托福閱讀真題及答案

1、托福閱讀真題及答案 為了讓大家更好的準(zhǔn)備托?？荚?，給大家了托福真題回憶版,下面就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。 xx年6月8日北美地區(qū)托?？荚嚩伎剂四男╊}目?以下是xx年6月8日北美地區(qū)托福真題，大家可以練習(xí)使用。 托福機(jī)經(jīng)閱讀 我遇到了加試，還不是經(jīng)典加試，人品差哇。 有一篇是講地球的形成的，先講了星球大概形成的一個(gè)過程。然后具體說了地球內(nèi)部的硅浮上來，重物質(zhì)下去。還講了地幔和地殼的形成。然后還有什么一開始是一些神馬物質(zhì)，后來這些物質(zhì)就走掉了，還有水汽，還有其他氫啊神馬的進(jìn)來，然后形成最終狀態(tài)。 有個(gè)著名的帝國破滅了，分成了東和西。然后東比較好，需要防衛(wèi)的邊界線不是很多，還有很多資源;西的話就比

2、較悲慘，要各種防衛(wèi)，內(nèi)憂外患。還有西的話君主特別年輕，8歲和5歲還是神馬的就登基了，然后權(quán)臣當(dāng)?shù)?，等他們成年了，也沒有發(fā)言權(quán)了。然后就說很多人都是為了自己的利益來的，犧牲民眾的利益，外敵就入侵了。 還有一篇講一個(gè)國家內(nèi)戰(zhàn)求民主，但是結(jié)果很不理想，想要的木有達(dá)到。窮苦民眾無力去撼動(dòng)大地主的利益，然后教堂啥的影響很小，商人首創(chuàng)嚴(yán)重，大地主反而獲利很大。還講了 _對(duì)周邊國家的一些影響，有些國家出乎意料還從中受益了。 還有一篇一點(diǎn)印象都木有了! 托福機(jī)經(jīng)聽力 有一道是去找教授的，我沒聽太清楚。姑娘寫了篇論文，和教授分析自己的論文。貌似選擇的題目是和網(wǎng)絡(luò)還有雜志相關(guān)的，我沒聽清楚到底是網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)紙質(zhì)媒介的影

3、響，還是網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)范的制定神馬的，這里有題目的。姑娘說自己找了很多資料，教授表示挺驚訝的，估計(jì)覺著資料很難找。然后姑娘天馬行空，想寫的東西特別多，還想比較1970年的和現(xiàn)在的情況。教授讓她不要弄那么大的題目，最后她絕對(duì)專注于目前。 還有一篇是講一個(gè)男孩選了兩門生物課，一門鋼琴課。然后導(dǎo)師勸他放棄其中一門課。男孩說自己非常喜歡生物，也很愛音樂，但是自己確實(shí)沒有那么多的時(shí)間，每天兩個(gè)小時(shí)的彈琴也沒有能保證。導(dǎo)師也說他是個(gè)很好的學(xué)生，但是最近的成績確實(shí)不夠理想。讓他想清楚自己到底想做神馬。學(xué)校里有選不同方向的學(xué)生，但是他們一般兩個(gè)方向都是相關(guān)的。她問男孩是不是想彈鋼琴去講生物神馬的。男孩一開始不肯放棄，

4、后來被勸著勸著覺著導(dǎo)師挺有道理的，決定回家仔細(xì)想想放棄哪一門。 有一篇講百老匯的。說18x.x年有一個(gè)新的方式出現(xiàn)了。那段時(shí)間新興了很多中產(chǎn)階級(jí)，需要娛樂，這里有題。新出來的和普通的不一樣，有很多新點(diǎn)子，引入了芭蕾神馬的，還全美巡演20年，還有移動(dòng)舞臺(tái)，給觀眾全新的體驗(yàn)。 還有一篇講電影的，教授說這些名字你們都很熟悉吧，但是你們不一定知道全部的信息。然后就具體講了迪士尼的動(dòng)畫。說了其中一部，非常重要，重要的原因貌似是第一部盈利的，這里有題。然后講了一個(gè)拍攝的新技巧，說鏡頭拉近，附近的東西會(huì)變大，樹啊柵欄啊啥的都變大了，但是太陽不會(huì)變大。這個(gè)就挺難弄的，如果讓畫家畫的話太費(fèi)力了。然后有個(gè)人去看了

