2012屆高考英語專題強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)短文改

1、2012屆高考英語專題強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)短文改錯及書面表達(dá)寫作試題：滿分35分，主要考查考生書面表達(dá)能力，例如寫正確句子的能力、使用精彩詞匯、短語的能力、所寫文章邏輯性強(qiáng)的能力等。并且在有限的時間內(nèi)容，快速寫出好句、好 文。本課程要幫助學(xué)生掌握快速寫句、寫文、改錯的方法。強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練一結(jié)構(gòu)課程內(nèi)容：短文改錯/開放性作文課程目標(biāo)：把握改錯方法，提高改錯速度課時：3教學(xué)建議:1、訓(xùn)練前教師可以安排學(xué)生思考高分作文的要素寫作考商在寫作前你是否先列提綱？是否先寫初稿，然后再修改、定稿？寫作過程中，會注意語法使用，尤其時態(tài)的使用是否正確？會盡量避開生僻的詞匯和沒有把握的表達(dá)方法嗎？會用簡單的語句間的連接成分，使文章結(jié)

2、構(gòu)緊湊嗎？是否能在高考前背誦 30-40篇優(yōu)秀范文嗎？2、限時訓(xùn)練后，教師啟發(fā)學(xué)生自查問題，欣賞范文，明確問題3、教師可以在表達(dá)方面進(jìn)行重點說明，例如一詞多義，短語優(yōu)先，句式多樣、連詞使用。4、短文改錯核對答案后，教師要及時帶讀，鞏固成果，提高語感，如果時間容許教師可當(dāng)堂安排短文背誦默寫，強(qiáng)化正確意識，學(xué)生才會對錯誤敏感。5、寫作限時訓(xùn)練后，教師要安排自查自改環(huán)節(jié)，然后再范文分析，通過范文分析反思自己寫的文段。教師也可以根據(jù)學(xué)生的問題進(jìn)行即興強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練，例如造句、翻譯練習(xí)，鞏固短語、連詞等使用能力。6、教師可以根據(jù)學(xué)生情況，靈活處理所提供的素材，例如短文改錯的文段改為聽寫、短文 翻譯（中譯英）等

3、。仿真訓(xùn)練1（做題時間：10分鐘）短文改錯one day, while my friend and i was traveling through1.germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little 2.money. we decided stop at a village market to buy3.something to eat. we choose the cheapest biscuits and 4.ate it under a tree. we thought the biscuits were great. 5

4、.“l(fā)et s got some more, “ i said, they re cheap and they 6.really taste well. my friend could read some german, but 7.i couldn t, and i gave her the biscuit bag to find the name. 8.she looked at it and started to laugh, “how are you laughing? 9.i asked. because they re dog biscuits! ” she said. 10.解題

5、技巧點評短文改錯通?？疾橐韵聨c：1. 一致性：時態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)2 .動詞用法：包括非謂語（動名詞、分詞、不定式）、系動詞（后接形容詞）、及物動詞（無 需介詞，直接跟賓語）或不及物動詞（需加介詞，再跟賓語）等。3 .上下文邏輯：肯定/否定；連詞等。1. wereone day, while my friend and i was traveling throughand為關(guān)鍵詞（a and b ）,所以謂語為復(fù)數(shù)。germany, we werenot very hungry but we only hada little2. not考查邏輯。下文 butonly a little為關(guān)鍵詞。用心

6、愛心專心3money. we decided a stop at a village market to buy3. to考查動詞用法：decide to do sth.something to eat. we choose the cheapest biscuits and 4. chose考查時態(tài)。文章描述的是過去發(fā)生的事。ate it under a tree. we thought the biscuits were great.5. them考查代詞。此處代替上文biscuits ,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！發(fā)et s got some more, “ i said,they re cheap

7、 and they6.get考查動詞形式（非謂語動詞/不定式）：let s do sth.really taste well. my friend could read some german, but7. goodtaste為系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。well作形容詞時只表示身體狀況。i couldn t, and i gave her the b iscuit bag to find the name.8. so考查連詞。通過前后句邏輯解題，即she looked at it and started to laugh, why考查疑問副詞。通過前后句邏輯解題。i gave her 是 i

