常見(jiàn)緩沖液配制.doc

1、常用緩沖溶液的配制（一）甘氨酸-鹽酸緩沖液（0.05 mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L甘氨酸Y毫升0.2 mol/L HCl，再加水稀釋至200毫升。pHXYpHXY2.25044.03.05011.42.45032.43.2508.22.65024.23.4506.42.85016.83.6505.0甘氨酸分子量75.07。0.2 mol/L甘氨酸溶液含15.01 g/L。（二）鄰苯二甲酸-鹽酸緩沖液（0.05 mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀Y毫升0.2 mol/L HCl，再加水稀釋至20毫升。pH(20)XYpH (20)XY2.254.6703.251.4702

2、.453.9603.450.9902.653.2952.650.5972.852.6423.850.2633.052.032鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀分子量204.23。0.2 mol/L鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀溶液含40.85 g/L。（三）磷酸氫二鈉-檸檬酸緩沖液pH0.2 mol/LNa2HPO4 (mL)0.1 mol/L檸檬酸 (mL)pH0.2 mol/LNa2HPO4 (mL)0.1 mol/L檸檬酸 (mL)2.22.42.62.83.03.23.43.63.84.04.24.44.64.85.00.401.242.183.174.114.945.706.447.107.718.288.829.35

3、9.8610.3019.6018.7617.8216.8315.8915.0614.3013.5612.9012.2911.7211.1810.6510.149.705.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.66.87.07.27.47.67.88.010.7211.1511.6012.0912.6313.2213.8514.5515.4516.4717.3918.1718.7319.1519.459.288.858.407.917.376.786.155.454.553.532.611.831.270.850.55Na2HPO4分子量141.98；0.2 mol/L溶液為28.40 g/

4、L。Na2HPO42H2O分子量178.05；0.2 mol/L溶液為35.61 g/L。Na2HPO412H2O分子量358.22；0.2 mol/L溶液為71.64 g/L。C6H8O7H2O分子量210.14；0.1 mol/L溶液為21.01 g/L。（四）檸檬酸-氫氧化鈉-鹽酸緩沖液pH鈉離子濃度(mol/L)檸檬酸 (g)C6H8O7H2O氫氧化鈉 (g)NaOH 97鹽酸 (mL)HCl (濃)最終體積(L)2.20.2021084160103.10.2021083116103.30.2021083106104.30.202108345105.30.3524514468105.8

5、0.45285186105106.50.3826615612610 使用時(shí)可以每升中加入1克酚，若最后pH值有變化，再用少量50氫氧化鈉溶液或濃鹽酸調(diào)節(jié)，冰箱保存。（五）檸檬酸-檸檬酸鈉緩沖液（0.1 mol/L）pH0.1 mol/L檸檬酸 (mL)0.1 mol/L檸檬酸鈉 (mL)pH0.1 mol/L檸檬酸 (mL)0.1 mol/L檸檬酸鈉 (mL)3.018.61.45.08.211.83.217.22.85.27.312.73.416.04.05.46.413.63.614.95.15.65.514.53.814.06.05.84.715.34.013.16.96.03.816.

6、24.212.37.76.22.817.24.411.48.66.42.018.04.610.39.76.61.418.64.89.210.8檸檬酸：C6H8O7H2O分子量210.14 ；0.1 mol/L溶液為21.01 g/L。檸檬酸鈉：Na3C6H5O72H2O分子量294.12 ；0.1 mol/L溶液為29.41 g/L。（六）醋酸-醋酸鈉緩沖液（0.2 mol/L）pH(18)0.2 mol/LNaAc (mL)0.2 mol/LHAc (mL)pH(18)0.2 mol/LNaAc (mL)0.2 mol/LHAc (mL)3.60.759.354.85.904.103.81.

7、208.805.07.003.004.01.808.205.27.902.104.22.657.355.48.601.404.43.706.305.69.100.904.64.905.105.86.400.60NaAc3H2O分子量136.09；0.2 mol/L溶液為27.22 g/L。冰乙酸11.8 mL稀釋至1 L（需標(biāo)定）。（七）磷酸二氫鉀-氫氧化鈉緩沖液（0.05 mol/L）X 毫升 0.2 mol/L KH2PO4+Y毫升0.2 mol/L NaOH 加水稀釋至20毫升。pH (20)X (mL)Y (mL)pH (20) X (mL) Y (mL)5.850.3727.052.

