英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法(強(qiáng)化版).ppt

1、Grammar,sentences,句子成份,句子一般由兩個(gè)部分組成,主語(yǔ)部分（ subject group,謂語(yǔ)部分（ predicate group,句子成份,主,謂,賓,表,補(bǔ),定,狀,Members of sentence: S - subject P - predicative O - object Attri.-attribute Adv.- adverb Oc - object complement,主,賓,表,補(bǔ),定,狀,1) 主語(yǔ)（subject,I like football,The boy needs a pen,句子的主體，全句述說(shuō)的對(duì)象。一般由 擔(dān)任,常置于句首,2)

2、 謂語(yǔ)（predicate,說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。由 擔(dān)任。常置于主語(yǔ)后,The train leaves at 6 oclock,I want a ticket,動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞 或從句,名詞,主格代詞,動(dòng)詞,3) 賓語(yǔ)（object,4) 表語(yǔ)（predicative,He won the game. On the desk,表示vt.的動(dòng)作對(duì)象或prep.所聯(lián)系的對(duì)象。 由n.或相當(dāng)于n.的詞擔(dān)任。置于vt.或prep.后,Tome lost his life in the big fire,He is a student,用以表述主語(yǔ)的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等。 由n.或adj.擔(dān)任。置于

3、系動(dòng)詞之后,除了be 系動(dòng)詞外，還有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞， 1)表感官的動(dòng)詞: 2) 表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動(dòng)詞: 3)表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等,become, get, grow, turn, go,等,remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等,5) 賓補(bǔ)（objective complement,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況 。 由n. /adj. /介賓 /分詞 /不定式等擔(dān)任,They made him king,I consider the book too expensive,6) 定語(yǔ)（at

4、tributive） 對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子，漢語(yǔ)中常用的表示,通常位于被修飾的成分前,The black bike is mine,說(shuō)明1：當(dāng)定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞如：nothing , anything , everything , something 等時(shí)，定語(yǔ)要放在其后作后置定語(yǔ) 我告訴他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting . 說(shuō)明2：不定式、短語(yǔ)或從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，也放在被修飾的名詞之后。 這間屋子里的男孩子們是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten,7) 狀語(yǔ)（adverbi

5、al,用以修飾adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置靈活。通常在句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首； 修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，通常位于被修飾的詞之前； 表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的的狀語(yǔ)一般位于句子兩頭，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首， 一些表示不確定時(shí)間（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副詞狀語(yǔ)通常位于be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，動(dòng)詞之前,I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher . （從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),句子類(lèi)型,簡(jiǎn)單句,并列句,復(fù)合句,簡(jiǎn)單句,1. Things changed. 2.

6、Trees are green. 3. We dont beat children. 4. He gave his sister the piano. 5. I found the book easy,主 + 謂,主 + 系 + 表,主 + 謂 + 賓,主 + 謂 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ),主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ),Nobody went. She became a doctor. The car caught fire. I will write you a long letter. I will let him go,Practice,主 + 謂,主 + 系 + 表,主 + 謂 +

7、賓,主 + 謂 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ),主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ),并列句,This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. Its not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed,and,or,but,so,He knocked at the door; there was no answer. Youre alive! And shes dead,名詞性從句,狀語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句,賓

8、語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句,復(fù)合句,A plane is a machine that can fly,He said that he didnt like her,exercises,1.They are working on the farm now. 2.Seeing is believing 3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much 4.She became a doctor in 1998 5.The book lying on the floor are mine 6.Suddenly it begins to rain,7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday 8.I always find her happy 9.He wonders If I still study English 10.Th