山西省平遙中學(xué)2018屆高三英語(yǔ)3月適應(yīng)性調(diào)研考試試題含解析

1、山西省平遙中學(xué)2018屆高三3月高考適應(yīng)性調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題本試卷由四個(gè)部分組成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的第二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.每選出小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無(wú)效。第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、

2、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.15 C. 9.18答案是B。1.Whatwillthewomanreadontheplane?A.Abook. B. Amagazine. C. Anewspaper.2.Whendoestheplaybegin?A.At7:00. B.At7:30. C.At7:45.3.Whatsportdidthewomando?A.Sheplayedtennis. B.She playedf

3、ootball. C.Shewentrunning.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhiscat?A.Tooold. B.Quitelovely C.Veryactive.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashop. B.Athome C.Inaschool.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)

4、白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydidAnnamoveout?A.ShemissedherparentsB. ShedidntwanttolivewithothersC.Shewantedtohaveagarden7.WheredoesAnnalivenow?A.Bythepark. B.Neartheschool. C.Bytheriver.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewbookstore. B. Abigsale. C.Abooksigning event.9.WhenwillPeterRobb

5、insarriveatthestore?A.At1:45 B.At2:15 C.At 3:30聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanwanttodofirst?A.Doscienceexperiments. B.BuyChristmasgifts. C.Takeaferry.11.Whatplacedoesthemanshowlittleinterestin?A.TheScienceMuseum. B.OceanPark. C.TempleStreetNightMarket.12.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomanintheend?A.Whethe

6、rhecantaketheStarFerry.B.Howshegetstoschooleveryday.C.Wherethemostfamousmarketlies.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whereshouldthemangofirst?A.Toameetingroom. B. Toahall. C.Toaclassroom.14.WhatwilltheDirectoroftheStudiestalkabout?A.Differentcourses. B.Studentdormitories. C.Socialactivities.15.Howlongwillthemanst

7、ayinthehall?A.45minutes. B.75minutes. C.90minutes.16.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthetestatfirst?A.Nervous. B.Annoyed. C.Confident.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoorganizestheWinterFestival?A.Thegovernment. B.Volunteers. C.Businessmen.18.Whatisspecialabouttheartexhibition?A.Itwillbeheldinatownschool.B.Therewillbet

8、hreeopeningnights.C.Thepicturesarefromlocalstudents.19.WhatwillbeheldintheMainExhibitionHall?A.Anartexhibition. B.Amusictalentshow. C.Afancy-dressparty.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Toraisemoneyforthefestival.B.Tocomparetheeventsofthefestival.C. Toinformpeopleofthefestival.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)（共

9、15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ABestScienceBooks of 2017At its heart, science is about curiosity. So it stands to reason these books about science should make you examine your world more closely, and in doing so, give you a sense of wonder.BigChicken,byMarynMcKennaInv

10、estigativejournalistMarynMcKennausesthemodernindustrial chicken as a window into how antibiotics(抗生素)transformedmodern agriculturefor good and ill. She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health,causingseriousproblemsfromantibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs. Recognizing that Ameri

11、cans are going to continue to eat chicken no matter what, McKenna suggests a way in which factory farming rids itself of its dependence on antibiotics.WhyTimeFlies,byAlanBurdickNewYorkerstaffwriterAlanBurdickexaminesthegreatestgifthumanityhaseverknown:time.Time, he writes, appearstoexistintwodistinc

12、tforms.Oneisthestandardized, objective kind found in clocks and watches; the otherisourinternal,biologicalsenseoftime, theonewemeasureinourcells,bodiesandminds. But the closer he looks, thelessclearerthisdistinctionappears.Paleoart,byZoeLescazeDinosaurshavelongcapturedtheimaginationsofscientistsanda

13、rtistsalike,andPaleoartbrings those visions together in a blend of human knowledge and creativity.These images not only show our changing understanding of dinosaurs, but also reflect the distinct artistic sensibilities of their time. Both artistic and educational, these pictures are certainly influe

14、ntial.What Its Like to Be a Dog, by Gregory BernsBerns, a neuroscientists, trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time. That pioneering work inspired him to dig deeper into the minds of other animals, from sea lions to the extinct thylacine(

15、袋狼). Berns says, “With their ability to think, choose and feel, dogs and other animals do not deserve the cruel treatment humans so often do to them.”1. Whichbookhassomethingtodowithpublichealth?A. BigChicken. B. WhyTimeFlies.C. Paleoart. D. WhatItsLiketoBeaDog.2. Whowritesabouttime?A. MarynMckenna.

