2020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化

1、2020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化2020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化一高級詞匯01巧妙使用熟詞生義1.strike熟義：碰撞；擊打生義：突然想到anawfulthoughthasjuststruckme.2.cover熟義：遮蓋；覆蓋生義：走完（一段路程）theywerehopingtocover40milesyesterday.3.wear熟義：穿戴生義：表露，流露，面帶hmise熟義：許諾生義：使有可能，預(yù)示thedaypromisedtobebrightandwarm.5.allow熟義：允許生義：使可能w

2、orkingpart-timewouldallowmetospendmoretimewithmyfamily.02合理使用概括性詞語和具體詞語在寫作中往往用到概括性詞語和具體性詞語。在進(jìn)行描述、解釋和提供細(xì)節(jié)時，盡可能使用具體性詞語。在進(jìn)行總結(jié)或者概括時，使用概括性詞語。general:mr.brownhasabighouse.specific:mr.brownhasatwo-storiedhousewiththreebedrooms,twoliving-rooms,adining-room,andakitchen.1/72020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化general:iwaste

3、dalotoftimeyesterday.specific:yesterdaymorningittookmeaverylongtimetogettoworkbecauseihadgotintoatrafficjam.03辨別使用同義詞和近義詞英語中有些詞，比如interesting，good等，使用頻率十分高，我們寫作時也會先想到這些詞，所以書面表達(dá)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)“千人一面”的窘境。然而，如果我們能夠使用一些常用單詞的同義詞或近義詞，就可以做到“別開生面”，給人帶來清新的感覺。如:1.itwillbeveryinteresting.itwillbealotoffun.2.iturnedthetvon

4、butitwentwrong.iturnedthetvonbutitwentfunny.3.thelittleboywassocleverthathecouldcountallthewayupto100atoneyearoldthelittleboywassosmartthathecouldcountallthewayupto100atoneyearold.需要注意的是，有些詞意思相近，但所指的內(nèi)容是有差別的：同樣表示“小”，little暗示一種喜歡之情，而small是客觀的。small常用來修飾amount,mistake,number等，而little很少與這些詞連用。big，large，

5、great都表示“大”，其中l(wèi)arge比big更正式一些，經(jīng)常與表示數(shù)量的詞連用，如largeamountofmoney,alargeproportionofthebooks；great通常不用來談?wù)摼唧w的大小，而是表示大而令人印象深刻的事物，如agreatpalace,reachagreatheight等。2/72020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化下面是一些例子，請注意從不同角度區(qū)別下列近義詞：1.therewillbefurtherchangesintheplan.(farther/further)further更進(jìn)一步；farther更遠(yuǎn)2.herosefromhisseatto

6、greettheguests.(rose/raised)rose是rise的過去式，rise是不及物動詞，risefromonesseat站起來3.iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.(rose/raised)raise是及物動詞，raiseonesvoice提高嗓門4.weshouldbearinmindalltheseimportantrules.(mind/heart)bearinmind記住5.laterhefoundouttherealcauseofthefire.(find/findout)find發(fā)現(xiàn)；findout查明6.reformshavebro

7、ughtaboutrapideconomicgrowthinchinainrecentyears.(economic/economical)economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；economical節(jié)約的7.thespeakersaidattheendofhistalkthatquestionswerewelcome.(questions/problems)question表示提出的問題8.itwassodarkwealmostlostsightofthelightsinthedistance.(sight/view)losesightof看不見9.thisroomcanaffordagoodviewoft

8、hesea.(sight/view)viewofthesea/thecountryside海景/鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)景10.ihopeshewillrecoverquicklyfromtheillness.(hope/wish)hope后接可以實現(xiàn)的愿望，wish一般接虛擬語氣，表示不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。043/72020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化積累同義異構(gòu)表達(dá)，避免同樣的詞匯反復(fù)出現(xiàn)1.suddenlyihadagoodidea.suddenlyicameupwithagoodidea.2.takeamomenttoseewhatishappeningaroundyou.takeamomentto

9、seewhatisgoingonaroundyou.3.everyoneshoulddohisorherbest.everyoneissupposedtodohisorherbest.4.ourflightwasdelayedduetopoorweatherconditions.wehadtomovetolondononaccountofmyjob.thegamewascancelledowingtotheheavyrain.5.inspiteofeverything,istillenjoyedthetrip.heworeablackleatherjacket,despitetheheat.二

10、、句式多樣化正確把握句式變化，使句式多樣化，可以使文章生動、有趣。01例如:igotuplatethismorning.ihadtocatchtheearlybus.iwaslateforclass.這幾個簡單句可以用下列的不同方式來表達(dá)：(1)asigotuplatethismorningandihadtocatchtheearlybus,iwaslateforclass.(2)iwaslateforclassbecauseigotuplatethismorningandihadtocatchtheearlybus.4/72020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化(3)gettingupl

11、atethismorningandhavingtocatchtheearlybus,iwaslateforclass.(4)igotuplatethismorningandihadtocatchtheearlybus,soiwaslateforclass.(5)iwaslateforclass.itwasbecauseigotuplateandhadtocatchtheearlybus.(6)thereasonwhyiwaslateforclassthismorningwasthatigotuplateandihadtocatchtheearlybus.(7)igotuplatethismor

12、ningandhadtocatchtheearlybus.thatwaswhyiwaslateforclass.(8)ifihadnotgotuplatethismorningandhadnthadtocatchtheearlybus,iwouldnothavebeenlateforclass.02下面這個句子如何用多種方式來表達(dá)呢？theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining.hefeltveryuneasy.1.theboyonhisfirstoverseastrainingfeltveryuneasy.(介詞短語作定語)2.theboyfeltve

13、ryuneasyduringhisfirstoverseastraining.(介詞短語作狀語)3.theboysfirstoverseastrainingmadehimfeelveryuneasy.(名詞短語作主語)4.extremeuneasinessseizedtheboyonhisfirstoverseastraining.(非人稱作主語)5/72020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化5.theboywasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feelingveryuneasy.(簡單句+現(xiàn)在分詞短語)6.itbeinghisfirstoverseastrainin

14、g,theboyfeltveryuneasy.(邏輯主語+現(xiàn)在分詞短語+簡單句)(7.beingonhisfirstoverseastraining,theboyfeltveryuneasy.現(xiàn)在分詞短語+簡單句)8.theboywasonhisfirstoverseastrainingandfeltveryuneasy.(介詞短語作表語)9.theboy,whowasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feltveryuneasy.(插人非限定性定語從句)10.whentheboywasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.

15、(時間狀語從句+主句)11.astheboywasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.(原因狀語從句+主句)12.theboywasonhisfirstoverseastraining,sothathefeltveryuneasy.(主語+結(jié)果狀語從句)03為使我們所寫的簡單句結(jié)構(gòu)多樣化，可以使用不同風(fēng)格的開頭達(dá)到多樣化的目的。(1)同位語開頭air,waterandoxygen,everythingisnecessarytolife.(2)狀語開頭darkandempty,thehouselookedverydifferentfromthewayirememberedit.6/72020屆英語寫作技巧之高級詞匯、句式多樣化(3)副詞開頭toooften,ididntseepapauntiltheevening.(4)介詞短語開頭tomethenewswasveryinteresting,buttomysisterveryboring.(5)分詞短語開頭hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoff