[專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料]專業(yè)八級分類模擬203

1、專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬203專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬203專業(yè)八級分類模擬203LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each ga

2、p. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIR TY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work. Th

3、e American Education System . First characteristics A. No 1 education system or curriculum. B. Department of Education of each state: 2 for the school. C. Public schools: 3 from the state. D. School districts: - governed by 4 - divided into - elementary school: students in 5 and grades 1-6 - middle

4、school: grades 6-8 - 6 : grades 9-12; take a variety of courses . Second characteristics: 7 for all students until age 16 A. 8 : pass all of the required courses B. option after graduating from high school: 9 . Admission requirements and credit hour system in university A. 10 : - high school course

5、of study - high school GPA, SAT, or ACT - 11 - personal interview B. credit hour system: complete 12 of credit hours C. admission to 13 : - completion of 14 , undergraduate coursework, GPA - a written essay as part of their application - a minimum score on 15 (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標(biāo)題名) 1.答案: country-level

6、聽力原文 The American Education System Good morning, everyone. Today, our topic will be focused on the American educational system. International students who come to the United States may wonder about their American classmates prior education. Due to its local variations, the American education system

7、appears confusing. In addition, the structure and procedures at American universities differ somewhat from other systems, such as the British model. This is a brief overview of the American school and university systems. To begin with, because the country has a federal system of government that has

8、historically valued local governance, no country-level education system or curriculum exists in the United States. The federal government does not operate public schools. Each of the fifty states has its own Department of Education that sets guidelines for the schools of that state. Public schools a

9、lso receive some funding from the state, although much of the funding comes from local property taxes. Public colleges and universities receive funding from the state in which they are located. Each states legislative body decides how many tax dollars will be given to public colleges and universitie

10、s. Students in grades 1-12 do not pay tuition. College and university students do pay tuition, but many earn scholarships or receive loans. Much of the control of American public schools lies in the hands of each local school district. Each school district is governed by a school board, a small comm

11、ittee of people elected by the local community or appointed by the local government. The school board sets general policies for the school district and insures that state guidelines are met. Generally, school districts are divided into elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools. Elementary

12、 schools are composed of students in kindergarten and grades 1-6. Many children attend kindergarten when they are five-years-old. Children begin 1st grade at age six. Middle school is composed of students in grades 6-8 and high school contains grades 9-12. High school students are required to take a

13、 wide variety of courses in English, mathematics, science, and social science. They may also be required to take foreign language or physical education, and they may elect to take music or art courses. Many high schools also offer vocational training courses. A course can be one semester or two seme

14、sters in length. The academic year generally begins in late August and ends in early June. In the United States, education is compulsory for all students until age sixteen. According to the US Census Bureau, 85% of students graduate from high school. Most high school students graduate at the age of

15、seventeen or eighteen-years-old. A student graduates after he or she has successfully passed all of the required courses. Grades are given to students for each course at the end of each semester. The grading scale is A (excellent), B (above average), C (average), D (below average), and F (failing).

16、A student who fails a required course must take the course again. In 1970, about half of all American students who graduated from high school went to community college or university. Today, nearly three out of four American high school graduates go to college or university. Students have the option

17、of attending a two-year community college (also known as a junior college) before applying to a four-year university. Admission to community college is easier, tuition is lower, and class sizes are often smaller than those in a university. Community college students can earn an Associates degree and

18、 transfer course credits to a university. As to admission to a university, although admission policies vary from one university to the next, most determine admission based on several criteria, including a students high school course of study, high school GPA, SAT or ACT exam scores, written essay, a

19、nd possibly a personal interview. Universities often require students to write an essay as a part of the application process. The length and content of the essay is determined by each admission office. The applicant also may be required to have a personal interview with a representative from the adm

20、issions office. After applicants have successfully got enrolled, they may receive a liberal education in most of the universities, which means students are required to take courses across several disciplines before they specialize in a major field of study. Graduate and professional (such as medicin

21、e or law) programs are specialized. At the university level, most courses are only one semester long. Each course is assigned a number of credit hours. Credit hours are usually based on how much time is spent in class. Most courses are 3 credits. However, some courses may be 1, 2, 4 or 5 credits. Al

22、l degree programs require students to complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduation. Most Bachelors degree programs in the United States do not require students to write a final thesis. Selection for admission to a graduate program is based on several criteria. These include completion

23、 of a Bachelors degree, the students undergraduate coursework, and their GPA. Students are also expected to write an essay as part of their application or submit a writing sample. Most Masters programs require students to have a minimum score on GRE, which tests verbal, quantitative, and analytical

24、writing skills. If students continue to take courses at the graduate level, a final thesis is required for most Masters programs. Doctoral students take courses until they have earned enough credit hours to attempt their qualifying examinations, which are usually taken over several days and often in

