北京市東城區(qū)2018—2019學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三英語綜合練習(xí)(附答案)

1、北京市東城區(qū) 20182019 學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三綜合練習(xí)（一）英語2019.4本試卷共 10 頁，共 120 分?？荚嚂r(shí)長 100 分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡 上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45 分）第一節(jié) 語法填空（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分, 共 15 分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)?單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。atons of waste is being left on mount qomolangma by a 1 (grow) number

2、of visitors, which bothers many people. a team will deal with the task 2 the climbing season ends this may, by which time there will be fewer visitors. garbage3 (collect) on qomolangma requires two to three years of training, according to cering dandar, a mountaineer and guide.bfood is one of the mo

3、st basic and important daily needs. it gives us the strength and energy we need 4 (work) and play. food also plays a role in our social interactions. whether we 5 (celebrate) important occasions or just relaxing with friends, eating is an important social pastime. it is also an important part of our

4、 culture.6 a particular people like to eat can tell us a lot 7 a countrys geography, history and traditions.cgoing to museums has become a trendy thing to do during the holidays in china. a popular choice this spring festival was the palace museum, 8 a special exhibition was staged to provide a virt

5、ual royal experience for visitors. the entire museum9 (decorate) with newly-restored ancient royal lanterns and spring couplets, including a set of the chinese character “fu” 10 (write) by five qing dynasty emperors.第二節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的a、b、c、d 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出 最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)

6、涂黑。during my second year in high school, i got sick and missed a few days. when i111 , i was greeted with two essays due, three days of math and history homework, plus several tests. 12 i went home from school that day exhausted, i had to stay up really late to finish them all.the next day at school

7、, i got a rude awakening: id totally forgotten to prepare for the 13 on romeo and juliet, which id take 14 my lunch hour! worse still, i had 15 the in-class discussion and all the notes. when lunch came, i went to the english room to face my certain doom( 厄 運(yùn) ). all i could do was try to 16 on the q

8、uestions i didnt know.as it turned out, i didnt know the majority of the questions. i was just a bout to give 17 when my pencil accidentally fell and broke. standing by the blackboardsharpening my pencil, i 18 down and there in full view lay the answer sheet for the test! what good fortune! i can ki

9、ss good-bye to all my 19 of failing the test! my heart started beating, and my brain 20 , yes! read over the answers quickly! this was quickly followed by another voice, no! youll get caught! my mind turning back and forth, yes! no! yes! no! this went on for ten of the 21 seconds in my entire life.f

10、inally, i decided to finish the test on my own, without 22 ! i was satisfied with my decision but pretty 23 i had failed the test.the next day when i walked into the english room, my great joy of having been an 24 soul changed into a wave of doom as i saw my test paper lying face down onmy desk. i k

11、new what awaited me. i stared at it a few seconds before i got up the 25 to turn it over.you can only imagine my 26 when i learned that i had passed the test! i have never in my whole life been so happy to see my 27 , a c-.my mom says the victories that 28 the most courage are won within. now i know

12、 29 what she means. now not only can my conscience( 良 心 ) rest easy, but i dont have to worry about getting caught and meeting a sad 30 like romeo and juliet . 11. a. arrived b. returned c. appeared d. finished12. a. if b. because c. until d. although13. a. lecture b. essay c. play d. test14. a. by

13、b. upon c. over d. toward15. a. missed b. carried c. lost d. dropped16. a. depend b. agree c. guess d. improve17. a. in b. off c. out d. away18. a. wrote b. settled c. calmed d. looked19. a. boredom b. worries c. loneliness d. tiredness20. a. whispered b. warned c. persuaded d. chanted21. a. coldest

14、 b. saddest c. longest d. fastest222. a. suffering23. a. certain24. a. open25. a. wisdom26. a. anxiety27. a. paper28. a. take29. a. gradually30. a. filmb. checkingb. regretfulb. honestb. encouragementb. shockb. creditb. putb. exactlyb. factc. cheatingc. annoyedc. optimisticc. intentionc. fearc. rate

15、c. findc. willinglyc. endingd. thinkingd. relievedd. energeticd. nerved. appreciationd. graded. gaind. seeminglyd. love第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 a、b、c、d 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并 在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。athe perfect sleep chair is designed to be the mostcomfortable recliner chair. whether

16、you are sittingupright, relaxing in your favorite tv viewing position,or lying completely flat for sle eping, its like being ona cloud. a cloud that has built-in heat and massagesettings to match your own personal comfort level. iteven has a battery backup in case of a power cut.with perfect sleep c

17、hair, theres a perfect position for everybody, even t hose that prefer to lie flat but want the additional support that most mattresses( 墊 子 ) dont provide. at the touch of a button, the perfect sleep chair gently lifts you to an almost standing position so you can get back on your feet with ease. s

