小升初英語專題講解十一 動詞（通用）

第十一講 動詞1、 詞匯及短語積累1. see/si:/v.理解；明白2. say/sei/v.說；講3. meet/mi:t/v.遇見；相逢4. excuse/ikskju:z, ikskju:s/v.原諒；寬恕5. help/help/v.n.幫助；援助 -help sb with sth -help sb (to) do sth6. ask/:sk/v.請求；要求；詢問 -ask.for.請求；懇求(給予) -ask sb to do sth7. find/faind/v.找到；發(fā)現(xiàn)8. call/k:l/v.(給)打電話9. know/nu/n.知道，了解10. have/hv, hv/v.有11. go/gu/v.去；走12. play/plei/v.參加(比賽或運動)；玩耍13. sound/saund/v.聽起來好像14. watch/wt/v.注視；觀看15. love/lv/v.n.愛；喜歡16. like/laik/v.喜歡；喜愛17. think about思考；思索18. eat/i:t/v.吃19. want/wnt/v.需要；想要20. need/ni:d/v.需要21. buy/bai/v.購買；買22. sell/sel/v.出售；銷售；賣23. finish/fini/v.完成；做好24. join v.參加；加入25. dance v.跳舞；舞蹈 26. swim v.游泳 27. sing v.唱；唱歌 28. paint v.畫畫 29. show n.演出;表演 v.展示； 30. draw v.畫31. write v.寫作，寫字32. exercise v.n鍛煉；練習 33. work n.& v.工作 34. brush v.刷 35. run v 跑；奔 36. walk 行走；步行 37. taste v.有的味道；品嘗n.味道；滋味 38. ride v騎 n旅行39. drive 開車40. stop 停止41. arrive 到達 42. listen 聽；傾聽 43. fight 打架；戰(zhàn)斗 44. wear穿；戴 45. bring 帶來；取來46. relax 放松；休息47. read 讀；閱讀 48. feel 感受；覺的 49. remember 記?。?記起 50. follow 遵循；跟隨 51. keep 保持；保留 52. learn 學習；學會53. sleep 睡覺54. save v. 救；救助55. forget v.忘記；旗桿56. cut v. 砍；切 57. kill v.殺死；弄死 58. use v.使用；運用59. wash v.洗 60. drink v.喝61. shop v. 購物 62. study v. n學習；研究 63. miss 懷念.思念 64. wish v. 希望 65. rain 下雨；雨水66. snow下雪；雪67. cook做飯68. visit拜訪；參觀69. sit坐70. skate滑冰71. pay付費72. turn轉向；翻73. spend花（時間、錢等74. enjoy享受；喜愛75. put放76. order點菜；命令77. blow吹78. milk擠奶79. feed喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)80. grow種植；生長；發(fā)育81. pick采；摘82. hear聽到；聽見83. stay停留84. shout呼叫，喊叫85. fly飛86. move移動87. start開始，著手88. wake弄醒，醒2、 詞義辨析1、 look, see, read, watch -look -see -read -watch2、 listen, hear, sound -listen -hear -sound3、 動詞的時態(tài)(-)-般現(xiàn)在時1、 -般現(xiàn)在時的功能 -般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。He is 12. She is at home. 表示經常的或習慣性的動作。I go to school at 7:30 every day. 表示主語具備的性格和能力等。She likes apples. They know English.2、-般現(xiàn)在時的構成 1). be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。 I am a boy.我是-個男孩。 2).實意動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 We study English.我們學習英語。 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it，名詞單數(shù))時，動詞形式有以下幾種變化：1 -般動詞在詞尾加-s,在清輔音后讀/s/，在濁輔音或元音后讀/z/，在t后讀/ts/，在d后讀/ds/。like-likes2 以字母s, x, sh, ch結尾的動詞加-es, 讀/iz/。如果動詞原形詞尾已有e，則加s。以o結尾的動詞也加-es，讀/z/。guess-guesses3 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞，先邊y為i，再加-es，讀/z/。study-studies.3、-般現(xiàn)在時的變化 1). be動詞的變化。 否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。 -般疑問句：Be +主語+其它？ -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 2).實意動詞的變化。 否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt( ) +動詞原形(+其它)。 I dont like bread. 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesnt構成否定句。 He doesnt often play. -般疑問句：Do( Does+主語+動詞原形+其它。Do you often play football? -Yes, I do. /No, I dont. 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構成-般疑問句？ - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 基礎練習1、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。drink _ go _ stay _ make_look _have_ pass_ carry_ come_ watch_plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ teach_wash_ guess_ finish_ skate_play_cut_move_2、選擇填空。1) Linda_pictures very much.A. like drawing B.like to drawing C.like draw D. likes drawing2) He_very busy this week. He free next week. A. will be; is B.is; is C.is; will be D.is; will3) The film is going to begin. Please dont_. A. talk B.say C.talking D.to talk4) Mary often_TV the evening. A. watch B.watches C.is watching D.watched3、用所給的人稱改寫句子 1) I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2) We grow beautiful flowers. (she)3) They like collecting stamps. (Ben)4) I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5) You like making a model ship. (Helen)6) We clean the classroom every day. (he)7) They look after the pandas. (Mr Wang)8) I draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy)9) We go to bed at eight. ( my sister)10) I read newspapers in the evening. (Mr Green) 4、根據(jù)所給詞的正確形式填空。1) He often _(have) dinner at home.2) We _(not watch) TV on Monday.3) Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.4) _ they _(like) the World Cup?5) What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?6) _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?7) The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.8) She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.9) Mike _(like) cooking.10) They _(have) the same hobby.11) My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.12) You always _(do) your homework well.13) I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.14) She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.15) Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.16) The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.17) Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.18) He _(read) English every day. 19) We _(go)to school at seven in the morning. 20) Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning. 21) My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 22) I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures. 23) She_(make) a model plane. 24) Does Nancy_(grow)flowers on Saturday ? 25) The students_(speak) English in class. 26) The student_(speak) Chinese after class. 27) Sometimes Peter_(go) to the park by bike.28) Nancy usually_ (draw) pictures at home.29) John always _ (have) breakfast at 8：00.30) -What _ (do) he like?- He _ (like) playing table tennis31) Janet _ (get) up at 7:30 a.m. every day, so she is always late for school.32) Peters father often_(take)a bus to go to work.33) Jim always_(have)a lot of questions.34) Dont_ (wash) your shuts now.35) She_ (watch) TV every evening.36) -What _ Kevin _ (do) on weekends?37) -He sometimes_ (clean) his room. Sometimes he_ (wash)his clothes.38) _ your brother_ (read) books every day?5、按要求改寫句子1) Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 2) I have many books. （改為否定句） 3) Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改為否定句） 4) She lives in a small town near New York. （改為-般疑問句）5) I watch TV every day. （改為-般疑問句）6) David has got a goal. （改為-般疑問句） 7) We have four lessons.（否定句） 8) Nancy doesnt run fast （肯定句）9) My dog runs fast. 否定句： -般疑問句： 10) Mike has two letters for him. -般疑問句： 否定句： 11) I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 否定句， -般疑問句12) Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday. 否定句， -般疑問句13) Mingming usually waters the flowers every day 否定句，-般疑問句14) Tom does his homework at home. 否定句，-般疑問句15) Her uncle works in a university.（改為-般疑問句）16) They have classes at 2:30 in the afternoon.（改為-般疑問句）17) She likes cooking very much.（改為否定句）18) I read English every day.（對劃線部分提問）(二)現(xiàn)在進行時What are you doing? I am watching TV. What are they doing? They are studying. What is he doing? He is doing homework. What is she doing? She is cooking. (1) 概念：表示說話時刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進行或正在發(fā)生的動作。 (2)標志詞：now, right now, look, Listen, Its 8:00. Wheres Tom? (3)構成：be (am, is, are) +doing eg: Listen! A girl _ (sing) a song in the next room.They _ (watch) TV now. (4)動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則：-般在動詞原形末尾加-ing eg: fly _ work_以不發(fā)音的e結尾的，去e加ing eg: write _take _以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動詞，如末尾只有-個輔音字母，雙寫-字母，加ingeg: begin _ sit _ run _ swim _ (5)句型變化：A：否定句：主+be (am, is, are) not +doing +其它The students are playing basketball now. (否定句) The students _ _ basketball now. B: -般疑問句：Be +主+doing +其它？ He is cleaning the classroom now. (-般疑問句)_ he _ the classroom now?Practice-寫出動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式：sit _watch _ do _ talk _have _ teach _ take _get _ swim _ put _ run _sing _ dance _fly _write _ read_listen_ use_make_ wash_exercise_ 按要求改寫句子1. The boy is playing basketball. 否定句：_ -般疑問句：_ 肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_ 對“is playing basketball”提問：_ 對“The boy”提問：_2. They are singing in the classroom. 否定句：_-般疑問句：_肯定回答：_ _否定回答：_對“are singing ”提問：_對“in the classroom”提問：_3. 仿照例句造句: Model:read a book -What are you doing? -Im reading a book.1) .read a new book_2).clean the blackboard_3. she,the window,open,now.(用現(xiàn)在進行時連詞成句.) _4. The birds are singing in the tree.(就劃線部分提問) _5. is,who,the window,cleaning?(連詞成句) _6. The children are playing games near the house.(就劃線部分提問) _7. She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)_8. You are doing your homework.(用I作主語改寫句子) _9. they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用現(xiàn)在進行時連詞成句.) _10. The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成-般疑問句) _真題演練I. 選擇填空。（4分）1) He is _ to Ben about their school field trip.A.talk B.talks C.talking2) -How is she feeling? -She_ better.A. feels B.is feel C.is feeling D. feel3) Mike _ fast. Look! He _ faster than Tom.A. runs; run B.run; running C.runs; is running4) -What are you doing? -Im_the ball.A. hit B.hits C.hitting D. hitingII. 用所給動詞的正確形式填空。