2007年考研英語一真題及答案解析59頁

1、2007年考研英語一真題及答案解析Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future. B

2、orn in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence 3 the ideas of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 6 there was a belief that

3、the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of 1aws.On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the Church, 9 there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only

4、one 11 by the Spanish crown. 12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the 14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the conservative forces.The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often ega

5、litarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spains 17 colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much

6、 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19 .Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy.1.Anatives BinhabitantsCpeoples Dindividuals2.AconfusedlyBcheerfully CworriedlyDhopefully3.AsharedBforgotCattained

7、Drejected4.ArelatedBcloseCopenDdevoted5.AaccessBsuccessionCrightDreturn6.APresumablyBIncidentallyCObviously DGenerally7.AuniqueBcommonCparticularDtypical8.AfreedomBoriginCimpactDreform9.AthereforeBhoweverCindeedDmoreover10.AwithBabout CamongDby11.AallowedBpreachedCgrantedDfunded12.ASinceBIfCUnlessDW

8、hile13.AasBforCunderDagainst14.AspreadBinterferenceCexclusionDinfluence15.AsupportBcryCpleaDwish16.AurgedBintendedCexpectedDpromised17.AcontrollingBformerCremainingDoriginal18.AslowerBfasterCeasierDtougher19.AcreatedBproducedCcontributedDpreferred20. A puzzled byBhostile to Cpessimistic aboutDunprep

9、ared for文章中心：完型填空的命題理論規(guī)定，文章的中心思想一般體現(xiàn)在文章首段的首句;有時(shí)首段首句其他段落的首句共同表達(dá)文章中心思想。因此，在選擇具體題目答案前，把握文章中心對(duì)于理解文章語句，把握邏輯關(guān)系，確定語意銜接提供了足夠的信息依據(jù)。文章首段主題句敘述到By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成為獨(dú)立國(guó)家。本文的中心思想為 前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放以及面對(duì)的問題。題目解析：By 1830 the former Sp

10、anish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future.1.Anatives Binhabitants Cpeoples Dindividuals2.AconfusedlyBcheerfully Cworriedly Dhopefully1. 語意辨析題 本題目選擇名詞，在句子中充當(dāng)主語。句子敘述到The roughly 20 millionof these nations looked to th

11、e future. “這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬對(duì)未來?！边x項(xiàng)A. natives 本地人;B. inhabitant居民;C. peoples 民族;D. individuals個(gè)體。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)A. natives 本地人，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬本地人”，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)B. inhabitant居民，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬居民”，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)C. peoples 民族，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬個(gè)民族”，顯然有悖于常理，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)D. individuals個(gè)體，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬個(gè)體”，不符合句子含義，個(gè)體一般用于區(qū)分于集體時(shí)使用。選項(xiàng)A和B都可以在句

12、子中做主語，確定該題目為語意辨析題。前面相鄰語句(或文章中心思想)敘述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成為獨(dú)立國(guó)家?！北揪浣忉屃诉@些居住在擺脫殖民地地位而獨(dú)立的國(guó)家的人們對(duì)于未來的態(tài)度。因此，正確答案為 B。2. 語意辨析題 本題目選擇副詞，在句子中做狀語。句子敘述到The roughly 20 million inhabitants of these nations looked to the future. “

13、這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬居民對(duì)未來?！?選項(xiàng)A. confusedly困惑地;B. cheerfully 高興的;C. worried 擔(dān)心的;D. hopefully 充滿期待地。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)A. confusedly困惑地，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬居民對(duì)未來感到困惑”，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)B. cheerfully 高興的，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬居民對(duì)未來感到高興”，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)C. worried 擔(dān)心的，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬居民對(duì)未來感到擔(dān)心”，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)D. hopefully 充滿期待地，“這些國(guó)家大概有2000萬居民對(duì)未來充滿期待”，符合句子含義。四個(gè)選

14、項(xiàng)似乎在單個(gè)句子中都合理通順，確定該題目為語意辨析題。前面相鄰語句(或文章中心思想)敘述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成為獨(dú)立國(guó)家?！北揪浣忉屃诉@些居住在擺脫殖民地地位而獨(dú)立的國(guó)家的人們對(duì)于未來的態(tài)度。既然獨(dú)立，當(dāng)讓是充滿希望的。因此正確答案D。Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of