16、 B. AlanBurdick.C. ZoeLescaze. D. GregoryBerns.3. WhatwasBernspioneeringwork?A. Trainingdogs. B. Studyingextinctanimals.C. Observingdogbrains. D. Fightingforanimalrights.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了2017年四本最好的科學(xué)書籍?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health,c

17、ausingseriousproblemsfromantibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs.可知，BigChicken寫的這本書與公眾健康有關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段書名WhyTimeFlies以及下面關(guān)于此書的內(nèi)容介紹可知，作者AlanBurdick寫了關(guān)于時(shí)間方面的科學(xué)書籍。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句Berns, a neuroscientists, trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of

18、 conscious dogs for the first time.可知，Berns的創(chuàng)舉是觀察狗的大腦。故選C。BI was in the middle of a sweet dream when a noise startled me. Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on a tough nail. Bam! Bam! BAM! Who could be hammering at three in the morning? It must be Charlie again, making another invention.Jus

19、t as I was putting on my slippers and clothes, the noise changed. I sat at the edge of my bed and listened. Tick! Tick! Tick! It reminded me of my first wristwatch. Its regular pace had always helped me fall asleep.I started dozing off, dangerously leaning to the left, when the ticking stopped. it w

20、as now replaced by a buzz, similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer, only louder. I shivered. “Im allergic to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me swell.“Thats it!” I should, now wide awake. “I cant take it anymore!” I marched to the next apartment an

21、d knocked. My neighbor immediately opened the door. His curly brown hair was sticking up every which way. He wore baggy striped pants and a loose raspberry shirt.“Hi, there, Lucy! Whats up?” he asked.I pointed at my noiseless watch. “Do you know hat time it is?”He grabbed my arm and glanced at my ti

22、mepiece. “Oh, my! I didnt realize it was that late. Im busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠). Its almost finished. You want to see it?”I should have known. His last invention was supposed to annihilate bad smells, but it was powered by rotten eggs.4. What made the author sleepy again?

23、A. His neighbors silence B. The ticking soundC. The coming of the bees D. The smell of the rotten eggs5. What was Charlie doing?A. He was fixing a broken clock B. He was inventing a wristwatchC. He was working with the bees D. He was making a new machine6. How did Charlie feel when he saw the author

24、?A. Disappointed B. ScaredC. Surprised D. Annoyed7. What does the underlined word “ annihilate” in the last paragraph mean?A. Get rid of B. Make use ofC. Give off D. Tell apart【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的鄰居經(jīng)常在夜里發(fā)明新東西，自己經(jīng)常被這個(gè)反常的鄰居不斷吵醒的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Tick! Tick! Tick! It remin

25、ded me of my first wristwatch. Its regular pace had always helped me fall asleep.可知，腕表有節(jié)奏的滴答聲讓作者再次睡著。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Im busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠).可知，作者的鄰居正在發(fā)明一個(gè)能夠治愈失眠的新機(jī)器。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Hi, there, Lucy! Whats up?” he asked.可以推斷作者的鄰居對(duì)作者敲門找他感到很驚訝。故選C?！?題詳解】

26、詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)此句后面的but it was powered by rotten eggs.可以推測(cè)出annihilate為“去除”之意。故選A。CAfter shopping for deals in stores on “Black Friday”, or online on “Cyber Monday”, Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular “Giving Tuesday”. Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated ann

27、ually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and United Nations Foundation.As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organ