25、clude both a written and oral component. After doctoral students pass their qualifying exams, they are advanced to candidacy and can begin writing their dissertations. Before the degree is given, the completed dissertation must be orally defended before the candidates faculty committee. To conclude

26、my lecture, we can say that American educational system has its unique characteristics. First, there is no country-level education system or curriculum that exists in the United States. Actually, much of the control of American public schools lies in the hands of local school districts, which can be

27、 divided into elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools. Besides, in the United States, education is compulsory for all students until age sixteen. Finally, we also talked about the admission requirements and the credit hour system of the undergraduate as well as graduate program in Ameri

28、can universities. 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)講座原文可知美國沒有全國統(tǒng)一的教學(xué)體系或大綱： To begin with, because the country has a federal system of government that has historically valued local governance, no country-level education system or curriculum exists in the United States.2.答案: set guidelines解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。講座中提到：The federal government

29、does not operate public schools. Each of the fifty states has its own Department of Education that sets guidelines for the schools of that state. 每個州都有自己的教育部，為學(xué)校設(shè)定教學(xué)大綱。3.答案:receive funding解析 要點(diǎn)題。講座中明確指出每個州的公立學(xué)校都從各自所在的州領(lǐng)取基金。4.答案:a school board解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。Much of the control of American public schools lies

30、 in the hands of each local school district. Each school district is governed by a school board, a small committee of people elected by the local community or appointed by the local government. 學(xué)校由所在區(qū)的學(xué)校董事會統(tǒng)一管理。5.答案:kindergarten解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)講座原文“Elementary schools are composed of students in kindergarte

31、n and grades 1-6. ”可以直接得出答案為kindergarten。6.答案:high school解析 要點(diǎn)題。講座中明確講到美國的教育體制包括小學(xué)、中學(xué)和大學(xué)。7.答案:compulsory解析 歸總題。根據(jù)講座原文In the United States, education is compulsory for all students until age sixteen. 可知，美國為十六歲和十六歲以下的公民提供義務(wù)教育。8.答案:requirement for graduation解析 歸總題。講座提到：A student graduates after he or s

32、he has successfully passed all of the required courses.A student who fails a required course must take the course again. 可見畢業(yè)要求是必須通過所有必修課，因此空格內(nèi)應(yīng)該填入意為畢業(yè)要求的詞組，例如requirement for graduation，這里需要自己概括講座相關(guān)內(nèi)容。9.答案:college/university解析 推斷題。講座中提到學(xué)生高中畢業(yè)后，可進(jìn)入大專院校或大學(xué)就讀。10.答案:university admission criteria/require

33、ments解析 歸總題。講座相關(guān)內(nèi)容為：As to admission to a university, although admission policies vary from one university to the next, most determine admission based on several criteria.可見填空題下文是大學(xué)入學(xué)要求，因此答案可以歸納為university admission criteria/requirements。11.答案:(a)written essay解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)講座原文“.based on several criteria,

34、 including a students high school course of study, high school GPA, SAT or ACT exam scores, written essay, and possibly a personal interview. ”可以直接得出答案。12.答案: a minimum number解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。講座提到：All degree programs require students to complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduation. 因此答案為最低學(xué)分?jǐn)?shù)a

35、minimum number。13.答案: a graduate program解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。講座相關(guān)內(nèi)容為研究生入學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：Selection for admission to a graduate program is based on several criteria. 因此答案為a graduate program。14.答案: a Bachelors degree解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。Selection for admission to a graduate program is based on several criteria. These include completion of a

36、Bachelors degree, the students undergraduate coursework, and their GPA. 學(xué)生要拿到學(xué)士學(xué)位以后，才能攻讀碩士學(xué)位。15.答案: GRE (test)解析 細(xì)節(jié)題?？筛鶕?jù)講座原話Most Masters programs require students to have a minimum score on the GRE, which tests verbal, quantitative, and analytical writing skill. 可以直接得出答案。SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this s

37、ection you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you shou

38、ld read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標(biāo)題名) 1.A.20,000 Australian dollars.B.12,000 Australian dollars.C.21,000 Australian dollars.D.2,000 Australian dollars.答案:B聽力原文 I: Hello, everyone. T

39、oday we are greatly honored to have Mr. Malcolm, an expert on education in Australia, to tell us some precautions overseas students should take when studying there. Well, Mr. Malcolm. M: Thank you, Alexandra. I: You know, Mr. Malcolm, there are more and more overseas students who apply for further s

40、tudy in Australia. What should they pay most attention to? M: Money, of course. In the mid-1990s it is estimated that a student living alone requires an average of 12,000 Australian dollars in living expenses for each year of study. Of course, these costs increase with time. I: Then what about share

41、d accommodation on campus? Is it cheaper? M: This kind of accommodation requires an average of 10,000 per year. But it may not be suitable for all. I think it is preferable for overseas students whose English is in need of practice to take advantage of live-in situations with native speakers wheneve

42、r possible. However, sharing with friends who are easy to communicate with is probably more sensible at first. Also, it can save money. I: Then how about transportation? Should students buy a car when they arrive there? M: Well, owning and maintaining a motor vehicle is quite expensive in Australia.