15、independence 3 the ideas of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society.3.Ashared Bforgot Cattained Drejected4.Arelated Bclose Copen Ddevoted5.Aaccess Bsuccession Cright Dreturn3. 詞匯辨

16、析題 本句子選擇動(dòng)詞，在句子中充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞。句子敘述到many of the leaders of independence the ideas of representative government “許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都議會(huì)政府?！边x項(xiàng)A. shared 共有;B. forgot 忘記;C. attained 獲得;D. rejected 拒絕.。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，文章中心思想敘述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成

17、為獨(dú)立國(guó)家?！奔热皇仟?dú)立的國(guó)家，那么新的國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人們應(yīng)該推崇一種公平的政治舉措。對(duì)于，當(dāng)時(shí)比較先進(jìn)而且民主的“議會(huì)制度”當(dāng)然應(yīng)該是全力支持的。選項(xiàng)A. shared 共有，“許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都認(rèn)同議會(huì)政府”，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)B. forgot 忘記，“許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都忘記了議會(huì)政府”，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)C. attained 獲得，“許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都獲得了議會(huì)政府”，不符合句子含義，“attain 獲得”一般是通過長(zhǎng)期努力而獲得什么物品，實(shí)現(xiàn)什么目標(biāo)，不能表達(dá)為“獲得議會(huì)政府”;選項(xiàng)D. rejected 拒絕，“許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都拒絕了議會(huì)政府”，不符合文章中心“國(guó)家

18、獨(dú)立”。因此，正確答案為A，許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都認(rèn)同議會(huì)政府。4. 詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇形容詞，在句子中體現(xiàn)前、后名詞之間的關(guān)系。句子敘述many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers _to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, “許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都認(rèn)同議會(huì)政府，職業(yè)于人才，商業(yè)和貿(mào)易自由?！憋@然，短語“careers _to talent”、短語“freedom of commerce and trade”等都是與

19、“認(rèn)同議會(huì)政府”相并列的獨(dú)立國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人們新政的民主政策。應(yīng)該充分體現(xiàn)獨(dú)立和民主。選項(xiàng)A. related 相關(guān)的;B. close 接近的;C. open 開著的;D. devoted 投入的.不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)A. related 相關(guān)的，“職業(yè)相關(guān)于人才”，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)B. close 接近的，“職業(yè)接近于人才”，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)C. open 開著的，“職業(yè)對(duì)于人才開放”，符合文章中心同時(shí)也符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)D. devoted 投入的，“職業(yè)投入于人才”，這種表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該是“人才投入與工作”才是正確的語句表達(dá)。職業(yè)對(duì)人才開放才符合文章“獨(dú)立”這一中心。因此，正確答案為 C。5

20、. 詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇名詞，在句子中體現(xiàn)句子內(nèi)容的連貫性。句子敘述到many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers open to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the_ to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. “許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都認(rèn)同議會(huì)政府，認(rèn)為職業(yè)應(yīng)該向人才開放，認(rèn)可商業(yè)貿(mào)易自由，認(rèn)可私有

21、財(cái)產(chǎn)的，認(rèn)為個(gè)人是社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)。選項(xiàng)A. access to 接近;B. succession to 繼承;C. right to 的權(quán)利;D. return to 返回。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，從前面的“議會(huì)制政府”，“向人才開放的職業(yè)”，“商業(yè)和貿(mào)易自由”可以看出這里提到的是推動(dòng)國(guó)家進(jìn)步和發(fā)展，充分調(diào)動(dòng)人們積極性的另一個(gè)理念“人們對(duì)私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有權(quán)”，故此處選擇right。因此，正確答案為C。6 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be eco

22、nomically viable and integrated by a 7 set of 1aws.6.APresumablyBIncidentallyCObviously DGenerally7.Aunique Bcommon Cparticular Dtypical6. 邏輯關(guān)系題 本題目選擇副詞，體現(xiàn)前、后兩個(gè)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。句子敘述到 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, “有一種的信念，新獨(dú)立的國(guó)家應(yīng)該是自治并且獨(dú)立的國(guó)家?！?選擇邏輯關(guān)系詞，相關(guān)聯(lián)

23、的兩個(gè)句子提供信息決定答案。選項(xiàng)A. Presumably 大概的;B. Incidentally 偶然的;C. Obviously 顯然的;D. Generally 普遍的。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，前面的句子敘述到“many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers open to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the right to private property, and a belief in the individua