8、couldnt read german“how are you laughing?的結(jié)果。9.i asked. abecause they re dog biscuits!仿真訓(xùn)練2（做題時間：10分鐘）短文改錯it was a chance of a lifetime to win the first“she said.10.1.prize on the story writing show. all i had to do was to write a story or present it. my teachers have been telling me how great my wr

9、iting was.so if they had said was true, i would have a chance of winning the prize. what were better, i had useful2.3.4.5.6.help. there was uncle chen, gentleman living near my house, who was a very much famous writer. he agreed to reading my story and gave me some advices on how to write like a rea

10、l writer.7.8.9.10.解題技巧點評：千載難逢的機(jī)會。1. va / the / ones chance of a lifetime2. on改為in :考查介詞。in the show 。3. or改為and:考查連詞。write 和present為并列關(guān)系。4. have改為had：考查時態(tài)。通篇文章為過去時態(tài)。此處為過去完成進(jìn)行時，發(fā)生在 all i hadto do之前。5. they前加what:考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句主語是個句子（was是其謂語），且主語從句缺賓語（said的內(nèi)容）。6. were改為was：考查數(shù)的一致性。代詞 what謂語動詞用單數(shù)。7

11、. uncle 后加a：考查冠詞。living near my house 的gentleman因該不止一個，故用 不定冠詞。8. 去掉 much： very修飾形容詞；very much修飾動詞。9. reading 改為read ：考查動詞形式（不定式）：agree to do sth. 。10. advices改為advice : advice為不可數(shù)名詞。仿真訓(xùn)練3（做題時間：10分鐘）短文改錯1.christie was one of my best friend at high school.at that time, we often spend time together. 2

12、.thank to her help, i made great progress inn my3.4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. study. last year, she decided to study abroad. in other words, we would be separated for long time. before her leaving off, i prepared a gift to show my best wishes to him. she said it was the beat gift she has ever had. from th

13、en on, we ve kept touch with each other through e-mails. i look forward to see her again in the near future. 解題技巧點評1. friend friends :考查數(shù)的一致性。one of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。2. spend -spent:考查時態(tài)的一致性。文章開頭和at that time都表明時間為過去。3. thank thanks：慣用法thanks to sth. / sb. :多虧了。4. v5. for a long time :考查冠詞的慣用法。6. 去掉off ： le

14、aving :名詞/動名詞：離開。7. him her：考查人稱的一致性。通過上文多次出現(xiàn)的she或her可知christie 是個女孩。8. has 一had:考查時態(tài)的一致性。9. kept in touch :考查固定短語。10. see -seeing：考查非謂語動詞。look forward to +名詞/動名詞：盼望某事 /做某事。仿真訓(xùn)練4（做題時間：10分鐘）短文改錯after five years away in my hometown, i find that1. the neighborhood which i used to living in has changed

15、2.a lot. the sichuan restaurant and the older fish shop 3.across the street from our middle school were gone.4.there exist now a park that has a small river running 5.through. the factory at the comer of friendship street and 6.zhongshan road has been moved out of the city, and sports7.center has be

16、en built in their place. the market at the comer of 8.friendship street and xinhua road has been given way to 9.a supermarket. besides the bookstore next to our middle10.school is still there.解題技巧點評1. in ffrom :此句表示離開應(yīng)用 from ;2. living flive : used to do sth.表示過去常常做某事，而現(xiàn)在不在做了；3. older fold :這里表示“老的、

