常用的前綴和后綴

1、、常用的前綴和后綴1、常用前綴aero- : concerning the air of aircraftplane aeroplanespace aerospace anti- : against ； opposite of nuclear antinuclear matter antimatterwarantiwar auto- : of or by oneself biography autobiography criticism autocriticism be- : to treat as the stated thing friend befriendlittle belittle

2、 bi- : two ； twice ； doublelingual bilingualcycle bicycle bio- : concerning living things chemistry biochemistry sphere biosphereby- , bye- : less important produce by-produce way byway centi- : hundredth part grade centigrade meter centimeter co- : together , withauthor coauthorexist coexist,withco

3、l- : ( used before l ) together location collocation-:(used before b , m p ) together , with passion compassion con- : together , withcentric concentricfederation confederationcontra- : oppositediction contradictionnatural contranaturalcor- : ( used before r ) together, withrelate correlaterespond c

4、orrespondcounter- : oppositeact counteractattack counterattackcross- : across ； going between the stated things and joining themcountry crosscountrybreed crossbreedde- : showing an opposite ； to remove ； to reducecodedecodevalue devaluedis- : not ； the opposite ofadvantage disadvantageagree disagree

5、honest dishonest em-: ( used before b , m, p ) to cause to become bodyembodypower empower；to makeen- : to cause to becomedangerendangerlarge enlarge ex- : former ( and still living )minister ex-ministerwife ex-wife extra- : outside ； beyondcurricular extracurricularordinary extraordinary fore- : in

6、advance , before ； in or at the front armforearm warn forewarn il- : ( used before l ) notlegal illegalliterate illiterateim- : ( used before b , m, p ) notmoral immoralpossible impossiblein- : notdirect indirectsensitive insensitive infra- : below in a range ； beyond red infraredstructureinfrastruc

7、tureinter- : between ； among changeinterchangenationalinternational intra- : inside , within ； intocityintracitydepartmentintra-departmentir- : (used before r ) not regularirregularresponsibleirresponsiblekilo- : thousand gramkilogrammeterkilometer macro-: large , esp. concerning a whole system rath

8、er than particular parts ofeconomicsmacroeconomicsmal- : bad or badlyfunctionmalfunctiontreatmaltreatmicro- : extremely smallcomputermicrocomputerelectronicsmicroelectronicsmid- : middledaymiddaynightmidnightmini- : small ； shortbusminibusskirtminiskirtmis- : bad or badly ； wrong or wronglyfortunemi

9、sfortuneunderstandmisunderstandmono-: one； singleplanemonoplanetonemonotonemulti- : more than one ； manypurposemultipurposenationalmultinationalnon- : notresidentnon(-)residentsensenonsenseout- : outside ； beyondliveoutlivedooroutdoorover- : too much ； above ； additionalheadoverheadtimeovertimepoly-

10、 : manycentricpolycentricsyllabicpolysyllabicpost- : later than ； aftergraduatepostgraduatewarpostwarpre- : before ； in advancepayprepaywarprewarpro- : in favor of , supportingAmericapro-Americaabortionpro-abortionpseudo- : not real ； falsenamepseudonymsciencepseudosciencere- : again ； back to the f

11、ormer stateunitereuniteusereuse；of , to , with , for ,or inself- : by means of oneself or itself oneself or itselfemployedself-employedtaughtself-taughtsemi- : half ； partly circlesemicirclefinalsemifinal step- : not by birth but through a parent who has remarriedmotherstepmotherchildrenstepchildren

12、sub- : under, below ； less important ； part of the stated biggerwholedividesubdividesectionsubsectionsuper- : more, larger , greater than usual marketsupermarketnaturalsupernaturaltele- : at or over a long distance ； by or for television communicationtelecommunicationscreentelescreentherm(o)- : conc

13、erning heat chemistrythermochemistrymeterthermometer trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; betweenAtlantic transatlanticplant transplanttri-: three; three timesangular triangularcycle tricycleultra-: beyond; very, extremelymodern ultramodernsound ultrasound un-: notcertain uncertain fortunate

14、 unfortunate under-: too little; belowdevelop underdevelopseaunderseauni-: one, singerform uniformdirectional unidirectional vice-: next in the rank; belowchairman vice-chairmanpresident vice-president2.常用后綴(1 )名詞后綴-ability, -ibilityable ability flexible flexibility-agepost postage short shortage-al

15、 arrive arrival refuse refusal-an , -ian , -arian library librarian music musician-ance , -ence appear appearance refer reference-ancy , -ency emerge emergency expect expectancy-ant , -entapply applicant correspond correspondent -cyaccurate accuratcyprivate privacy-domking kingdomfree freedom-ee emp