24、l as the basis of society. “許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都認(rèn)同議會(huì)政府，認(rèn)為職業(yè)應(yīng)該向人才開放，認(rèn)可商業(yè)貿(mào)易自由，認(rèn)可私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的，認(rèn)為個(gè)人是社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)?！?該句與后面的句子沒有任何內(nèi)容相反或轉(zhuǎn)折的信號(hào)詞，可以判斷兩個(gè)句子是順接關(guān)系，后面承接上一句內(nèi)容而來，繼續(xù)介紹新的獨(dú)立國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都認(rèn)同的理念。因此，正確答案為D。7. 詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇形容詞，在句子中充當(dāng)定語。句子敘述到Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large

25、enough to be economically viable and integrated by a set of 1aws. “有一種普遍接受的信念，新獨(dú)立的國(guó)家應(yīng)該是自治并且獨(dú)立的國(guó)家, 要足夠大并且能夠在經(jīng)濟(jì)上運(yùn)行良好，通過一套的法律將各個(gè)新獨(dú)立的國(guó)家聯(lián)合”。選項(xiàng)A. unique唯一的;B. common普通的;C. particular 特殊的;D. typical 典型的。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，想要“聯(lián)合各個(gè)國(guó)家”只有通過共同接受的法律才能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)A. unique唯一的，體現(xiàn)與眾不同，標(biāo)新立異與 “聯(lián)合國(guó)家”沒有關(guān)聯(lián);選項(xiàng)B. common普通的，共同的，“通過共同接受的法律將各個(gè)新

26、獨(dú)立的國(guó)家聯(lián)合”，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)C. particular 特殊的，體現(xiàn)自身特點(diǎn)“異于常規(guī)”，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)D. typical典型的，指具有既定特點(diǎn)的，不符合句子含義。因此，正確答案為B。On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the Church, 9 there was less agreement 10 the leadership.8.Afreedom Borigin Cimpact Dreform9.Atherefore Bhowever Cindeed Dmoreover10.Awith Babout Camo

27、ng Dby8.語意辨析題 本題目選擇名詞，在句子中做賓語。句子敘述到On the issue of of religion and the position of the Church。“關(guān)于宗教的和教會(huì)地位的問題。”選項(xiàng)A. freedom自由;B. origin 起源;C. impact 影響;D. reform 改革。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)A. freedom of religion“宗教信仰自由”，符合短語表達(dá);選項(xiàng)B. origin of religion “宗教的起源”，符合短語表達(dá);選項(xiàng)C. impact of religion “宗教的影響”，符合短語表達(dá);選項(xiàng)D. reform o

28、f religion “宗教改革”，符合短語表達(dá)。顯然，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)在句子中似乎都合理，確定該題目為語意辨析題。由于前文敘述內(nèi)容未涉及宗教，所以信息在后文。.(完成下面題目發(fā)現(xiàn)，羅馬天主教是西班牙國(guó)教，是西班牙王室唯一認(rèn)可的宗教。多數(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于保留天主教為新國(guó)家的官方宗教;而另一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于終結(jié)排斥其他宗教的狀況。)顯然，關(guān)于宗教信仰的自由問題產(chǎn)生分歧。因此，正確答案為A。9. 邏輯關(guān)系題 本題目選擇邏輯關(guān)系詞，體現(xiàn)前后句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。句子敘述到On the issue of freedom of religion and the position of the Church, there

29、 was less agreement ?！瓣P(guān)于宗教信仰自由和教會(huì)地位的問題，各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間存在分歧?！边x項(xiàng)A. therefore 因此;B. however 然而;C. indeed的確;D. moreover而且。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，第一段最后敘述到Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a set of 1aws. “有一種普遍接受的信念

30、，新獨(dú)立的國(guó)家應(yīng)該是自治并且獨(dú)立的國(guó)家, 要足夠大并且能夠在經(jīng)濟(jì)上運(yùn)行良好，通過一套共同的法律將各個(gè)新獨(dú)立的國(guó)家聯(lián)合”，介紹了新成立的獨(dú)立國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間在治國(guó)理念方面的共識(shí)。而隨后的語句提到的是他們之間存在的分歧，顯然兩部分之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此，正確答案為B。10. 詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇介詞，體現(xiàn)句子內(nèi)容的范圍。句子敘述到On the issue of freedom of religion and the position of the Church, however there was less agreement _the leadership.“關(guān)于宗教信仰自由和教會(huì)地位的問題，各國(guó)