17、舊的，不含比較級；4. were -are：表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在了，應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)；5. exist fexists : there be句型中的謂語動詞應(yīng)與be后面的第一個主語來決定，a park為單數(shù)，故謂語動詞也用單數(shù)；6正確；7 a ：根據(jù)謂語是單數(shù)，此句應(yīng)是：一個體育中心建成，故sports 前加不定冠詞；8 . their fits :指代錯誤，根據(jù)句意是指這個城市，應(yīng)用 its ;9 been ：此句不應(yīng)用被動結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用主動形式，故將been 去掉；10 . besides fbut:根據(jù)句意，前、后句是轉(zhuǎn)折，故將 besides改為but。仿真訓(xùn)練 5（做題時間： 10 分鐘）短文改

18、錯hi susan,i m sorry that i wasn t able to return to your1.bike on time yesterday. i mean to give it2.back to you before four in the afternoon， and i3.was hold up on my way back. just before i4.turned corner of park street. i happened to5.see an accident. a little girl was hurt and her6.mother needed

19、 help. so i helped them going to7.the nearest hospital. i stayed here for one and8.9.a half hour and made sure that the girlwere all right. i hope you can understand.10.thank you!li ling解題技巧點評1 去掉第二個to ：考查動詞用法。 return 當(dāng)“返還”講是及物動詞，后直接跟賓語。2 . mean改為meant：考查時態(tài)。 meant to do sth. :本打算做某事(但沒做成)。3 and 改為 b

20、ut ：考查邏輯。通過前后句可看出此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折。4 hold 改為 held ：考查語態(tài)。 be held up ：5 . turned the corner :考查冠詞。the corner of park street :的拐角處。6正確；7 . going改為go：考查非謂語動詞。help sb. (to) do sth. :不定式做賓補(bǔ)。8 here 改為 there ：考查邏輯。 the 表示 the nearest hospital 。9 hour 改為 hours ：考查數(shù)的一致性。10 . were改為was：考查主謂一致。仿真訓(xùn)練 6（做題時間： 10 分鐘）短文改錯假如英語

21、課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處；每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（人），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（） 劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃橫線，并在該下面寫出修改后的詞。注意： 1 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2 只允許修改10 處，多者（從第11 處起）不計分。my friend nick told me story about his experience back in the us, which was very interested. one day he was h

22、aving a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. as the old man looked over the thing on the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for christmas trees. on the box was a card say:“ 25 cents each. ”“you will never sell these for that much.” he told nick.convi

23、nced, nick has broug ht the price up to 10 cents a piece. without a moment s delay, my neighhor picked up the box but announced:“ i ll take them. ”解題技巧點評my friend nick told me a story about his experience back in the us, which was a （考查冠詞。 ）very interested. one day he was having a yard sale and the

24、old man living next door interesting （ -ed 結(jié)尾的形容詞表示被動或完成； -ing 結(jié)尾的形容詞表示主動或進(jìn)行。此處說明的是which ，即 story/experience 的性質(zhì)，是interest 動作的發(fā)出者，故用 ing形式。 ）come by to help. as the old man looked over the thing on the yard that were to be用心 愛心 專心5came（考查時態(tài)的一致性。）in或ground （考查介詞與名詞的搭配。）sold, he stopped at a box of go

25、lden ball for christmas trees. on the box was a cardballs（考查名詞。因為是a box of,所以一定是復(fù)數(shù)形式。）say: 25 cents each.”you will never sell these for that much. he told nick.saying （考查動詞形式。首先要了解此處是介+名的倒裝句，通過句型還原可知動詞形式應(yīng)該是 a card was saying - on the box.）convinced, nick as brought the price up to 10 cents a piece.

26、without a moment s（考查時態(tài)的一致性。） down（考查邏輯。從 25降到10。）delay, my neighhor picked up the box but announced:i ll take them. ”his（考查人稱邏輯。） and （考查結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯。） 仿真訓(xùn)練7（做題時間：10分鐘）開放作文請根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于 50。in your spoken english class, your teacher shows you the following picture. you are asked to describe the pictur

27、e and explain how you understand it.答案in the picture, between two closely-located buildings grows a big tree. unlike most trees, this one bends in the middle, struggling all the way up to get more sunshine. the picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions. faced with difficultie