5、部舞臺(tái)劇，舞臺(tái)劇是有背景的，給了靈感，這里有題。然后就弄了濾片啥的在相機(jī)里拍攝，就解決問題啦。 托福機(jī)經(jīng)口語 1、有三個(gè)了解大學(xué)的選擇 a. 周末學(xué)校一日游 b. 周末兩天在playground玩 c. 參加大學(xué)的課程 問選擇哪種去最好的了解學(xué)校 2、有人送了一塊地，問是用來養(yǎng)花種菜呢還是建兒童游樂園 3、閱讀：有人給學(xué)校寫了封建議信，刊登在學(xué)校的報(bào)紙上。學(xué)校附近有一個(gè)小咖啡廳兮兮的東西，提供飲料和小cookie。這是非常好的，但是有兩個(gè)建議，一個(gè)是提供一些耐吃的食物，三明治神馬的;一個(gè)是建議多一些輕音樂。 對(duì)話：一男一女，女孩說覺得這個(gè)建議非常贊啊。說那里是休息的一個(gè)好地方，吃點(diǎn)東西神馬的太

6、便利了。但是餓的時(shí)候小cookie木有用，確實(shí)需要一些其他的吃的;然后音樂太吵了，自己在那里完全沒有辦法看書，只能回宿舍。 4、閱讀：一個(gè)協(xié)同作戰(zhàn)之類的詞，講動(dòng)物之間一般會(huì)一起做一樣的事情。而且協(xié)同作戰(zhàn)還會(huì)讓他們更團(tuán)結(jié)，抵抗外敵。 聽力：教授舉了某種動(dòng)物做例子，說在遷徙的時(shí)候，如果一只口渴停下來喝水，其他不渴的也會(huì)停下來喝，喝完再一起繼續(xù)遷徙。為嘛他們要一起呢，因?yàn)樵赿ry open grass上有很危險(xiǎn)的敵人，有獅子神馬的。如果單獨(dú)行動(dòng)太危險(xiǎn)了，很有可能喪命。 5、一男一女對(duì)話。男孩很苦惱，遇到問題了。他現(xiàn)在住的屋子的房東準(zhǔn)備把屋子賣了，然后有個(gè)看上的買家非常著急要買，他還有一周多一些的時(shí)間

7、可以搬家。他現(xiàn)在有兩個(gè)選擇方案，一個(gè)是他的朋友在學(xué)校附近有個(gè)屋子在招租，但是他覺著這樣他就沒法定下心來學(xué)習(xí)了;還有就是和父母住一起，但是父母住的地方忒遠(yuǎn)了。很難抉擇。 6、有關(guān)動(dòng)物的。說動(dòng)物有兩個(gè)適應(yīng)特性，一個(gè)是Physical適應(yīng)，一個(gè)是habit適應(yīng)還是神馬的。講了一個(gè)動(dòng)物在極度寒冷的地方，為了保持自身的熱量如何很好地用兩種方法來適應(yīng)。一個(gè)是他們的顏色是黑色的，黑色能吸收更多的太陽光，熱量傳到身體里面。一個(gè)是它們平時(shí)站在冰塊上，于是它們采取不同于尋常的站立方式，木有用兩只腳，而是用了腳后跟。 托福機(jī)經(jīng)寫作 1、閱讀材料 科學(xué)家們2000年和xx在兩個(gè)相隔1500Mile的地方發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)我不認(rèn)