31、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在主導(dǎo)地位.方面存在分歧。”選項(xiàng)A. with和;B. about 有關(guān);C. among 在之中;D. by通過。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，本句表明各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間在宗教問題方面不那么有默契了，among表示“在之間”，這里among the leadership表范圍。其他幾個(gè)介詞與后面內(nèi)容搭配作狀語時(shí)，都不表示范圍。因此，正確答案為C。Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown.11.Aallowed Bpreached Cgranted Dfunded11.詞匯辨析題

32、本題目選擇過去分詞，修飾前面相鄰的名詞。句子敘述到Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one by the Spanish crown. “羅馬天主教過去是西班牙的國(guó)教，是西班牙王室唯一的宗教?！?該過去分詞短語修飾前面的“Roman Catholicism 羅馬天主教”，體現(xiàn)出“Roman crown 羅馬皇室”對(duì)于“羅馬天主教”的態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)A. allowed準(zhǔn)許;B. preached 宣揚(yáng);C. granted 承認(rèn);D. funded資助。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，句中的only可判斷，西班牙王室只承認(rèn)羅馬天主教。選項(xiàng)

33、A. allowed準(zhǔn)許，表示許可，對(duì)于嚴(yán)肅的宗教地位不適用;選項(xiàng)B. preached 宣揚(yáng)，對(duì)于宗教地位應(yīng)該不僅僅是宣揚(yáng)這么膚淺，皇室要通過政治權(quán)利規(guī)定宗教的信仰及其地位，該詞不合理;選項(xiàng)C. granted 承認(rèn)(授權(quán))，符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)D. funded資助，表示通過資金來支持，不符合宗教地位的要求。因此，正確答案為C。12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the 14 of other faiths.1

34、2.ASince BIf CUnless DWhile13.Aas Bfor Cunder Dagainst14.Aspread BinterferenceCexclusion Dinfluence12. 邏輯關(guān)系題 本題目選擇連詞，體現(xiàn)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。句子敘述到 _ most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism , some sought to end the. “大多數(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于保留天主教，一些人致力于結(jié)束。”選擇邏輯關(guān)系詞，相關(guān)聯(lián)的兩個(gè)句子提供信息決定答案。選項(xiàng)A. since因?yàn)?B. if 如果;C. unless 除非;D. whil

35、e 而。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，關(guān)于宗教信仰問題，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人分成兩個(gè)派別，即，“大多數(shù)致力于保留天主教”和“一些人致力于結(jié)束它的統(tǒng)治地位”。顯然，二者觀點(diǎn)相異。因此，正確答案為D。13.詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇介詞，將后面的名詞和前面句子的邏輯關(guān)系。句子敘述到while most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism _ the official religion of the new states, “大多數(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于保留天主教新的官方宗教?！边x項(xiàng)A. as 作為;B. for 為了;C. under 在.之下;D. against 反對(duì)。顯然這里as the offi

36、cial religion of the new states是方式狀語，與maintain搭配使用，符合語意關(guān)系。因此，正確答案為A。14.詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇名詞，在句子中做賓語。句子敘述到some sought to end the of other faiths. “一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于結(jié)束對(duì)于其他宗教信仰的?！边x項(xiàng)A. spread 傳播;B. interference干涉;C. exclusion 排除;D. promised 承諾。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，關(guān)于宗教信仰問題，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人分成兩個(gè)派別，即，“大多數(shù)致力于保留天主教”和“一些人致力于結(jié)束排擠其他宗教的行為”。顯然，二者觀點(diǎn)相異。兩撥人的觀點(diǎn)

37、截然不同，exclusion用在此處符合語境，表示“結(jié)束對(duì)于其他宗教的排擠”。這里使用spread，interference和 influence與前面內(nèi)容均不構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此，正確答案為C。The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the conservative forces.15.AsupportBcryCpleaDwish15.固定搭配題 選擇名詞，構(gòu)成rallying的固定搭配。在句子中充當(dāng)賓語。句子敘述到The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the cons

