完整版)ACT語(yǔ)法部分攻略

1、語(yǔ)法的四個(gè)關(guān)鍵：1. Eco nomy 精簡(jiǎn),2. Order 順序,3. Pun ctuati on 標(biāo)點(diǎn),4. Sou nd Sentences 句子結(jié)構(gòu)，5. Choice of Words選詞和常用錯(cuò)誤，6. Think like a writer語(yǔ)感1. Economy 精簡(jiǎn)Stew Michaels wan ted to form a non profit orga ni zati on to help people in Darfur and Easter n Chad.a. No change b. begi n and found. C. formulate D. provi

2、de the formati on of2. Order 題排序的題最費(fèi)時(shí)間。可以先做別的再做排序。3. Punctuation標(biāo)點(diǎn)從簡(jiǎn)。逗號(hào)最?？肌?a. COMMA 逗號(hào)：介紹性的從句要用逗號(hào)：Knowing my teacher had“ a thing ” about being late, I made sure to be on time to class.Upon complet ing the buildi ng the con tractor sent us the billa. No cha nge b. buildi ng, the con tractor c. buil

3、di ng the, con tractor d. buildi ng the con tractor, 順便補(bǔ)充的信息要前后都加逗號(hào)：Steve, who loves tennis so much he wears white shorts to school in win ter, has a tourn ame nt in Phoe nix n ext week.前后平等的兩個(gè)完整句子，中間有 for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS六個(gè)連接詞 )等要加逗號(hào)。前后只有兩個(gè)詞不要加逗號(hào)。如果后面的句子不是完整句子也不用加逗號(hào)：Lan ce, and

4、his buddy, thi nk NASCAR is righteous.a. No change b. and his buddy, c. and his buddy d. , and his buddyMike was the first person on the scene of the accident, and tried to help the injured passenger.a. No cha nge B. accide nt and tried c. accide nt and, tried d. accide nt; and tried東西羅列要加逗號(hào)(a, b, c

5、, and d).形容詞羅列也要加逗號(hào)。但是有些不性質(zhì)的名詞在一起修飾用的不用加逗號(hào)，例如A small brick house, A gray wool sweater, The powerfulsummer sun 在ing從句前，如果直接跟的名詞和 ing相關(guān)就不要逗號(hào)(Mr Right offered rewards to students trying to improve their scores)，如果和相連的詞不相關(guān)就要加逗號(hào)(Mr Rightoffered rewards to stude nts, trying to improve their scores.)3b. Se

6、mico Ion 分號(hào)：兩句獨(dú)立的完整句子，如果中間沒(méi)有連接詞FANBOYS可以用分號(hào)：I am thinking of going toGeorgetow n Uni versity; D.C. is an ideal place for me to begi n my political career.兩句獨(dú)立完整句子中間可以加”。;therefore/however, 。”： I like huge pickup trucks;however, they are not practical in New York City.總之后半句一定是完整獨(dú)立的句子。盡量少用分號(hào)。3c. Dash

7、橫杠前后一起橫杠，表達(dá)和思路上的斷開(kāi)，或者另外一種情況代替冒號(hào)后面的名詞羅列，很少考到： all teach gymn astics with me duri ng summer vacati on.penny.My friends - Jill, Kim, and Sophie3d. s APOSTROPHE分清和s,這經(jīng)?？嫉絋he Dalt ons boat and the Lars ons car washed away in the flood.Joe and Anne s basement was also destroyed by the floodBoth of my pare

8、 nts sibli ngs live in Rochester.We drove to the lade in Angie s and Paige s convertible, dressedgisl thndtest alla. No change; b.in: Angie and Paige s; c. in Angie and Paige s; d. in Angie and PaigesWe know not all of you will have you re home work done.a. no cha nge; b. you will have your; c. them

9、 will have their; d. you, will have yourit s=it isits=它的4. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)4a動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)The boy takes the test. The girls take the test.找準(zhǔn)主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞，把對(duì)應(yīng)的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞劃出來(lái)對(duì)應(yīng)看單復(fù)數(shù)：Claudia and Kevin , who want tojoin the speech and debate club together, first decide to start dating after Claudia sister s boyfriend brings Kevin over to

10、 play Guitar Hero.George, en couraged by his frien ds, are fin ally going to get that tattoo:A. no cha ngeB. frien ds, isC. friends areD. friends: areEach/every/a nyone/an ybody/some one/no on e/either/ neither這些都是單數(shù)要用單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞例如does或者is.代詞也搭配單數(shù)例如his/its: Everyone took his water guns(不是their water guns)

11、 If anybody wants to go, she should give her number to Abb不是 they should give their nu mber)Group/team/committee/class/family這些含義是復(fù)數(shù)但是詞語(yǔ)本身是單數(shù)的也要當(dāng)作單數(shù)處理搭配動(dòng)詞單數(shù)None of/fraction of/percent of/part of這些都要看后面的詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，相應(yīng)搭配 單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)的動(dòng)詞 70 perce nt of the stude nt body works duri ng summer.Where Jeremy and Jus

12、ti n went to the rodio in Kan sas, they met the rodeo clow ns and they showed them how to rope.a. No change; b. they; c. , they; d Jeremy這里前面已經(jīng)有一個(gè)they不能有兩個(gè)they說(shuō)不一樣的人，所以后面必須是Jeremy4b動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)前后時(shí)態(tài)一致：He tried, ran the race, and won.I tried, but didn t exptecfeoonasthe class bell rang, stude nts rushed the d

13、oor前后的用法一致。以下1是對(duì)的2是錯(cuò)的：1. Miss Sharp sang, danced, and cooed as she entered the room for our first -period class2. Miss Sharp sang, danced, and was cooing as she entered the room for our first -period class1. Gerome likes to hike, to bike, and to run.2. Gerome likes to hike, to bike, and running1. He

14、r stude nts were asked to write their essays accurately, thoughtfully, and thoroughly2. Her students were asked to write their essays accurately, thoughtfully, and in a detailedmanner4c Reflexive pronouns - myself/herself/themselves/ourselves不要把這些詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)用：Tammy and I spent(不是Tammy and myself)4d修飾短語(yǔ)的位置。

15、以下1是對(duì)的2是錯(cuò)的：1. The tennis player in a short skirt asked the swinner to help cha nge her tire.2. The tennis player asked the swimmer to help cha nge her tire in a short skirt.1. With grins on their faces, the group of freshme n boys admired the cluster of senior girls.2. The group of freshme n boys ad

16、mired the cluster of senior girls with grins on their faces.5 Choice of Words 用詞經(jīng)常用錯(cuò)的詞，請(qǐng)說(shuō)出差別分別造句：accept 禾口 except;effect 和 affect;fewer和less;可數(shù)與不可數(shù)then 禾口 than;farther和further;前者是物理距離后者是程度Who 禾口 whom; 前者主語(yǔ)后者賓語(yǔ)the girl who is your favorite/the girl whom you admireI和me也是主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。如果是as和than后面不要用賓語(yǔ)用主語(yǔ)來(lái)比

17、較：Tim is happier than he is 不要用 than himMy brother is as unhappy as I (am). 不要用 than methat和which; that是特指前面修飾的名詞其后面內(nèi)容是句子的關(guān)鍵，而which前面可以加逗號(hào)其內(nèi)容可有可無(wú)并不關(guān)鍵也不特指只是補(bǔ)充信息。如果是人的話兩個(gè)都不能用，要用whoThe waterfall that empties into the lake starts above the tree line.The waterfall, which empties into the lake, starts abov