8、9636.050.5707.253.5006.250.8607.453.9506.451.2607.654.2806.651.7807.854.5206.852.3658.054.680（八）磷酸鹽緩沖液 磷酸氫二鈉-磷酸二氫鈉緩沖液（0.2 mol/L）pH0.2 mol/LNa2HPO4 (mL)0.2 mol/LNaH2PO4 (mL)pH0.2 mol/LNa2HPO4 (mL)0.2 mol/LNaH2PO4 (mL)5.88.092.07.061.039.05.910.090.07.167.033.06.012.387.77.272.028.06.115.085.07.377.02

9、3.06.218.581.57.481.019.06.322.577.57.584.016.06.426.573.57.687.013.06.531.568.57.789.510.56.637.562.57.891.58.56.743.556.57.993.07.06.849.051.08.094.75.36.955.045.0Na2HPO42H2O分子量178.05；0.2 mol/L溶液為35.61 g/L。Na2HPO412H2O分子量358.22；0.2 mol/L溶液為71.64 g/L。NaH2PO4H2O分子量138.01；0.2 mol/L溶液為27.6 g/L。NaH2PO4

10、2H2O分子量156.03；0.2 mol/L溶液為31.21 g/L。（九）巴比妥納-鹽酸緩沖液pH（18）0.04 mol/L巴比妥鈉(mL)0.2 mol/LHCl (mL)PH（18）0.04 mol/L巴比妥鈉(mL)0.2 mol/LHCl (mL)6.810018.48.41005.217.010017.88.61003.827.210016.78.81002.527.410015.39.01001.657.610013.49.21001.137.810011.479.41000.708.01009.399.61000.358.21007.21巴比妥鈉分子量206.18；0.04

11、 mol/L溶液為8.25 g/L。（十）Tris-HCl緩沖液（0.05 mol/L）50毫升0.1mol/L三羥甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）溶液與X毫升0.1mol/L鹽酸混勻并稀釋至100毫升。pH (25)X (mL)pH (25)X (mL)7.1045.78.1026.27.2044.78.2022.97.3043.48.3019.97.4042.08.4017.27.5040.38.5014.77.6038.58.6012.47.7036.68.7010.37.8034.58.808.57.9032.08.907.08.0029.2Tris分子量121.14 ；0.1 mol/L溶液

12、為12.114 g/L。Tris溶液可從空氣中吸收二氧化碳，使用時(shí)注意將瓶蓋嚴(yán)。（十一）、硼酸-硼砂緩沖液 (0.2 mol/L硼酸根)pH0.05 mol/L硼砂 (mL)0.2 mol/L硼酸 (mL)pH0.05 mol/L硼砂 (mL)0.2 mol/L硼酸 (mL)7.41.09.08.23.56.57.61.58.58.44.55.57.82.08.08.76.04.08.03.07.09.08.02.0硼砂：Na2B4O710H2O分子量381.43；0.05 mol/L溶液（等于0.2 mol/L硼酸根）含19.07 g/L。硼酸：H3BO3分子量61.84；0.2 mol/L

13、的溶液為12.37 g/L。硼砂易失去結(jié)晶水，必須在帶塞的瓶中保存。（十二）甘氨酸-氫氧化鈉緩沖液（0.05 mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L甘氨酸Y毫升0.2 mol/L NaOH加水稀釋至200毫升。pHX (mL)Y (mL)pHX (mL)Y (mL)8.6504.09.65022.48.8506.09.85027.29.0508.8105032.09.25012.010.45038.69.45016.810.65045.5甘氨酸分子量75.07；0.2 mol/L溶液含15.01 g/L（十三）硼砂-氫氧化納緩沖液（0.05 mol/L硼酸根）X毫升0.05 mol/L硼砂Y毫升

14、0.2 mol/L NaOH加水稀釋至200毫升。pHX (mL)Y (mL)pHX (mL)Y (mL)9.3506.09.85034.09.45011.010.05043.09.65023.010.15046.0硼砂Na2B4O710H2O分子量381.43；0.05 mol/L硼砂溶液（等于0.2 mol/L硼酸根）為19.07 g/L。（十四）碳酸鈉-碳酸氫鈉緩沖液（0.1 mol/L）(此緩沖液在Ca2、Mg2存在時(shí)不得使用).pH0.1 mol/L Na2CO3(mL)0.1 mol/L NaHCO3(mL)20379.168.77199.409.22289.519.40379.789.50469.909.725510.149.906410.2810.087310.5310.288210.8310.5791Na2CO310H2O分子量286.2； 0.1 mol/L溶液為28.62 g/L。NaHCO3分子量84.0； 0.1 mol/L溶液為8.40 g/L。pH 2.5乳酸-乳酸鈉緩沖液 (0.05mol)A 液: 稱取80%90%乳酸10.6g,加蒸餾水稀釋定容至1000mL。B 液: 稱取70%乳酸鈉16g,