（16分）1) Mr. Black _ (teach) the students English in the classroom now.2) Tom _ (have)a big lunch with his family now.3) Look! The girl _ (sing)!4) Liu Tao is _ (read) a story in the newspaper.5) Look! The children _ (dance) on the playground.6) Look! His mother _ (cook) dinner for him.7) Look! They _ (play) happily on the playground.8) We _ (have) our English examination now.9) Listen! Someone is _ (cry) outside.10) -Whatre you doing?-We _ (water) the flowers.11) Its six oclock now. We _ (have) dinner.12) Miss Li _ (sleep)in the room now.13) The boy _ (draw) flowers now.14) Listen, some children _ (sing) some English songs.15) -_ Lucy _ _(wash) her blouse?-Yes, she is.16) They _ (plant) the trees in the garden now.（3） -般將來時1、 定義：表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示時間的詞連用。2、 結構：1、be going to+動詞原形2、shall/will+動詞原形三、句式結構1、begoingto+動詞原形.肯定句:主語+be(am/,is,/are)goingto+動詞原形+其它 MysisterisgoingtolearnEnglishnextyear. .否定句:主語+be(am/is/are)notgoingto+動詞原形+其它Iamnotgoingto(goto)thecinematonight. .-般疑問句:Be(am/is/are)+主語+goingto+動詞原型+其它?Isyourfathergoingtoplaybasketballwithyou?No,heisnt. .特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞(Wh-)+-般疑問句?WhereareyougoingtospendSpringFestival? 2、will/shall+動詞原形(在書面語中，主語是第-人稱時，常用shall,在口語中，所有人稱都可以用will) .肯定句主語+will/shall+動詞原形+其它I(shall)writetohimnextweek. .否定句主語+will/shall+not+動詞原形+其它TheywontwatchTVthisevening. .-般疑問句will/shall+主語+動詞原形+其它Willyoustayathomewithustomorrow?.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞(Wh-)+-般疑問句Whenwillyourfatherbeback?4、 時間標志： tomorrow,soon,nextMonday,nextyear,nextweekend,thisafternoon, thisevening課堂練習-、選擇填空1. ( ) She is going to _ after school. A. listening to music B. listens to music C. listen to music D. listened to music2. ( ) We _ in Beijing in two days.A. will arrives B. arrives C. are going to arrive D. arriving3. ( ) The students _ dumplings tomorrow. A. are going to make B. are making C. will make D. are make4. ( ) Are you going to_ thirteen years old next year? A. will be B. are C. be D. go5. ( ) _will see a play in 5 days? A. When B. What C. Who D. Whose6. ( ) Mary_ English next year. A. will learn B. will to learn C. are going to learn. D. learns7. ( ) Hell _ shopping this afternoon.A. going B. go C. goes D. went8. ( ) Will you _ at the bus stop at 10:30? A. meeting B. Meets C. meet D. met9. ( ) Lily and I _ the guitar. next week. A. am going to play B. are going to play C. will plays D. play10. ( ) How _ Jenny _ home tomorrow? A. does.go B. isgoing C. willgo D. dogo11. ( ) Who is going to _ a song? A. sings B. Singing C. to sing D. sing12. ( ) I _in Beijing in three days. A. are going to arrive B. Arrive C. will arrive D. arrives13. ( ) He _some model planes tomorrow .A. going to make B. is making C. will make D makes14.( ) Are you going to _a doctor next year? A. will be B. are C. be D. are going to15.( ) She _ you make supper this evening . A. helps B. will help C. is helping D. is going help16. ( ) What are you_tomorrow afternoon?A. going to do B.do C go to do D.going to doing17. ( ) I _ to Shanghai to visit my uncle next month.A. went B.go C.goes D.will go18.( ) Dont watch TV, Tom! You_an English exam next week. A. have B will have C.is having D.had2、 根據(jù)所給詞的適當形式填空。1. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.2. Mary _ (see) her grandfather tomorrow.3. David _ (fly) kites in the park this weekend.4. I_ (make) a plan for English study in three days.5. Who _ (be) going to learn a new song next Tuesday?6. _ (be) you going to Beijing tomorrow?7. We _ (not be) going to have lunch at 12:00 tomorrow.8. Where _ you _ (leave) for tomorrow?9. _ Tom _ (have) a P.E. lesson next Monday?10. What _ they _ (watch) in the gym tomorrow?11. What _ they _( do) tomorrow?12. The boy _( not have) an English lesson tomorrow.13. _ you _( learn) Chinese next week?14. I _ ( arrive) there tomorrow.15. Mike _ ( not watch) a movie tomorrow.16. Shirley _ (go)to Canada next mountain.17. It _ (rain) tomorrow, because its windy and cloudy today.18. Nancy is going to _ (play) the piano at the concert.19. We will _ (go) fora picnic tomorrow. We _ (get) ready for it now.20. We are _ (visit) the farm next week三、把下列句子變成-般疑問句，并給出肯定和否定回答。1.The girls will draw pictures. _? Yes,_. No,_.2.My family is going to the park. _? Yes,_. No,_.3.Kate and Jane are going to see a film. _? Yes,_. No,_.4.They will have a party. _? Yes,_. No,_.5.The boys will listen to the music. _? Yes,_. No,_.6.She will play the guitar. _? Yes,_. No,_.7.My friend will go on a trip. _? Yes,_.