18、ome owners use this feature daily, while others use it when recovering from an illness.time and time again, our customers tell us they are tired of having to replace their recliners due to quality issues. we hear you! that is why the perfect sleep chair is handmade in the usa using quality hardwoods

19、 and only the highest quality upholster( 墊襯物 ). each chair is carefully crafted by workers and not just a bunch of robots. every chair structure is guaranteed for life and the electronic components are generously warranted for three years. simply put, its the highest quality chair on the marketbut i

20、t doesnt end therewhen you purchase the perfect sleep chair, youll get your choice of cloth and colors! youll also receive white glove delivery. professionals will ca rry the chair to the exact spot in your home where you want it, unpack it, inspect it, test it, position it, and even take the packag

21、ing away!3to ensure that your product and purchase process is of the highest quality, our customer service team is here to answer any question, five days a week, from 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. please call us at 800-958-8324.31. according to the advertisement, perfect sleep chair . （事實(shí)信息）a. helps detect illne

22、ssesb. supports various body positionsc. comes with an additional mattressd. adjusts its temperature accordingly32. what is the key feature of perfect sleep chair introduced in paragraph 3? ( 推理判 斷 )a. it is safe. b. it is lasting.c. it is portable. d. it is comfortable.33. what service can customer

23、s receive?a. home delivery. b. free replacement.c. a 24-hour hotline. d. a money-back guarantee.bin the short time steve and zach had been inside their tent packing their tools, wind- blown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another. the long dry summer had turned the forest into a tinder

24、box.“l(fā)ets go! we can make it back to the river we crossed today!” steve kept brady on the lead and their heads down against the fire-wind. but brady barked a sharp warning. ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track. they would never make it through that. the dog was pulling at his

25、lead trying to draw them away from the smoke, and yet steve was uneasy. it seemed to him that they were moving away from the river.suddenly, zach cried. “zach!” steve shouted. “are you ok? where are you?” the n brady pulled steve down a sharp slope(坡). at its base, zach was rubbing his ankle.as stev

26、e helped his friend to his feet, brady lifted his head and snuffed( 嗅 ) the smoke-laden wind. next moment, the dog bounded away and disappeared. the boys shouted for him, but he didnt come back. steve couldnt blame brady for panicking. he himself wanted to run even though he didnt have a clue which

27、way.steve and zach hadnt gone far when there was a familiar bark, and brady came bounding, stopped directly in front of steve and hit him with his head, pushing him back toward the slope theyd just climbed. but steve didnt get it. then brady grabbed the boys jeans and started pulling. the message wa

28、s clear, but steve hesitated. of course he remembered brady saving his uncles life when the dog was much younger. was he still sharp enough to get them through this?nearby, a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke. brady pulled again, urgently. “ok,4big guy ,” steve gritted( 咬緊牙關(guān) ). brady led them back d

29、own the slope and into the trees. not far from them fire was touching underbrush. several times the big dog stopped. often he changed directions. steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest, but brady wouldnt have it. the dog bullied both boys to go on. how long theyd wal ked steve had no idea. h

30、e was almost numb when he heard itthe wonderful sound of rushing water!34. what happened to steve and zach at first?a. they got injured. b. they lost their dog.c. they were trapped. d. they became separated.35. brady ran away to .a. seek help b. find a way outc. rescue zach d. escape for life36. how

31、 did steve feel after brady pulled his jeans?a. uneasy. b. impatient. c. numb. d. uncertain.37. the passage basically describes .a. an adventure b. an explorationc. an escape game d. a training programcmost groups of plants and animals are richer in species and more plentiful near the equator. in th

32、e ocean, that holds true for cold-blooded predators( 掠 食 者 ). but warm-blooded predators are more diverse toward the poles and noticeably missing from several warm hot spots. why?john grady, an ecologist, and his team considered the possibility warm-blooded animals need a lot to fuel their metabolis

33、m( 新陳代謝). perhaps colder waters are just richer in small fish? but they found that at higher, cold er places, there isnt actually much more food around. its more that warm -blooded animals are eating a much bigger share of it than their cold-blooded competitors.the real explanation is simple. an ani

34、mals speed, swiftness, and intelligence depend on its metabolism, which in turn depends on its temperature. since birds and mammals can keep heating their bodies in icy conditions, they remain fast and attentive. by contrast, the fish they hunt become slower and duller. at some tipping point of temp

35、erature, seals, dolphins, and penguins start outswimming their prey( 獵物 ). they become more likely to come upon targets and outpace the cold-blooded predators of their own.in gradys words, “warm-bodied predators are favoured where preys are slow, stupid and cold. ” thats why sharks and other predato

