完整版)助動詞用法及練習(xí)

1、be動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞 do/does的用法區(qū)別及練習(xí)助動詞，顧名思義就是幫助動詞 完成疑問及否定的，本身沒有什么含義。主 要的助動詞有be,do,will,have等，其用法詳述如下：一、 由連系動詞am， is，are構(gòu)成的句子：變一般疑問句時把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用問號即可。變否定句時直接在am， is，are后面加not即可。例如：肯定句：He is a student.一般疑問句:Is he a student?否定句:He is not a student.畫線提問:對he提問:Who is a student?對 a student 提問:What is h

2、e?（2）was是am,is的過去式，were是are的過去式，若句子中有以上兩詞時，變疑問句及 否定句方法與（1）相同。二、（1）由情態(tài)動詞 can, may,will ，shall等構(gòu)成的句子：變一般疑問句時把can, may,will ，shall提到句子的前面，句尾用問號即可.變否定句時直接在 can,may后面加not即可.例如：肯定句:She can swim.一般疑問句：Can she swim?否定句:She can not swim.畫線提問:對she提問:Who can swim?對 swim 提問:What can she do?（2） could,might,would

3、,should 是 can,may,will,shall 的過去式，若句子中有以上兩詞時， 變疑問句及否定句方法與（1）相同。三、（1）由行為動詞構(gòu)成的句子：需要加助詞do或does.變一般疑問句時把do/does放在句子前面.變否定句時把don t/doesn放在動詞的前面。要注意觀察動詞的形式并對號入座。 一般疑問句和否定句的動詞三單式都要變回原型。playdoplaysdoes例如：肯定句:They play football after school. He plays football after school.一般疑問句：Do they play football after sc

4、hool? Does he play football after school?否定句:They dont （do not） play football after school. He doesn t play football after school.畫線提問:對 they/he 提問:Who plays football after school?對 play football 提問:What do they do after school? What does he do after school?對 after school 提問：When do they play footba

5、ll? When does he play football?（2）did是do和did的過去式，變一般疑問句時把 did放在句子前面.變否定句時把didn t 放在動詞的前面，要注意觀察動詞的形式并對號入座。一般疑問句和否定句的動詞都要變回原型。四、（1）由have,has構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時句子，變一般疑問句時把have,has提到句子的前面，句尾用問號即可。變否定句時直接在have,has后面加not即可。例如：肯定句： He has read today s n ewspaper.一般疑問句 ：Has he read today s newspaper.?否定句:He has not re

6、ad today s newspape畫線提問:對 he 提問:Who has read today s newspaper?對 today s newspaper提問:What has he did?（2）had是have和has的過去式，在構(gòu)成的過去完成時句子中，變一般疑問句時把had提到到句子的前面，句尾用問號即可。變否定句時直接在had后面加not即可。若have,has,had沒有出現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中，則當實義動詞對待，請參考實義動詞的用法。五、 第一人稱I, we在變疑問句時，應(yīng)變?yōu)榈诙朔Qyou。 I am, you /we /they are ”這 是初一最簡單的固定搭配，不應(yīng)

7、再嘮叨了吧！六、is,has,does用于第三人稱的現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，was用于第三人稱的過去時態(tài)。針對性練習(xí)按要求改寫句子：1.1 have been to Beijin（ 一般疑問句）to Beiji n?2. We can see some birds.（一般疑問句）seebirds?3. He desig ns clothes.（ 一般疑問句）heclothes?4. There were some flowers on the teachers一般疑問句 ）flowers on the teachers desk?5. There were some apples on the tree.（

8、否定句）Thereapples on the tree.6.1 think he is very old.（否定句）Ithi nk hevery old.7. Please colour it green.（否定句） colour it gree n.8. They had lunch（變否定句）9. You may have some hot dogs.（一般疑問句 ） ?.10. There aren t any pears in the 同義句）There arepears in the box.11. This sign means “ No smoking. ”Whatthis si

9、g n?12.She has already written the letter.（改為否定句）she13.She was you ng.（改為一般疑問句）?14.My pencils are in the pencil-box.（對劃線部分提問）your pen cils?15.1 got up at six yesterday（對劃線部分提問）you get up yesterday?16. They liked to walk home.（改為一般疑問句）they?17. These are cars.（用 buses改寫成選擇疑問句）Are these cars?18. My pla

10、nt is one month old.（就劃線部分提問）pla nt?19. Two boys are in our house.（改為 there be 句型）two boys in our house.20. My plant has two green leaves.（就劃線部分提問）pla nt?21. Miss Li goes to Hong Kong by pla ne.（同義句）Miss LiHong Kong.22. The wome n worked in the shoe factory.（就劃線部分提問）wome n?23. He is happy, because h

11、e is going to take a trip tomorrow.（就劃線部分提問）?24. My father can cook the meals （就劃線部分提問）father?25. You should add water often.（般疑問句）water ofte n?、變否定句時相關(guān)詞的改變肯定句變否定句時，除將謂語變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ酵?，句中其他詞語也可能隨之改變，如將some改為 any, too 禾口 also 改為 either， already 改為 yet, and 改為 or 等：There are some birds in the tree. 樹上有些鳥。tTher

12、e aren t any birds in the tree樹上沒有鳥。He likes the girl, too.他也喜歡這個女孩。tHe doesn t like the girl, either.他也不喜歡這個女孩。We have already seen the film.我們已看過這部電影。tWe have not seen the film yet.我們沒有看這部電影。He likes singing and dancing.他喜歡唱歌和跳舞。t He does n t like sin gi ng or dancing.他不喜歡唱歌也不喜歡跳舞。二、部分否定與完全否定比較以下句

13、子：All of us laughed when we heard it.聽到這事時我們都笑了。（肯定句）All of us didn t laughed when we heard聽到這事時我們并未都笑。（部分否定）Not all of us laughed when we heard it.聽到這事時我們并未都笑。（部分否定）None of us laughed when we heard it.聽到這事時我們都沒笑。（完全否定）【注】可能涉及部分否定的詞語有both, all, always, every等，即not both表示 并非兩者都” not all表示并非所有的都” not

14、always表示并非總是” not every表示并非每個 都”。練習(xí)答案：1. Have you bee n, 2. Can you any, 3.Does desig n, 4.Were there any, 5.were not any, 6.do ntis,7.Please dont, 8.They didn have lunch, 9.May you have any hot dogs, 10.no, 11.Does mean,12. has not written the letter yet, 13.Was she you ng, 14.Where are, 15.What ti