英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧、解題步驟

1、.英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧-解題步驟王老師說(shuō)，同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲩喿x理解時(shí)，可遵循三部曲的原則，即：快速閱讀短文;認(rèn)真逐題作答;復(fù)查校對(duì)答案。第一步，快速閱讀短文;通讀測(cè)試題，明確考查點(diǎn)。先讀題，明確題目要求，弄清考點(diǎn)，然后帶著問(wèn)題去讀文章，這種方法在英語(yǔ)中稱為scanning，就是尋讀。快速閱讀一遍弄清段落大意，對(duì)全文有一個(gè)整體了解，閱讀時(shí)從宏觀入手，掌握中心意思，注意哪些用以說(shuō)明中心意思的主要事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)，抓住關(guān)鍵詞，弄清作者寫此篇文章的目的及意圖。如遇到生詞，應(yīng)先跳過(guò)，繼續(xù)通讀全文，切忌長(zhǎng)時(shí)間死扣生詞，因?yàn)橛行┥~并不影響對(duì)全文的理解，還有一些詞可以通過(guò)上下文推測(cè)含義。第二步，認(rèn)真逐題作答。看完短文后

2、，對(duì)整篇短文的內(nèi)容有了大致的了解，然后馬上看后面的問(wèn)題，帶著問(wèn)題去找答案。如果屬于客觀信息題，就可直接在短文中找到出處。如果是主觀判斷題，則應(yīng)迅速再讀全文，仔細(xì)分析思考，將近似的答案對(duì)照原文反復(fù)比較，推敲，選出最佳答案。第三步，仔細(xì)校對(duì)所選答案。做完所有題目后，再讀一遍短文，逐一檢查所有答案是否有誤。如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要隨意更改。一定要從原文中找到依據(jù)，方可更正。-閱讀技巧要快速瀏覽全文，掌握主旨和大意，特別注意文章的主題句，理出作者的寫作思路。(What is the idea?What are facts?)要盡快瀏覽課文后的思考題，盡量帶著問(wèn)題讀;完成事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí)，要找到定位句;

3、要把有關(guān)WHO，WHAT，WHERE，HOW和WHY等方面內(nèi)容用筆圈畫出來(lái)。遇到推理判斷題時(shí)，要注意作者的態(tài)度和命題人的意圖，不可從個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)出發(fā)?！白鲇⒄Z(yǔ)閱讀理解時(shí)，答題也有講究。如果同學(xué)們具備一定的答題技巧，那么最終將事半功倍。”王老師說(shuō)，做猜測(cè)詞義題、細(xì)節(jié)理解題、主旨?xì)w納題、推理判斷題都有一定的技巧。英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧一、猜測(cè)詞義題閱讀理解經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到生詞，這些生詞怎么解決呢?這就需要一些猜詞的技巧。(一)根據(jù)生活常識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義Children are always boasting.They say things like“My Dads car is bigger than your

4、Dads，”“My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.”The word“boasting” means _B_A.驕傲 B.吹牛 C.頑皮 D.幼稚Many plants and animals are going extinct.Mammoths，which are related(有關(guān)聯(lián)的) with Asia elephants，are now extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today.1.A mammoth is a kind o

5、f _C_.A.plant B.bird C.animal D.tree2.The word extinct means _C_A.出現(xiàn) B.危險(xiǎn) C.滅絕Usually people make dumplings at home.If you have no time to make them，you can buy them from any supermarket. Then you take them home and eat them with vinegar.The wor d“vinegar” means 醋Water is made from oxygen and hydrog

6、en.The words“oxygen and hydrogen” mean 氫和氧(二)根據(jù)上下文的意思來(lái)猜測(cè)1.Some people like to walk quickly home after work，but I prefer to stroll home and look at the store windows along the way.(溜達(dá))2.She is usually prompt for all her classes，but today she arrives quite late.(準(zhǔn)時(shí)的)3.The door is so low that I hit my

7、head on the lintel.(門梁)(三)根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜詞，首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，ofcourse，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：You shouldnt have blamed him for that，for it wasnt his fault.通過(guò)for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò))，可猜出blame的詞義是“責(zé)備”。(四)通過(guò)同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞通過(guò)同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞

8、詞組，如happya nd gay，即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過(guò)程中使用的同義詞，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞，但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個(gè)詞都屬于“行星”這一義域。通過(guò)反義詞猜詞，一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如but，while，however等;二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語(yǔ)，如：He i

9、s so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根據(jù)not at all.handsome我們不難推測(cè)出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。(五)通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜詞在閱讀文章時(shí)，總會(huì)遇上一些新詞匯，有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來(lái)推斷其詞意，而它們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用，此時(shí)，如掌握了一些常用的詞根、前綴、后綴等語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，如前綴un-表反義詞，如happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant等;后綴-ment表名詞，如develop、development，state、statement，ar

10、gue、argument等;后綴-er、-or或-ist表同源名詞;如calculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer，wait、waiter，sci-ence、scientist，art、artist等，這些問(wèn)題便不難解決了。(六)通過(guò)定義或釋義關(guān)系來(lái)推測(cè)詞義例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的時(shí)期，即drought，由此可見drought意

11、思為“久旱”，“旱災(zāi)”。而a dry period和drought是同義語(yǔ)。這種同義或釋義關(guān)系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折號(hào)等來(lái)表示。(七)通過(guò)句法功能來(lái)推測(cè)詞義例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞，可以從這兩個(gè)詞在句中所處的位置來(lái)判斷它們大致的意思。從句中不難看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同類關(guān)系，同屬fr

12、uit類，因此它們是兩樣水果，準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，是菠蘿和椰子。(八)通過(guò)描述猜詞描述即作者為幫助讀者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而對(duì)該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內(nèi)在特征的描寫。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥類。后面更詳盡地描述了該鳥類的生活習(xí)性。英語(yǔ)閱

13、讀理解解題技巧二、細(xì)節(jié)理解題首先瀏覽一遍題目，看清題目要求理解什么細(xì)節(jié)，然后有選擇性地在文中找出相應(yīng)的段落句子或短語(yǔ)，認(rèn)真分析理解，選出正確答案。Example1：What do you think of your teachers?Now，American students can say what they think on a new website!On ，students canrate(評(píng)定) their teachers.So far，there have been 2 million ratings for 365，000 teachers at 21，000 schools

14、in the US and Canada.Where can the students rate(評(píng)定) their teachers according to the passage?(A)A.On a new websiteB.At the classmeetingC.In the classroom.D.Out of the schoolExample2：Years ago，many zoos kept all kinds of animals in small cages.Small cages made it easy for people to see the animals，but a small cage is not a good place for an animal to live in.Today zoos keep animals in different kinds of cages.The cages are very big and open.They usually have