)換為for which.the day will come when( on which） well meet again。我們?cè)俅我?jiàn)面的日子會(huì)到來(lái)的. in the middle of the sitting room， there is a tablewhere （ on which） many dishes are placed。在客廳的中間有一張放著很多盤子的

19、桌子。（1）當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的the way時(shí)，從句不能用how來(lái)引導(dǎo),應(yīng)該用that或in which，或?qū)⑺鼈內(nèi)渴÷浴e admire the way （that/in which) he solved the problem。我們敬佩他解決這一問(wèn)題的方式。（2）表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞(case, scene, situation, condition, race, life， point等）作先行詞，且從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。they are now in a situation where they need to make a practical

20、plan。他們現(xiàn)在處于一種需要制定一個(gè)切實(shí)可行的計(jì)劃的處境。即時(shí)演練3將下列句中的關(guān)系副詞改為含有“介詞關(guān)系代詞”的形式i never forgot the days when we studied together at school.i never forgot the days in_which we studied together at school.i have decided to visit the place again where we met each other。i have decided to visit the place again at_which we me

21、t each other。can you help to find out a way that we can solve the problem easily？can you help to find out a way in_which we can solve the problem easily？his illness was the reason why he had given up the chance。his illness was the reason for_which he had given up the chance.。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1happiness and

22、success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths。2she has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other。3nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live。4the book tells stories of the ear

23、thquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected.5the museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform where visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. 6many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.7when i arri

24、ved， bryan took me to see the house where i would be staying。8the days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.9care of the soul is a gradual process in which even the small details of life should be considered。10the prize will go to the writer whose story shows the most

25、imagination.單句寫作（用定語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)全句子)1the time when_we_got_together finally came。我們聚會(huì)的時(shí)間終于來(lái)了。2there is no person that_does_not_make_mistakes.沒(méi)有不犯錯(cuò)的人。3this is the best film that_i_have_ever_seen.這是我所看過(guò)的最好的一部電影。4is this the reason why_he_refused_our_offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助的理由嗎?5i met an old man last week whose_daughte

26、r_is_studying_abroad.上周我遇到了一位老人,他的女兒正在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。6the day will come when_well_win_the_final_victory. 我們贏得最后勝利的日子將會(huì)到來(lái)。7i need such a dictionary as_you_bought_badly.我急需一本像你買的一樣的詞典。8this is the hotel where_they_stayed_last_month.這是他們上個(gè)月逗留的旅館。9do you know the man who/whom_i_talked_with?你認(rèn)識(shí)我與之交談的那個(gè)人嗎？10is there anyone in your class whose_family_is_in_the_country?你們班里有家庭在鄉(xiāng)村的人嗎？。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞完成短文isaac asimov was an american scientist and writer 1。who wrote around 480 books 2.that/which included mystery stories, science and history books， and even