8、識(shí)的物種，這個(gè)動(dòng)物正常情況下是黑色帶有少許白色斑點(diǎn)，結(jié)果兩次發(fā)現(xiàn)的是全白色的，這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)非常神奇。但是科學(xué)家們仔細(xì)分析了下，說這兩個(gè)東西不是同一物種，并從三個(gè)方面給出了分析。 a. 輕微的顏色差異：第一次非常白，第二次微白; b. 相隔太遠(yuǎn)：兩次相隔了1500mile，他們在岸邊不會(huì)走這么遠(yuǎn); c. 年齡估計(jì)：第一次估計(jì)是20歲，那就意味著第二次得要30歲，科學(xué)家表示不太可能，我沒太能弄懂這個(gè)的意思，但是就是這么說的。 綜上所述，這兩個(gè)物種不是同一個(gè)。 聽力材料 教授的觀點(diǎn)是認(rèn)為他們是同一個(gè)物種，從三點(diǎn)分別駁斥了這些科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn) a. 這個(gè)生物生活的地方會(huì)長貌似是藻類alga,然后這個(gè)藻類不同季

9、節(jié)的生長情況不太一樣。不同季節(jié)會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)動(dòng)物的顏色有一定的影響，有可能白還是不白時(shí)候是被這個(gè)藻類覆蓋了。 b. 這個(gè)生物按生活習(xí)性分為兩類，一類是hunting，一類是fishing，有可能被發(fā)現(xiàn)的是fishing的，它待在冰上，隨著冰漂移2000mi也是很容易滴，所以在這兩個(gè)地方發(fā)現(xiàn)同一個(gè)是很有可能的。 c. 年齡有可能被預(yù)估錯(cuò)誤了，這個(gè)生物到20歲以后就沒啥變化了，20歲和30歲長得很像的?？茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為是20歲，萬一是25捏?反正就是年齡預(yù)估這事不靠譜。 綜上所述，教授認(rèn)為，很有可能是同一個(gè)物種 2、有些人認(rèn)為成績應(yīng)該由許多小assignment的成績綜合，有些人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該1-2次大成績。寫出自

10、己的觀點(diǎn)，并給出案例和分析。 Timberline Vegetation on Mountains The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slope is often a dramatic one. Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses. This rapid zone of

11、transition is called the upper timberline or tree line. In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or desert at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture. The upper timberline, like the snow line, is highest in the tropics and lowest in th

12、e Polar Regions. It ranges from sea level in the Polar Regions to 4,500 meters in the dry subtropics and 3,500-4,500 meters in the moist tropics. Timberline trees are normally evergreens, suggesting that these have some advantage over deciduous trees (those that lose their leaves) in the extreme env

13、ironments of the upper timberline. There are some areas, however, where broadleaf deciduous trees form the timberline. Species of birch, for example, may our at the timberline in parts of the Himalayas. At the upper timberline the trees begin to bee twisted and deformed. This is particularly true fo

14、r trees in the middle and upper latitudes, which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. This is because middle- and upper- latitude timberlines are strongly influenced by the duration and depth of the snow cover. As the

15、snow is deeper and lasts longer in the valleys, trees tend to attain greater heights on the ridges, even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. In the tropics, the valleys appear to be more favorable because they are less prone to dry out, they have less fros

16、t, and they have deeper soils. There is still no universally agreed-on explanation for why there should be such a dramatic cessation of tree growth at the upper timberline. Various environmental factors may play a role. Too much snow, for example, can smother trees, and avalanches and snow creep can

17、 damage or destroy them. Late-lying snow reduces the effective growing season to the point where seedlings cannot establish themselves. Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes. Some scientists have

18、 proposed that the presence of increasing levels of ultraviolet light with elevation may play a role, while browsing and grazing animals like the ibex may be another contributing factor. Probably the most important environmental factor is temperature, for if the growing season is too short and tempe

19、ratures are too low, tree shoots and buds cannot mature sufficiently to survive the winter months. Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra. Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the tundra consists of a fairly plete cover of low-lying shrubs, herbs, and grasses,

20、while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with oasional mosses and lichens and some prostrate cushion plants. Some plants can even survive in favorable microhabitats above the snow line. The highest plants in the world our at around 6,100 meters on