43、 Insurance is compulsory and costly, and parking both on and off campus can be a problem requiring additional expense. Therefore it is not advisable for a student to hold a car unless it is absolutely necessary. Even second-hand cars are quite expensive. They can cost in excess of 4,000 Australian d

44、ollars. I: Then how can students go to school without a car? M: Most educational institutions are serviced by reliable public transport. The university and college campuses within the major cities are well served by public buses. In addition, the larger cities have extensive subway systems. For exam

45、ple, in Sydney, most college and university campuses are only 10 or 20 minutes from a rail station. I: That sounds reasonable. Then lets come to study necessities. I mean textbooks and stationery items. How much do they cost per year? M: Well, I dont think students should rush into buying expensive

46、textbooks. It is advisable to wait until your first lectures and tutorial, and then ask academic staff which are the essential purchases. There is usually a second-hand bookshop on campus, and used books are also advertised on faculty notice boards. As for stationery, the Students Union coordinates

47、a number of outlets on the various university campuses that provide stationery items and other essential study equipment at reasonable prices. Some courses require specialized equipment which can be quite costly, and it is wise to check any additional costs involved with the course of your choice. I

48、n general, those practically orientated courses tend to incur higher additional costs. Expenses for books, stationery, and equipment vary greatly, but you should allow approximately 500 to 1,000 Australian dollars a year. I: Oh, I see. Students really have to prepare a lot of money. But can they hav

49、e part-time jobs during study so that they can ease the tension? M: Well, under present immigration regulations, international students are allowed to work up to 20 hours during term time and full-time during vacation. How much was estimated living cost each year in Australia in the mid-1990s? 解析 細(xì)節(jié)

50、題。錄音開頭Malcolm先生提到In the mid-1990s it is estimated that a student living alone requires an average of 12,000 Australian dollars in living expenses for each year of study. 故選B。2.A.Overseas students can practice English with native speakers.B.Overseas students can save money.C.Overseas students can com

51、municate with each other.D.Overseas students can access to local resources easier.答案:A聽力原文 What is the benefit of living in shared accommodation on campus? 解析 推斷題。Malcolm先生提到對于shared accommodation并不是適合每個人的，他說I think it is preferable for overseas students whose English is in need of practice to take

52、advantage of live-in situations with native speakers whenever possible. 所以對于想要和當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽谝黄鹛嵘约赫Z言水平的同學(xué)來說是個好選擇。3.A.Private cars.B.Second-hand cars.C.Public buses.D.Subway.答案:D聽力原文 What transportation students are suggested to take while studying in Sydney according to Mr. Malcolms suggestion? 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。詢問留學(xué)生在

53、悉尼應(yīng)采用什么交通工具。錄音原文里提到：In addition, the larger cities have extensive subway systems. For example, in Sydney, most college and university campuses are only 10 or 20 minutes from a rail station. (許多大城市都有四通八達(dá)的地鐵線路。例如，在悉尼，大專院校距離地鐵車站一般只有10至20分鐘的路程。)由此可見Malcolm先生建議留學(xué)生在悉尼坐地鐵，答案是D。4.A.They can buy new ones bec

54、ause books are very cheap.B.They can borrow books from senior students.C.They can photocopy books from lectures and tutorials.D.They can buy essential books at the second-hand bookshop.答案:D聽力原文 According to Mr. Malcolm, how can overseas students get textbooks? 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。關(guān)于教科書問題，受訪者說道：I dont think stude

55、nts should rush into buying expensive textbooks. It is advisable to wait until your first lectures and tutorial, and then ask academic staff which are the essential purchases. There is usually a second-hand bookshop on campus, and used books are also advertised on faculty notice boards. 表明他建議學(xué)生在第一次課

56、程講座和指南后再去二手書店買必須使用的書籍，因此答案是D。5.A.Up to 12 hours.B.Up to 20 hours.C.Up to 18 hours.D.Up to 24 hours.答案:B聽力原文 How many hours international students are allowed to work during school time? 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。錄音中提到under present immigration regulations, international students are allowed to work up to 20 hours durin

57、g term time. 即學(xué)生上課期間，最多每周工作20個小時。 (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標(biāo)題名) 6.A.They are easy to find but the wage is low.B.They are difficult to find but the wage is high.C.They are difficult to find and will distract your study.D.They are easy to find and will contribute to your study.答案:C聽力原文 M: However, it is impossible for students to expect to earn sufficient f