28、s, they never give up but try their best to find a way out. life can be hard. but if we have the courage and determination, we will finally get the sunshine we want as the tree in the picture does. 解題技巧點評開放作文的命題意圖是考查考生能否比較具體地、清楚地表述自己的想法和感受的能力，鼓勵考生使用細(xì)節(jié)和實例，具體說明所要表達(dá)的思想。開放作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：文章是否扣題；內(nèi)容是否充實、健康；思維是否活躍；

29、邏輯是否清晰； 語言是否規(guī)范；交際是否得體。審圖立意步驟：一審：圖片構(gòu)成、整體感覺；二審：局部與整體的關(guān)系、多角度立意；三審：優(yōu)選立意、確定主題。寫作步驟：1.審題/圖；2.立意；3.定人稱、時態(tài)?？忌Ｒ妴栴}：1 .沒有涉及圖的內(nèi)容；2 .說明部分邏輯不清。議論與說明脫節(jié)；3 .沒有展開議論，內(nèi)容欠豐富。仿真訓(xùn)練8（做題時間：10分鐘）開放作文請根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于50。in your english class, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates ho

30、w you understand it.10cox *答案in the picture, a boy is absorbed in fishing, while others are leaving, empty-handed. finally his efforts pay off, and he gets one big fish. actually, there are still more fish in the water. if those who are heading back could stay longer, they would surely get a good ca

31、tch. so from the childrens different behaviors, we can see that success needs a persons patience because patience plays an important role in the process of achieving goals. stick to what we are doing, and the gain we get will be beyond imagination just like the fish left in the pool.解題技巧點評話題：持之以恒才能成

32、功審題：describe the picture - 圖片描寫（三分之一篇幅）explain how you understand it -對于圖片的理解和自己的觀點（三分之二篇幅）人稱：圖片描述用第三人稱；自己觀點用第一人稱時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時圖片信息：1 .池子里有很多魚，但是表層魚不多，而且大小不同（可以從不同的寫作角度出發(fā)）2 .幾個人正在離開3 . 一個人堅持不走，釣到了大魚發(fā)散角度：恒心；毅力寫作要點：觀點鮮明、積極健康、理由充分、思維獨特、有創(chuàng)造性寫作要領(lǐng)：內(nèi)容充實、邏輯合理、發(fā)散得當(dāng)、語言正確、句式多樣、詞匯豐富、行文連貫 學(xué)生文選1from the picture, we can

33、 see there is a pool, in which many fish are swimming. on the bank, there are four teens. from the tools in their hands we can infer that they all want to catch some fish. instead of waiting, three of them have left because they might not want to spend more time in waiting. still, a boy kept on fish

34、ing and finally he succeeds in catching a fish.what i want to say is that most of us are eager to succeed, while success is hard to come by. it demands many qualities. patience is one of them. after a long way which is full of setbacks and difficulties, many peoplechoose givingup, for theycant stand

35、 waiting anymore. in fact, if they can become more patient, they will be successful. waiting is also a test. become more patient and success will step to you. 學(xué)生文選2there is a small pool, in which there are some fish. four boys go fishing but only a boy does not give up. as the other three boys go ba

36、ck. the boy who does not give up gets a fish. the boy is on his knees and excited for the fish while others go home disappointedly.i am wondering that if the three boys wait for another one minute, they may get fish, too. sometimes if we insist, we will succeed. so we should not give up. if we are i

37、n trouble, we should believe that we can live through it. therefore, do not give up and the fish is ours. never give up and we will achieve our goals. maybe this is the meaning of the picture.強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練二 結(jié)構(gòu) 課程內(nèi)容：情景作文 課程目標(biāo)：把握寫作方法，提高寫作速度 仿真訓(xùn)練9（做題時間：15分鐘）目前，隨著環(huán)保意識的增強(qiáng)，越來越多的人們開始倡導(dǎo)低碳生活。請根據(jù)下面的圖表以及中文提示，用英語寫一篇短文，簡