28、izing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness. In 2015, 700, 000 people from 71 countries came together to donate $116.7 million in cash. An additional $1.08 million was spent on gifts.While the easiest way to participate is by donating to your favorite charity, this day can

29、 be celebrated in many other ways too. You can give back by volunteering at your local shelter or food bank, or even by donating blood. If all else fails, a purchase from the growing number of organizations that give a portion of their sales to charity will do the trick.But perhaps the best way to c

30、elebrate the day is by helping those nearest and dearest to you. Assist a family member with a simple chore like folding laundry, cooking dinner, or even reading to a younger sibling. No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday

31、 as well!8. Which of the following has the shortest history?A. Cyber Monday B. Giving TuesdayC. Black Friday D. Thanksgiving Day9. Whats the main purpose of “Giving Tuesday”?A. To persuade more people to shop onlineB. To make Thanksgiving Day enjoyableC. To encourage more people to do charitiesD. To

32、 get voluntary work better known10. Why does the author advise sharing good deeds on social media?A. To donate money to local schoolsB. To keep a record of ones experienceC. To help people make new friendsD. To make Giving Tuesday more popular11. Which section of a website does the next probably com

33、e from?A. Business B. LifestyleC. Education D. Culture【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。Giving Tuesday是一個(gè)全民性的活動(dòng)，在假期里做慈善捐助，類似于“黑色星期五”和“網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一”那樣的節(jié)日購(gòu)物的形式。 Giving Tuesday的目的是鼓勵(lì)各地的人，為了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的目的而匯聚起來(lái)：幫助他人。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesda

34、y after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and United Nations Foundation.可知Giving Tuesday這個(gè)節(jié)日的時(shí)間最短。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段首句As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for loc

35、al nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness.可知，Giving Tuesday主要目的是鼓勵(lì)人們做慈善。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well!可知作者建議將自己的善行分享到社交

36、媒體上，讓更多的人參與到此活動(dòng)中，使之更流行。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文大意可知，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)全民性慈善活動(dòng)的節(jié)日Giving Tuesday，故可以推測(cè)該文章選自于網(wǎng)站上的文化部分的內(nèi)容。故選D?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本閱讀短文屬于夸文化交際活動(dòng)，除了語(yǔ)言因素外，它還受到中西方文化差異的影響，像此閱讀短文同學(xué)需要了解在西方做慈善是一件很普遍的事情。同學(xué)在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，既要扎實(shí)書本知識(shí)，也要廣泛閱讀，不斷提高自己的知識(shí)廣度，有意識(shí)地多了解文化背景知識(shí)，多關(guān)注社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)，這樣才能做到游刃有余。DNo spacecraft will ever land on the sun. the

37、sun is a flaming ball of gas that reaches thousands of degrees Fahrenheit. But next year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to it than any man made craft has flown before. The mission(任務(wù))is a big development for scientists and, maybe, for everyone else.In September 2018, NASA plans to launch the Par

38、ker Solar Probe. After a journey of nearly 90 million miles, it will fly within 3.8 million miles of the sun. within two months of launching, the probe is expected to reach the suns corona(日冕). Thats the suns outer atmosphere of gases.Getting there wont be easy. Designing a spacecraft tough enough t

39、o hold up to the suns heat has proved difficult. But that hasnt stopped engineers from trying. Temperatures in the corona can reach millions of degrees. The probe will limit itself to regions where things get no hotter than 2,500oF. Thats still a heavy heat load for a spacecraft. But a 4.5-inch-thic

40、k heat shield(罩)will protect the probes camera and scientific instruments.NASA says the data the probe collects could provide knowledge into the physics of stars. Our sun is special to us. But as a star, its rather common. So the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars

41、of its mass and color.Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms. During solar storms, charged particles stream through the solar system. They can disable communications satellites and shut down powder systems. One study has found that a very intense solar storm coul

42、d cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the US alone. It could also black out the East Coast for a year.Understanding solar storms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves. That could make even a mission with a billion-plus price tag one of NASAs great bargains.12. What can we learn about