36、ry fish dominate near the equator, but colder waters are the kingdom of whales and seals. by keeping food to themselves5in the poles, these creatures can then specialize on specific types of prey, which makes them more likely to split into separate species. the killer whales of the north pacific, fo

37、r example, include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating, year-round residents.but the world is changing. its likely that the surface of the oceans will warm by 2 to 3 within this century. gradys team estimates that every time the oceans surface warms by 1 , populations of sea mammals will fall b

38、y 12%, and populations of seals and sea lions will fall by 24%.but “predictions are hard,” donna hauser from the universi ty of alaska fairbanks notes. “polar bears are losers of a warming world, but some populations are still doing well. some groups of whales have changed the timing of their migrat

39、ions; others are hunting in deeper, colder waters. these changes might make sea mammals more adaptable to changing climates. maybe they just need to find the places where fish remain slow, stupid and cold.”38. why are there more types of warm-blooded predators near the poles?a. because there is more

40、 food.b. because there are fewer enemies.c. because they are faster and wiser.d. because they consume less energy.39. the author mentions the killer whales to show .a. the benefit of biological evolutionb. food preference of different sea mammalsc. the distinction of specific types of predatorsd. th

41、e advantage of constant body temperature40. what is donna hausers attitude towards the future of the sea mammals?a. positive. b. negative. c. neutral. d. sceptical.41. which is the best title for the passage?a. are the poles heaven for sea predators?b. how do sea mammals track their prey?c. why do t

42、he warm-blooded like food cold?d. is the world too hot for thewarm-blooded?dlast fall, i happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy course. the demands of his major, he said seriously, meant he needed to take “practical” courses, an

43、d “enlightenment” would simply have to wait. for now, employability was the most important.the students conversation fits into a larger alarming narrative about the role of the humanities in higher education. in a time of dizzying technological achievement and of rapid scientific innovation, sceptic

44、s of the humanities may question the usefulness of6studying aristotle, the italian renaissance or chinese fiction.actually, i regret not interrupting that student to argue for taking that introductory philosophy course. i would have started by reminding him that, for much of americas history, colleg

45、e graduates were not considered truly educated unless they had mastered philosophy, literature, political theory and history. the key role of higher education was to invite students into the conversations about matters like what it means to be alive and the definition of justice. fostering engagemen

46、t with these subjects is still an essential part of the universitys function in society.i would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformed about the job market. it is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specialized technical skills, but they also look for other ca

47、pabilities. as the world is transformed by artificial intelligence, machine learning and automation, the unique human qualities of creativity, imagination and moral reasoning will be the ultimate coin of the realm. all these skills are developed in humanities courses.further, i would have argued tha

48、t while a degree anchored in the sciences is an important precondition for many jobs, it is not the only route. look no further than the founders of companies such as linkedin, slack and flickr, who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities, and who credit that training

49、for their success.contrary to the widely held belief that humanities majors have a hard time getting jobs, recent studies show that those with humanities degrees are successful in the workplace, experiencing low rates of unemployment and reporting high levels of job satisfaction. the ratio between a

50、verage median( 中位數(shù)) incomes for humanities degree holders and those with business, engineering, and health and medical sciences degrees has been shown to narrow over the course of a career.the case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactional terms and more as a foundational prepa

51、ration for a life well lived. a humanities education plays a vital role in encouraging citizens to lead an examined life. it fosters critical thinking, self-reflection, empathy and tolerance, the usefulness of which only becomes more apparent as one navigates lifes challenges.by all means, students

52、should take courses they think practical and follow their interests, but if they also make a point of studying the literature of the renaissance, or researching into modern poetry, or even taking introductory philosophy, we will all benefit.42. what do the students conversation show?a. students feel

53、 employment difficult.b. students think philosophy less important.c. students find scientific innovation amazing.7d. students consider university courses unsatisfying.43. what does the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably mean?a. highly valued. b. equally applied.c. strictly assessed. d. greatly

54、improved.44. the author may agree that humanities .a. discover students artisticabilityb. prepare students for graduationc. raise awareness of social statusd. provide great insights into life45. which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?abcdi: introductionp: point sp: sub-

55、point(次要點(diǎn)) c: conclusion第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，共 10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng) 中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。8are you a prisoner of perfection?do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach? 46 are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you cant achieve the unachievable? understanding what drives

56、 perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self- created anchor that keeps us stuck.shame and fear are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism. we believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us wi

57、th criticism and well win respect and approval.47 politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame. they fear that showing vulnerability(弱點(diǎn) ) will expose them to the accusation that theyre weak. they stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when its obvious that the emperor has no clothes.perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future. were constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do