38、ervative forces. “保衛(wèi)教會(huì)成為保守勢(shì)力的戰(zhàn)斗?！边x項(xiàng)A. support 支持;B. cry 哭喊;C. plea 懇請(qǐng);D. wish 希望。本句與前一句內(nèi)容有隱含的因果關(guān)系，這是由于一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人主張?jiān)试S信仰其他宗教，因此保衛(wèi)教會(huì)成為保守勢(shì)力的戰(zhàn)斗口號(hào)。這里rallying cry為固定搭配。因此，正確答案為B。The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from

39、Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated.16.Aurged Bintended Cexpected Dpromised16.固定搭配題 本題目選擇動(dòng)詞，與to 構(gòu)成搭配，在句子中充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞。句子敘述到Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. “玻利瓦爾得到海地的援助，作為回報(bào)，他在自己解放的地區(qū)廢除奴隸制度?！边x項(xiàng)A. urged 敦

40、促;B. intended 打算;C. expected 期望;D. promised 答應(yīng)。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，從句中的in return可以看出，海地對(duì)玻利瓦爾的幫助并非無條件的，其條件就是后者承諾廢除奴隸制度。選項(xiàng)A. urged 敦促，表示主動(dòng)且積極，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)B. intended 打算，表示主動(dòng)且積極，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)C. expected 期望，表示主觀能動(dòng)性，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)D. promised 答應(yīng)，這里promise to do sth.意為“答應(yīng)做某事”，答應(yīng)是口頭的并非付諸于行動(dòng)的，在此有“陽奉陰違”的意味。因此，正確答案為D。By 1854 slavery

41、had been abolished everywhere except Spains 17 colonies.17.Acontrolling Bformer Cremaining Doriginal17.詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇形容詞，修飾名詞colonies。句子敘述到By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spains _colonies. “到了1854年，除了西班牙的殖民地外，其他的地區(qū)都已經(jīng)廢除奴隸制?！边x項(xiàng)A. controlling正在統(tǒng)治的;B. former原來的;C. remaining遺留的;D. orig

42、inal 原始的。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)A. controlling正在統(tǒng)治的，“到了1854年，除了西班牙正在統(tǒng)治的殖民地外，其他的地區(qū)都已經(jīng)廢除奴隸制”，與前文的陽奉陰違的答應(yīng)廢除奴隸制沒有邏輯上的一致性，不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)B. former原來的，“到了1854年，除了西班牙原來的殖民地外，其他的地區(qū)都已經(jīng)廢除奴隸制”，“原來的”體現(xiàn)出雖然獨(dú)立但是民主的政策卻絲毫沒有效用，顯然不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)C. remaining遺留的，“到了1854年，除了西班牙遺留的殖民地外，其他的地區(qū)都已經(jīng)廢除奴隸制”，即體現(xiàn)了獨(dú)立的舉措，又表現(xiàn)出陽奉陰違的不徹底的廢除奴隸制的行為;選項(xiàng)D. original 原

43、始的，“到了1854年，除了西班牙原始的殖民地外，其他的地區(qū)都已經(jīng)廢除奴隸制”，顯然這樣的表達(dá)沒有任何“獨(dú)立”的跡象，不符合句子含義。因此應(yīng)選 C，指西班牙的殘存的殖民地國(guó)家。Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19 .18.AslowerBfasterCeasierDtougher19.AcreatedBproducedCcontri

44、butedDpreferred18.語義辨析題 本題目選擇副詞的比較級(jí)形式，在句子中表示狀態(tài)。句子敘述到Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much _ because “停止印地安人上貢和對(duì)混血人種征稅的早期承諾實(shí)現(xiàn)得頗為?！边x項(xiàng)A. slower較慢;B. faster較快;C. easier較容易;D. tougher較難。顯然，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)在句子中似乎都是合理的，確定該題目為語意辨析題。上文提到玻利瓦爾承諾廢除奴隸制，到1854年除了西班牙剩余的殖民地外，其他地區(qū)都已廢除

45、奴隸制，因此，根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是說這個(gè)承諾實(shí)現(xiàn)得緩慢，不像廢除奴隸制那樣快，因此，正確答案為A。19.詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇動(dòng)詞，在定語從句中充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞。句子敘述到the new nations still needed the revenue such policies _ . “新的國(guó)家仍然需要這些政策所的稅收收入。”選項(xiàng)A. created 創(chuàng)建;B. produced 產(chǎn)生，生產(chǎn);C. contributed 有助于;D. preferred 更喜歡。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，本題所在部分意為“新國(guó)家仍然需要這些政策所帶來的稅收收入”，這些稅收收入是這些policies帶來的，這里使用produ