21、Makalu in the Himalayas. At this great height, rocks, warmed by the sun, melt small snowdrifts. The most striking characteristic of the plants of the alpine zone is their low growth form. This enables them to avoid the worst rigors of high winds and permits them to make use of the higher temperature

22、s immediately adjacent to the ground surface. In an area where low temperatures are limiting to life, the importance of the additional heat near the surface is crucial. The low growth form can also permit the plants to take advantage of the insulation provided by a winter snow cover. In the equatori

23、al mountains the low growth form is less prevalent. Paragraph 1: The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slope is often a dramatic one. Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses. This

24、 rapid zone of transition is called the upper timberline or tree line. In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or desert at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture. 1. The word “dramatic” in the passage is closest in meaning to gradua

25、l plex visible striking 2. Where is the lower timberline mentioned in paragraph 1 likely to be found? In an area that has little water In an area that has little sunlight Above a transition area On a mountain that has on upper timberline. 3. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 ab

26、out both the upper and lower timberlines? Both are treeless zones. Both mark forest boundaries. Both are surrounded by desert areas. Both suffer from a lack of moisture. Paragraph 2: The upper timberline, like the snow line, is highest in the tropics and lowest in the Polar Regions. It ranges from s

27、ea level in the Polar Regions to 4,500 meters in the dry subtropics and 3,500-4,500 meters in the moist tropics. Timberline trees are normally evergreens, suggesting that these have some advantage over deciduous trees (those that lose their leaves) in the extreme environments of the upper timberline

28、. There are some areas, however, where broadleaf deciduous trees form the timberline. Species of birch, for example, may our at the timberline in parts of the Himalayas. 4. Paragraph 2 supports which of the following statements about deciduous trees? They cannot grow in cold climates. They do not ex

29、ist at the upper timberline. They are less likely than evergreens to survive at the upper timberline. They do not require as much moisture as evergreens do. Paragraph 3: At the upper timberline the trees begin to bee twisted and deformed. This is particularly true for trees in the middle and upper l

30、atitudes, which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. This is because middle- and upper- latitude timberlines are strongly influenced by the duration and depth of the snow cover. As the snow is deeper and lasts longer i

31、n the valleys, trees tend to attain greater heights on the ridges, even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. In the tropics, the valleys appear to be more favorable because they are less prone to dry out, they have less frost, and they have deeper soils. 5.

32、 The word “attain” in the passage is closest in meaning to require resist achieve endure 6. The word “they” in the passage refers to valleys trees heights ridges 7. The word “prone” in the passage is closest in meaning to，bj.xhd./toefl/：北京新航道托福培訓(xùn) adapted likely difficult resistant 8. Aording to para

33、graph 3, which of the following is true of trees in the middle and upper latitudes? Tree growth is negatively affected by the snow cover in valleys. Tree growth is greater in valleys than on ridges. Tree growth on ridges is not affected by high-velocity winds. Tree growth lasts longer in those latit

34、udes than it does in the tropics. Paragraph 4：There is still no universally agreed-on explanation for why there should be such a dramatic cessation of tree growth at the upper timberline. Various environmental factors may play a role. Too much snow, for example, can smother trees, and avalanches and

35、 snow creep can damage or destroy them. Late-lying snow reduces the effective growing season to the point where seedlings cannot establish themselves. Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes. Some

36、scientists have proposed that the presence of increasing levels of ultraviolet light with elevation may play a role, while browsing and grazing animals like the ibex may be another contributing factor. Probably the most important environmental factor is temperature, for if the growing season is too

37、short and temperatures are too low, tree shoots and buds cannot mature sufficiently to survive the winter months. 9. Which of the sentences below best express the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? In correct choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out es

38、sential information. Because of their deformed shapes at high altitudes, trees are not likely to be seriously harmed by the strong winds typical of those altitudes. As altitude increases, the velocity of winds increase, leading to a serious decrease in the number of trees found at high altitudes. Th