38、要描述全球近五十年來氣候變化，并分析其產(chǎn)生的主要原因、影響及解決措施。原因1）過多使用礦物燃料；2）過度砍伐森林。影響1）海平囿上升；2）極端天氣現(xiàn)象增加；3）自然平衡被破壞。措施1）控制二氧化碳排放；2）采用新型能源汪思：1.短文必須包括以上圖表所表現(xiàn)的主要內(nèi)容。2.短文單詞數(shù)：100左右（開頭已給出的單詞不計入單詞總數(shù)）用心愛心專心73 參考詞匯：礦物燃料fossil fuels ；二氧化碳carbon dioxide ；釋放： releasethe diagram shows the weather changes in the global climate.yours sincerel

39、y,li hua答案the diagram shows the weather changes in the global climate. it tells us that the global average temperature has increased by 0.8 from 17 in 1951 to 17.8 in2001. thus, we can come to a conclusion that our earth is getting warmer and warmer. as far as we know, the major reason for global wa

40、rming is due to human activities.firstly, the use of fossil fuels by industry releases greenhouse gases. moreover, cutting down forests means that less carbon dioxide can be changed back into oxygen. as a consequence of global warming, the sea level is rising. and people are suffering more extreme w

41、eather of global warming, the sea level is rising. and people are suffering more extreme weather. the increase in temperature is also causing much damage to the balance of nature.it s high time that we should take measures to protect our earth. not only can we control the releasing of carbon dioxide

42、, but also we can be encouraged to use new energy, such as solar energy.in a word, only in this way can we make our earth a better place for our human beings. 解題技巧點評情景作文的命題意圖是考查考生能否根據(jù)所給情景（表格、圖、文字等）撰寫主題明確、內(nèi)容完整、 語言連貫的短文能力。 在考查考生的書面語言水平的同時， 還考查他們的想象能力和邏輯思維能力，考查他們能否清楚地表達(dá)試題要求表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。記敘文常包含三個主要部分：開頭段：多是背景的介

43、紹，交代時間、地點、人物等（ when, where, who ） ；主體段：講述故事的情節(jié)（what ） ，可以由一個或幾個段落構(gòu)成；結(jié)尾段：故事的結(jié)局（ ending ）是對全文進(jìn)行歸納、總結(jié)，或思想提升。仿真訓(xùn)練 10（做題時間： 15 分鐘）目前，一些諸如gg、 mm、 xia mi 等的網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言在青少年中極為盛行。你校學(xué)生會在同學(xué)中就對網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言的看法進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，調(diào)查結(jié)果見下面餅狀圖（ pie chart ） 。請根據(jù)圖中信息，用英語寫一篇短文，介紹同學(xué)們的看法，并表達(dá)你自己的觀點。注意： 1. 短文的開頭已為你寫好。2. 詞數(shù)不少于60 。35%生動、時尚答案at present,

44、internet slang, such as gg ,mm ,xia mi” , has become popularamong the teenagers. according to a survey conducted by our students union,students opinions on this issue are divided.most of the students are in favor of internet slang. about 35%of the students hold the view that internet slang is vivid

45、and fashionable. another 33% of them enjoy its humor and intelligence. and a quarter of the students believe it makes chatting on the internet more convenient.however, there are 7 %of the students thinking internet slang lacks depth of thought and is too casual. in addition, it is hard for most peop

46、le to understand and accept this kind of slang. if it is used too much in a passage, it may make readers confused, and even cause misunderstanding.in my opinion, living in the information age, if we are not familiar with internet slang, we are likely to fall behind.解題技巧點評審題：話題：網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言；文體：對比型寫作；時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時