43、 the probe?A. Itll fly closer to the sun that the previous onesB. Its the first man made instrument to fly to the sunC. Itll get to the core of the sun in nearly two monthsD. Itll fly about 3.8 million miles to reach the corona.13. What is the challenge for the engineers?A. Directing the probe to co

44、llect dataB. Reducing the temperature of the probeC. Building a shield against the heatD. Limiting the probe to proper regions14. What might be the best title?A. Exploring the stars B. Getting close to the sunC. Designing a spaceship D. Protecting the earth15. Where does the value of the mission lie

45、?A. Monitoring satellites B. Exploring solar energyC. Developing scientific instruments D. Forecasting solar storms【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】本文是一篇科普類文章。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局計(jì)劃發(fā)射一個(gè)更能接近太陽(yáng)的人造飛行器?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段But next year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to it than any man made craft has flown

46、 before.可知，此飛行器比目前任何人造飛行器更能飛行接近太陽(yáng)。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Designing a spacecraft tough enough to hold up to the suns heat has proved difficult.可知，如何建造一個(gè)隔熱板對(duì)工程師來(lái)說(shuō)是一件具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。故選C。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局計(jì)劃發(fā)射一個(gè)更能接近太陽(yáng)的人造飛行器，可以歸納出文章的題目Getting close to the sun最佳。故選B。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Perhaps th

47、e most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms.可知，此任務(wù)的價(jià)值在于能夠預(yù)測(cè)太陽(yáng)風(fēng)暴。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A daily multivitamin may give your well-being an extra benefit, but if youve ever swallowed one and felt sick right after, you know its hardly a pl

48、easant experience. _16_ Youre taking vitamins on an empty stomach.Vitamins that are more acid in nature, like vitamin C, may cause nausea（惡心）if theyre consumed on an empty stomach. Vitamins A, D, E and K, unlike some others, may be better absorbed when not taken with food. _17_Vitamins are like medi

49、cines in that they can act on each other and other medicines youre taking. _18_ Some research suggests that multivitamins could cause side effects when taken at the same time estrogen（雌激素）levels are raised. Theres a lot of iron in your pill.Multivitamins that contain a lot of iron or iron supplement

50、s themselves can cause nausea. This is especially true if youre taking them outside of a meal. Iron is interesting in that its best absorbed on an empty stomach, but its hardest to take on an empty stomach because of the nausea. _19_ It might decrease the absorption a little bit but its better than

51、nothing. Allergic Reaction Side EffectsSince multivitamins contain so many vitamins and minerals, allergic reactions are certainly possible. Mild allergic reactions can include itchiness（癢）and a few hives（蕁麻疹）. _20_ Should you experience more advanced signs of an allergic reaction, such as trouble b

52、reathing, chest pain, widespread hives or a swollen facial region, visit the closest emergency room immediately.The label on your vitamins should provide directions for taking them check the information before taking it to see what else you should know.A. Youre taking vitamins with other medicines.B

53、. Below are a few reasons why they may be making you ill.C. Its important to discuss with an expert the timing of these vitamins.D. These stomach issues can be extremely disturbing.E. Its better to take it with food than trying to take it on an empty stomach.F. If you experience these side effects,

54、stop use and contact your doctor.G. Please review the combinations to make sure there are no harmful interactions.【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F【解析】本文是一篇關(guān)于健康方面的科普文章。文章主要講述了每天服用復(fù)合維生素會(huì)給你的健康帶來(lái)額外的好處，但怎樣正確服用呢？文章分析了服用復(fù)合維生素過(guò)程中讓你不舒服的幾個(gè)原因?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下面的四個(gè)小標(biāo)題可知。這里文章主要分析了服用復(fù)合維生素過(guò)程中讓你不舒服的幾個(gè)原因。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下面第一句Vitamins are like medicines in that they can act on each other and other medicines youre taking.可知維生素不可以與其它藥物一起服用。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)其后一句Some research suggests that multivitamins could cause side effects when taken at the same time estrogen(雌激素)levels are raised.可知，服用維生素和其它藥物時(shí)，要檢驗(yàn)是否有害的相