39、e deformed shapes of trees at high altitudes show that wind velocity, which increase with altitude, can cause serious hardship for trees. Increased wind velocity at high altitudes deforms the shapes of trees, and this may cause serious stress for trees. 10. In paragraph 4, what is the authors main p

40、urpose in the discussion of the dramatic cessation of tree growth at the upper timberline? To argue that none of several environment factors that are believed to contribute to that phenomenon do in fact play a role in causing it. To argue in support of one particular explanation of that phenomenon a

41、gainst several peting explanations To explain why the primary environmental factor responsible for that phenomenon has not yet been identified To present several environmental factors that may contribute to a satisfactory explanation of that phenomenon Paragraph 6: The most striking characteristic o

42、f the plants of the alpine zone is their low growth form. This enables them to avoid the worst rigors of high winds and permits them to make use of the higher temperatures immediately adjacent to the ground surface. In an area where low temperatures are limiting to life, the importance of the additi

43、onal heat near the surface is crucial. The low growth form can also permit the plants to take advantage of the insulation provided by a winter snow cover. In the equatorial mountains the low growth form is less prevalent. 11. The word “prevalent” in the passage is closest in meaning to predictable w

44、idespread suessful developed 12. Aording to paragraph 6, all of the following statements are true of plants in the alpine zone EXCEPT: Because they are low, they are less exposed to strong winds. Because they are low, the winter snow cover gives them more protection from the extreme cold. In the equ

45、atorial mountains, they tend to be lower than in mountains elsewhere. Their low growth form keeps them closer to the ground, where there is more heat than further up. Paragraph 5: Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra. Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the

46、tundra consists of a fairly plete cover of low-lying shrubs, herbs, and grasses, while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with oasional mosses and lichens and some prostrate cushion plants. Some plants can even survive in favorable microhabitats ab

47、ove the snow line. The highest plants in the world our at around 6,100 meters on Makalu in the Himalayas. At this great height, rocks, warmed by the sun, melt small snowdrifts. 13. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. This explains how, f

48、or example, alpine cushion plants have been found growing at an altitude of 6,180 meters. Where would the sentence best fit? 14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most

49、 important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. At the timberline, whether upper or lower, there is a profound change in the growth of tre

50、es and other plants. Answer choices Birch is one of the few species of tree that can survive in the extreme environments of the upper timberline. There is no agreement among scientists as to exactly why plant growth is sharply different above and below the upper timberline. The temperature at the up

51、per timberline is probably more important in preventing tree growth than factors such as the amount of snowfall or the force of winds. The geographical location of an upper timberline has an impact on both the types of trees found there and their physical characteristics. High levels of ultraviolet

52、light most likely play a greater role in determining tree growth at the upper timberline than do grazing animals such as the ibex. Despite being adjacent to the timberline, the alpine tundra is an area where certain kinds of low trees can endure high winds and very low temperatures. 參考答案： 1. 4 2. 1

53、3. 2 4. 3 5. 3 6. 2 7. 2 8. 1 9. 3 10. 4 11. 2 12. 3 13. 4 14. There is no agreement among The temperature at the upper The geographical location of The Origins of Theater In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence o

54、n which to draw. The most widely aepted theory, championed by anthropologists in the late nieenth and early twentieth centuries, envisions theater as emerging out of myth and ritual. The process perceived by these anthropologists may be summarized briefly. During the early stages of its development,

55、 a society bees aware of forces that appear to influence or control its food supply and well-being. Having little understanding of natural causes, it attributes both desirable and undesirable ourrences to supernatural or magical forces, and it searches for means to win the favor of these forces. Per

56、ceiving an apparent connection between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals. Stories (myths) may then grow up around a ritual. Frequently the myths include representatives of those

57、supernatural forces that the rites celebrate or hope to influence. Performers may wear costumes and masks to represent the mythical characters or supernatural forces in the rituals or in aompanying celebrations. As a person bees more sophisticated, its conceptions of supernatural forces and causal relationships may change. As a result, it may abandon or modify some rites. But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the groups oral tradition and may even e to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites. When this ours, the first step has bee