47、；人稱：第三人稱。餅圖信息要點：1 .生動、時尚：35%,2 .幽默、充滿智慧：33%3 .使網(wǎng)上聊天更快捷方便：25%,4 .沒有思想性、太簡單；過多使用會使人不解，甚至誤解：7%寫作要領(lǐng)：要點全面、前后連貫、敘述流暢、點題準(zhǔn)確。 寫作過程：注意人稱、時態(tài)的正確應(yīng)用；要點齊全；行文連貫，句式多樣，語法正確，用詞恰當(dāng)。仿真訓(xùn)練11（做題時間：15分鐘）假設(shè)你是李華，奧運(yùn)會期間你和你的同學(xué)們參加了志愿者工作。請根據(jù)下圖提示，給你的英國筆友peter寫一封信，介紹你們當(dāng)志愿者的經(jīng)歷并簡單談?wù)勀愕母惺?。注息? .信的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。2 .詞數(shù)不少于60。dear peter,sorry i

48、haven t written to you for a long time. i was lucky to be a volunteer in the olympic games. i ve learned a lot from the volunteer work.the 2012 olympic games will be held in london. would you like to be a volunteer as well? please tell me your plan in your next letter.best wishes,li hua答案dear peter,

49、sorry i haven t written to you fo r a long time. i was lucky to be a volunteer in the olympic games. i ve learned a lot from the volunteer work.before the olympic games, all of us received special training. under the guidance of the trainer, we got to know what jobs we could do and what we should pa

50、y attention to.during the games, some of us stood outside the stadium, guiding the audience to go into the bird s nest with loudspeakers.some worked at the information center andoffered all kinds of help. others acted as tour guides and took foreigners to someplaces of interest, such as the great wa

51、ll and the summerpalace, which helped them to get a better understanding of chinese culture.being a volunteer was a valuable experience for me. not only did i help others, but also i made many friends. besides, i felt i could do something for our country. the 2012 olympic games will be held in londo

52、n. would you like to be a volunteer as well? please tell me your plan in your next letter.best wishes , li hua 解題技巧點評 本文是一篇記敘文，話題是奧運(yùn)志愿者活動。時態(tài)為一般過去時，人稱用第一人稱我們。寫 作要點：1.接受培訓(xùn)；2.引導(dǎo)觀眾入場；3.提供幫助；4.當(dāng)導(dǎo)游。每幅圖中的主要人物 都不同，說明志愿者服務(wù)是我和我的同學(xué)們共同完成的，不是我一個人完成的，所以注意人稱代詞的使用。仿真訓(xùn)練12（做題時間：15分鐘）北京大學(xué)2010年將試行有中學(xué)校長實名推薦的招生改革。被推薦的學(xué)生高

53、考成績可獲得30分的加分。2009年11月16日北大公布了 39所具有推薦資格的中學(xué)名單。北大這一舉措在 全國引起了激烈的爭論。請根據(jù)以下要點給中國日報寫一篇有關(guān)這場爭論的報導(dǎo)，并表達(dá)你對這場爭論的看法。（至少兩點）支持方意見反對方意見是改革當(dāng)前局考制度的大膽嘗試。能確保高素質(zhì)學(xué)生和有特殊才華學(xué)生進(jìn)入流大學(xué)。促進(jìn)中學(xué)重視學(xué)生的全面發(fā)展?？赡軐?dǎo)致作假。對全國許多中學(xué)不公平。給被推薦的學(xué)生加分沒意義。你的看法：1.。2.。汪思：對所給要點要逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。詞數(shù)100字左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：大膽的 boldpeking university will enro

54、ll students recommended by high school principals in2010.the recommended students will have extra 30 points added to their national college entrance exam scores. peking university s move has set off a nationwide debate.答案peking university will enroll students recommended by high school principals in

55、2010.the recommended students will have extra 30 points added to their nationalcollege entrance exam scores. peking university s move has set off a nationwidedebate.somepeople approve of this move. they think this is a bold attempt peking university has made at reforming the current university entra

56、nce system. this move providesquality students and students talented in certain subjects with an opportunity toenter first- class universities and ensure that they aren t overlooked simplybecause of their performance in the national university entrance exam. meanwhile, it will push high schools to pay more attention to the students all -round development.however, quite a few people object to the move. firstly, it may lead to cheating.secondly, only 39 schools are qualified to recommend students, which i