最新It的用法講解與練習題

1、精品文檔it的用法（專項總結）一、人稱代詞1，it的最基本用法是作代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復:theywatchedthetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.2.，也可以指動物或嬰兒(未知性別的嬰兒或孩子):isthisyourdog？no,itisnt.theygotababyanditwasaten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象環(huán)境和情景:ihateitwhenpeopletalkwithafullmouth.二、.非人稱代詞1.it有時并不指具體的東西而泛指天氣、時間、日期、距離、價值、度量、溫度、環(huán)境等：.指天氣：itisa

2、lovelyday,isntit?.指時間:itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.指日期:itisaprilfirsttoday.指距離:itissome3000kilometersfromatob.指價值:itisthreedollars.指溫度:todayitis30degreescentigrade.三、其他用法1.在句子的主語不太明確時充當主語，表示誰在做某事：whoisitthere?itsi(me/you/he.).ithoughtitwasmary,butitwasnotshe.herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.2.

3、泛泛的指某件事：(有時泛指一般情況)itdoesntmatter.itisashame,isntit?howisitgoing?(情況怎樣)itsaysinthenewspaperthat.3.it用在一些詞組中，it沒有特別的意思thelasttrainsgone.comeon,wellfootit.(來，咱們步行吧。)四、作形式主語，替代主語從句，動詞不定式，或動名詞短語：1.作形式主語替代主語從句itisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain.)that從句常譯為清楚的（顯然的，真的，可能的,肯定的）itisveryclearthathesroundand

4、talllikeatree.=thathesroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.itisimportant(necessary，right，strange，natural.)that從句常譯為是重要的(必要的,對的,奇怪的,自然的).that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。itisimportantthatwe(should)learnenglishwell.itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.itissaid(reported/learned

5、/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.)that從句常譯為據(jù)說（據(jù)報道，據(jù)悉）。itissaidthathehascometobeijing.itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.精品文檔精品文檔itissuggested(advised/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded.)that從句.that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以??；常譯為據(jù)建議；有命令）itissuggestedthatthemeeting(shoul

6、d)beputoff.itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.itistime(abouttime，hightime)that從句(虛擬語氣:動詞用過去時did)itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.itisthefirst(second.)timethat從句(從句用現(xiàn)在完成時havedone)itwas(從句用過去完成時haddone)常譯為是第一（二）次。itisthefirsttimeihavebeenhere.=thisisthefirsttimeihavebeenhereitisapity(ashame/

7、anhonour/agoodthing/afact,/asurprise/.)that從句.that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為竟然。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遺憾！ithappens(seems，looks，appears)that從句.常譯為“碰巧,似乎是,看起來”inithappened(sohappened)thathemethiste

8、acherthestreet.碰巧.itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看來2.作形式主語替代不定式.itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.不定式的邏輯主語是由of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的褒義或貶義形容詞。常見的詞有：.bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good（好心的），honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice（有教養(yǎng)的），polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（錯誤的）等。這個句型可以改寫為：sb.is

9、kindtodosth.。如:itiskindofyoutosayso.=youarekindtosayso.itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的中性形容詞。常見的形容詞有：important，necessary，naturaleasy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant如:itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=itisi

10、mportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.ittakessb.todosth.常譯為做要花費某人。如:ittookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildthegreatwall.3.作形式主語替代動名詞短語itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.常譯為“有好處或沒有用”itisnogoodlearningenglishwithoutspeakingenglish.itsuselesstryingtoarguewithshylock.精品文檔精品文檔五、作形式賓語，代替不定式，動名詞短語或賓語從句。wethi

11、nkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.該句型中的it作形式賓語，該結構中常用的動詞有：think,believe,make,findconsider,feel；如:wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.hefeltitimportantlearningenglishwell.theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.theinternetmakesiteasierforcompaniestokeepintouchwithcustomer

12、s.cf:keepsth,inmind/keepinmindthat六、.it的重要句型1.強調句型:itis/was+被強調部分+that從句(被強調的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用)itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.特例:itisnotuntil+被強調部分+that.該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語，譯成漢語直到才，可以說是not.until.的強調形式。itwasnotunti

13、lshetookoffherdarkglassesthatirealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.七、常用句型及考點i.形式主語型1.itisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain)that2.itisimportant(necessary，right，strange，natural)that掌握本句型，應該記住所列舉的形容詞，并且記住that后的從句應用虛擬語氣(should+動詞原形)，should可以省去。3.itisnogood(use)doingsth4.itisapity(ashame)that本句型中，that后的從句一般用虛

14、擬語氣(should十動詞原形)，should可以省去。表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。5.itistime(abouttime，hightime)that本句型中that后的從句應該用虛擬語氣。6.itisthefirst(second)timethat7.itissaid(reported，learned)that8.itissuggested(ordered)that本句型中的過去分詞應該是表示請求、建議、命令等的詞，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣(should十動詞原形)，should可以省略。常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令”。9.ithappens(seems，a

15、ppears)that10.ittakessbtodosth11.itdoesntmatterwhether12.itiskind(ofsb)todosth本句型中的不定式如果需要邏輯主語，則須要前置介詞of，而句型中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞，常見的有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty,polite，rude，silly,stupid，wise，wrong等。精品文檔精品文檔13.itisnecessary(forsb)todosth14.itis(ju

16、st)likesbtodosth本句型為“某人(恰恰)是樣子”。用來表示贊揚或不滿，若用否定式，則表示懷疑。例：itslikehimtoleavetheworktoothers他就是這樣的一個人，把工作推給別人。15.itisuptosbtodosth本句型表示“誼由某人做”。ii強調句型itis+被強調部分+that/who本句型中被強調部分可以是主語、賓語或狀語。強調的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用。iii其他句型1.itissince本句型主句中用時間作表語，一般用現(xiàn)在時或完成時，since引導的從句常用瞬間動詞的一般過去時態(tài)。主句如用一般過去時，則從句用過去完成時。2.itis