16、loyemployee interview interviewee-er , -or , -arpaint painterbegbeggar-erybrave braveryslave slavery-eseChina ChinaeseJapan Japanese-ess actor actress waiter waitress -fulhandhandfulspoon spoonful-hood child childhood mar manhood-icselectron electronics linguist linguistics-ion , -ition , -ation col

17、lect collection observe observation-ismMarxMarxismsocialist socialism-istpsychiatry psychiatristviolin violinist-ity , -tycruel cruelty pure purity-ment move movementretireretirement-nessdarkdarknesshappyhappiness-ologyclimateclimatologyfuturefuturology-shipfriendfriendshipscholarscholarship-sion ,

18、-ssiondecidedecisionexpandexpansion-thgrowgrowthwidewidth-urecloseclosureexposeexposure(2) 動詞前綴-endeepdeepenfastfasten-ifyclassclassifysimplesimplify-ize , -isemodernmodernize / modernizepopularpopularize / popularize(3) 形容詞后綴-able , -iblesuitsuitablequestionquestionable-alnaturenaturalstructurestru

19、ctural-an , -arian , -iansuburbsuburbanCanadaCanadian-ant , -entdifferdifferentpleasepleasant-ary , -oryadviseadvisorycustomcustomary-ateconsiderconsideratefortunefortunate-engoldgoldenwoodwooden-eseChinaChineseJapanJapanese-freecarecarefreedutyduty-free-fulcarecarefulpainpainful-ic , -icalatomatomi

20、cpsychologypsychological-ishgirlgirlishchildchildish-ivecreatecreativesupportsupportive-lesshopehopelesspainpainless-likechildchildlikeladyladylike-lymanmanlymonthmonthly-ous , -iousdangerdangerouspoisonpoisonous-sometiretiresometroubletroublesome-warddowndownwardupupward-yguilt-guilty noise-noisy(4

21、)副詞后綴-ly easy-easily heavy-heavily-ward , -wards east-eastward(s) north-northward(s)-/english/ShowArticle.asp?ArticlelD=53321前綴1, a-1）加在單詞或詞根前面，表示“不，無，非”。acentric ； amoral ；2）加在單詞前，表示“在，的”asleep ； aside2, ab-, abs-加在詞根前，表示“相反，變壞，離去”abnormal, ； abuse再”等加強3,

22、 ab-, ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-加在同輔音字母的詞根前，表示 意、。accompany, accomplish, affirm, attract4, ad-加在單詞或詞根前，表示“做，加強”adapt, adopt, adjoin, adjust, adventure5, amphi-“兩個，兩種”。amphibian6, an-在詞根前，表示“不，無”。anonymous, anarchism7, ana- 表示“錯誤，在旁邊，分開”analogy, analysis8, ante-表示“前面，先”antedate, ante

23、rior, antecedent9, anti- 表示“反對，相反”antiwar, antitank, antibody10, apo- 表示“離開，遠離”apogee11, auto-自動，自己”automobile, automatic, autograph12, be-1) 構(gòu)成動詞，表示“使成為”befall, befriend, behold2) 構(gòu)成介詞beside, behind, below, before, beneath13, bene-善，好”benefaction, benediction, beneficent14, bi- 表示“兩個”biweekly, bili

24、ngual, biennial,15, by- “在旁邊，副的”byroad, byway, bywork16, circum- “環(huán)繞，周圍”17, co-表示“共同”，通常方在元音詞根前。Coeducation, cohabit, coexist, coincide18, col-, cor-在同輔音詞根前，表示共同”collapse, colleague, collect19, -, con-共同”combine, compassion, commotion,20, contra-表示“反對，相反”contrary, contradict, contravene,21, counter-

25、表示“反對，相反”counteract, counterbalance,22, de-表示“去掉，變壞，離開，變慢，向下”等destruction, demobilize. desalt表示“使成為，加強”等depict23, di-表示“兩個，雙”dichromatic, dioxide表示“使變成，分開，離開”digest24, dia-表示穿過，二者之間”dialogue, diameter25, dif-和輔音重復(fù)表示“不，否定，分開”differ, difference, diffident26, dis-表示“不，消失掉”dislike, disorder, dishonest表示“分開，分離”dispart, disseminate, dispense27，dys-表示“壞，不良”dyspepsia, dyslexia, dysfunction28, e-,ef-表示“出，出來”evaluate, elongate, elaborate29, em-,en-表示“進入之中，包圍”embrace, embed, empathy表示“使進入狀態(tài)”empower, embitter, embody30, epi-表示“在上，在周圍，在