46、ce意思相近。選項(xiàng)A. created 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)建，不能與“revenue 收入”構(gòu)成合理的主謂關(guān)系;選項(xiàng)C. contributed 有助于，一般要構(gòu)成“contribute to”的短語才能夠接賓語，在此不符合句子含義;選項(xiàng)D. preferred 更喜歡，一般要構(gòu)成“prefer to”的短語。句子中沒有提供比較的參照，所以不涉及“更喜歡”，不符合句子含義。因此，正確答案為B。Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and de

47、mocracy.20.A puzzled by Bhostile to Cpessimistic about Dunprepared for20. 詞匯辨析題 本題目選擇過去分詞短語，在句子中構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，充當(dāng)謂語。句子敘述到Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was _ self-rule and democracy. “平等的情緒通常被緩解，這是由于擔(dān)心大眾自治和民主。”選項(xiàng)A. puzzled by 困惑;B. hostile to 敵對(duì);C. pessim

48、istic to 悲觀;D. unprepared to 未準(zhǔn)備好。本段前文一直在提人人平等，最后一句指出一種擔(dān)心情緒：大眾未對(duì)自治和民主做好準(zhǔn)備。由于新的獨(dú)立國(guó)家的人們剛剛擺脫了殖民統(tǒng)治，因此人們還沒有充分了解和熟悉自治和民主，這里使用unprepared for符合語境。因此，正確答案為D。全文翻譯到了1830年，原來的西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地變成了獨(dú)立的國(guó)家。這些國(guó)家的大約2千萬居民對(duì)未來充滿期待。許多獨(dú)立國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在舊政權(quán)和伊比利亞殖民注意岌岌可危時(shí)出生，他們都認(rèn)同議會(huì)制政府，向人才開放職業(yè)，商業(yè)貿(mào)易自由，私有財(cái)產(chǎn)所有權(quán)，認(rèn)為個(gè)人是社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)。他們普遍認(rèn)為新國(guó)家應(yīng)該是獨(dú)立的主權(quán)國(guó)家，足夠

49、大，能夠在經(jīng)濟(jì)上切實(shí)可行，由一套共同法律讓各個(gè)新的獨(dú)立國(guó)家聯(lián)合起來。但是，在宗教自由和教會(huì)地位這個(gè)問題上，各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間存在著分歧。羅馬天主教過去是西班牙國(guó)教，是唯一得到西班牙王室承認(rèn)的宗教。多數(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于保留天主教為新國(guó)家的官方宗教，而一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人致力于終結(jié)不能有其他宗教信仰的狀況。保衛(wèi)教會(huì)成為保守勢(shì)力的戰(zhàn)斗口號(hào)。獨(dú)立國(guó)家早期領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者們的理想通常是平等主義，重視一切平等。玻利瓦爾得到海地的援助，作為回報(bào)，他承諾在自己解放的地區(qū)廢除奴隸制。到了1854年，除了西班牙前殖民地外，奴隸制在其他地區(qū)都已被廢除。對(duì)結(jié)素印地安人的上貢問題和對(duì)混血人種的稅收問題的早期承諾較晚才實(shí)現(xiàn)，這是因?yàn)樾陋?dú)立的國(guó)家仍然

50、需要這些政策所帶來的稅收收入。平等的情緒通常由于擔(dān)心大眾沒有準(zhǔn)備好自治和民主而有所緩解。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer pl

51、ayer in 2006s World Cup tournament.you would most likely fend a noteworthy quirk：elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months.If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks，you

52、 would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses：a)certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills;b)winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina;c) soccer-mad pare

53、nts are more likely to conceive children in springtime，at the annual peak of soccer mania;d)none of the above.Anders Ericsson，a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.”Ericsson grew up in Sweden，and studied nuclear engineering un

54、til he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology.His first experiment，nearly 30 years ago，involved memory：training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers.“With the first subject，after about 20 hours of training，his digit spa

55、n had risen from 7 to 20，” Ericsson recalls.“He kept improving，and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”This success，coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined，led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cog

56、nitive exercise than an intuitive one.In other words，whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize，those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information.And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined

57、，was a process known as deliberate practice.Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task.Rather, it involves sexing specific goals，obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits，including soccer.They gather all the data they can，not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results o