17、when本句型中的when引導的是一個時間狀語從句，主句中的it指時間，表語由具體的時間充當。3.itlooks(seems)asif本句型中的asif引導一個狀語從句，常譯為“看起來好像”。如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣例1itlooksasifheisill(真的病了).例2itlooksasifhewereill(沒有生病).exercises:一單項選擇1.itwasatthegate_hetoldmethenews.a.thatb.whatc.whichd.when2.is_necessarytotellhisfathereverythinga.itb.thatc.whatd.he

18、3.wasitinthispalace_thelastemperordied?a.thatb.inwhichc.inwhered.which4.is_possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?a.nowb.manc.thatd.it5.wasitduringthesecondworldwar_hedied?a.thatb.whilec.inwhichd.then6.is_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforenationalday?a.thisb.thatc.itd.he7.idontthink_possibletomasterafor

19、eignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.a.thisb.thatc.itsd.it8.does_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?a.thisb.thatc.hed.it9.itwasnot_shetookoffherdarkglasses_,irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.精品文檔精品文檔a.when;thatb.until;thatc.until;whend.when;then10.tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but_didnthelp

20、.a.heb.whichc.shed.it11._isafactthatenglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.a.thereb.thisc.thatd.it12.is_possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?anowbmancthatdit13ourfoodandservicearebetterthan_usedtobe.aitbwectheydthem14_appearstome_thereportmustbetruth.athat;itbit;thatcit;itdthat;that15hefeels_

21、dutytohelpothers.athathebthathiscithedithis16take_easy.theroadsareicy.aitbthemcusdyou17thetvsetsmadeinchinaaremuchbetterthan_injapan.athatbthosecthemdit18haveyoufoundthebikeyoulostyesterday?yes,ivefound_already.aitbthatctheonedthatone19.imlookingforaflat.wouldyoulike_with_garden?ait;thebit;acone;ado

22、ne;the20_was_whoimetinthemuseumthismorning.ait;himbit;hecthat;hed.that;him21itwasinthericefields_wehadourleaguemeeting.awherebthatcinwhichdonwhich22_youcometothepartysolate?awhyisitbwhyitiscwhyitisthatdwhyisitthat23wereallthreepeopleinthecarinjuredintheaccidentno,_onlythetwopassengers_gothurtatheywe

23、re;thatbtherewas;thatcitwas;whodthereare;who24idontthink_possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.athisbthatcitsdit25itwasnot_shetookoffherglasses_irealizedshewasafamousfilmstara.when;thatb.until;thatc.until;whend.when;then26.itwasnotuntil1920_regularradiobroadcastsbegan.awhilebwhichcth

24、atdsince27_isafactthatenglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.atherebthiscthatdit精品文檔精品文檔28itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.athatbuntilcbeforedwhen29itwasonlywhenirereadhispoemsrecently_ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.auntilbthatcthendso30ihate_whenpeopletalkwit

25、htheirmouthsfull.aitbthatcthesedthem31whydontwetakealittlebreak?didntwejusthave_?aitbthatconedthis32.wasitduringthesecondworldwar_hedied？athatbwhilecinwhichdthen33.is_possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship？anowbthatcitdman34.idontthink_possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemoryworkathisbthatcitsd

26、it35._isafactthatenglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageatherebthiscthatdit36.itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithfaceandanhourhandwasmadeathatbuntilcbeforedwhen37._computersplaysuchanimportantpartinourdailylife?awhyitisthatbwhyisitthatcwhywasitthatdwhyisit38.wasitduringthesecondworldwar_

27、hedied?a.thatb.whilec.inwhichd.then39.is_necessarytotakeoffourshoeswhenweenterthelab?a.everyoneb.thisc.herd.it40.is_possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?a.nowb.thatc.itd.man41.idontthink_possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.a.thisb.thatc.itsd.it42.sheheardofaterriblenoise,_broughtherh

28、eartintohermouth.a.itb.whichc.thisd.that43.alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_cameasasurprise.a.itb.thatc.whichd.he44.does_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?a.thisb.thatc.hed.it45.tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but_didnthelp.a.heb.whichc.shed.it46.theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_w

29、asmorethanwecouldexpect.a.whatb.whichc.thatd.it47._isafactthatenglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.精品文檔精品文檔a.thereb.thisc.thatd.it48.ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_.a.itb.thosec.themd.one49.itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.a.thatb.untilc.befor

30、ed.when50.ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.a.itb.thatc.thesed.them51.itwasonlywhenirereadhispoemsrecently_ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.a.untilb.thatc.thend.so52.itistheabilitytodothejob_mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.a.oneb.thatc.whatd.it53.it_youthat_toblame.a.is;isb.is;arec.are;are

31、d.are;is54.was_thatisawlastnightattheconcert?a.ityoub.notyouc.youd.thatyou55._electricityplayssuchanimportantpartinourlife?a.whyisitthatb.whyisitc.whyitisthatd.whyisthat56.itwas_hesaid_disappointedme.a.what;whatb.that;thatc.what;thatd.that;what57.itwasinthelab_wastakenchargeofbyprofessorharris_theydidtheexperiment.a.which;thatb.that;whatc.whom;thatd.which;where58.manypeoplenowmakearuletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforechristmas.a.themselvesb.itc.thatd.this59.someoneisatthedoor,whois?a.thisb.thatc.itd.he60.itisraini