古希臘神話英文介紹PPT.ppt

GreekMythology希臘神話,GreekMythologyisagroupoftraditionaltalestoldbytheancientGreeksaboutthedeedsofgods,heroesandtheirrelationswithhumanbeings.希臘神話講了很多古希臘的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他們和普通人類之間的關(guān)系。TheGreekmythologyisanimportantpartoftheancientculturewhichhasvastanddeepinfluenceonthewholewesternculture.希臘神話是古文化重要的一部分，與整個(gè)西方文化有著廣泛而又緊密的聯(lián)系。ItsgreatinfluenceupontheEnglishlanguageandliteratureisbeyonddescription.AgreatnumberofwordsandidiomsintheEnglishlaguagecomefromtheGreekmythology.它在英語(yǔ)和文學(xué)作品方面的巨大影響力是無(wú)法形容的。英語(yǔ)中的很多單詞和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式都是來(lái)自希臘神話。,theoldtheogony:theTians（舊神譜:奧林匹斯十二泰坦）thenewtheogony:theGods（新神譜奧林匹斯十二主神）,Perseus(珀?duì)栃匏?Jason(伊阿宋)Heracles(赫拉克勒斯)Theseus(忒修斯),Medusa(美杜莎)Minotaurus(米諾陶洛斯)Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯),PART1：TheOlympianGodsandotherDeitiesPART2：HeroesPART3：Monsters,PART1：TheOlympianGodsandotherDeities,1、theGods2、otherDeities,TheancientGreeksworshipedmanygods.Greekgodscanbedividedintoseveralgroups.TheearliestgroupwasTitans,ledbyCronus.ThemostpowerfulgroupwastheOlympians.TheOlympiansareagroupofgodswhoruledaftertheoverthrowoftheTitans.AlltheOlympiansarerelatedinsomeway.Theyarenamedaftertheirdwelling（住宅,住所）placeMountOlympus.,古希臘崇拜很多神,古希臘的神被分為幾組,最古老一組的被稱為泰坦,由克羅諾斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。最強(qiáng)大的一組被稱為奧林匹斯山神。奧林匹斯山神由個(gè)神組成，他們顛覆了泰坦時(shí)期的規(guī)律。所有的奧林匹斯山神在某個(gè)方面都有著或多或少的聯(lián)系。他們的名字來(lái)自于他們居住的奧林匹斯山。,theGods（十二主神）,Zeus(宙斯):thegodofthesky.Hera(赫拉):thegoddessofmarriageandchildbirth.Poseidon(波塞冬):thegodofthesea,protector.Hades(哈迪斯):thegodthedeadandwealth.Hestia(赫斯提亞):thegoddessoftheHearth(灶臺(tái)).Ares(阿瑞斯):thegodofwar.Hermes(赫爾墨斯):thegodofthievesandcommerce.Hephaestus(赫斯菲托斯):thegodoffireandtheforge(熔爐).Apollo(阿波羅):thegodoflight.Artemis(阿爾忒彌斯):thegoddessofchastity,virginity,thehunt,themoon,andthenaturalenvironment.Athena(雅典娜):theGreekvirgingoddessofreason,intelligentactivity,artsandliterature.Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德):thegoddessoflove,desireandbeauty.,Kingoftheskyandtheearth.RuleroftheOlympiangods.Hewastheraingod,andthecloudgatherer,whoholdstheterriblethunderbolt.Hisbirdistheeagle,histreeistheoak.,Zeus宙斯,HeismarriedtoHerabut,isfamousforhismanyaffairs.Heisalsoknowntopunishthosethatlieorbreakoaths.,Zeuswifeandsister.Queenofthegods.Goddessofmarriageandchildbirthandtakesspecialcareofmarriedwomen.,Hera赫拉,MoststoriesconcerningHerahavetodowithherjealousrevengeforZeussinfidelities（不忠）.,BrotherofZeus.Godofthesea,Protectorofallwaters.Hisweaponisatrident(三叉戟),Whichcanshaketheearth,andshatterAnyobject.,Poseidon波塞冬,HeissecondonlytoZeusinpoweramongstthegods.,Hewaswidelyworshipedbyseamen.,BrotherofZeus.Godofthedead.Ruleroftheunderworld.Godofwealth,duetothepreciousmetalsminedfromtheearth.,Hades哈迪斯,Hehasahelmetthatmakeshiminvisable.Herarelyleavestheunderworld.,Zeussister.Goddessofthehearth（灶臺(tái)）.Thesymbolofthehousearoundwhichanewbornchildiscarriedbeforeitisreceivedintothefamily.,Hestia赫斯提亞,OfalltheOlympians,sheisthemildest,mostuprightandmostcharitable（仁慈的）.,SonofZeusandHera.Godofwar.Heisconsideredmurderous（行兇的）andbloodstained（血污的）butalsoacoward.Hewasdislikedbybothparents.,Ares阿瑞斯,Ares:Allthatyouhave,isdead!,阿瑞斯：“你所擁有的，只有死亡！”,SonofZeus.Godofcommerce.（商業(yè)）Messengerforalltheothergods.Guideforthedeadtogototheunderworld.,Hermes赫爾墨斯,HewasthecleverestoftheOlympiangods.Heisthefastestofthegods.Hewearswingedsandals,awingedhat,andcarriesamagicwand（棒）.,他是奧林匹斯山上最聰明的神。他是速度最快的神，他腳生雙翼，頭上戴有翅膀的帽子，手里拿著魔杖。,SonofZeusandHera.Godoffire,Hephaestus赫菲斯托斯,Heisthesmithandarmorer(兵器制造者）ofthegods.,Heiskindandpeaceloving.Heistheonlygodtobelame(瘸的,跛的)andphysicallyugly.,However,hemarriedthemostbeautifulgoddess-Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德),SonofZeus.Godofsun.Godofhealingwhotaughtmanmedicine.Godoftruth,whocannotspeakalie.,Apollo阿波羅,Thearcher,farshootingwithasilverbow(弓箭).,Heworeapurplerobe.Heusuallysatinhisbrighteasternpalaceearlyinthemorningandmadereadytostarthisdailyjourneyacrossthesky.,OneofApollosmoreimportantdailytasksistoharnesshischariot（二輪戰(zhàn)車）withfourhorsesanddrivethesunacrossthesky.Duringthedayhedrovehiscarriageofgoldandivory,andbroughtlight,lifeandlovetothegreatworldbelow.Lateintheafternoonhecametotheendofhisjourneyinthefarwesternseaandgotonhisgoldenboattoreturntohiseasternhome.,DaughterofZeus.HertwinbrotherisApollo.Goddessofthehunt,themoon,chastity,virginity,andthenaturalenvironment.Sheistheprotectoroftheyoungwomen.,Artemis阿爾忒彌斯,DaughterofZeus.Goddessofwisdom，victoryandwar.ShesprangfullgrownInarmour（盔甲）fromhisfatherSforeheadthushasnomother.,Athena雅典娜,Sheisthegoddessofthecity,handicrafts,andagriculture.Sheinventedthebridle（韁繩）,thetrumpet,theflute,thepot,theyoke,theship,andthechariot.Sheistheembodiment（化身）ofwisdom,reason,andpurity.,ShewasZeussfavoritechildandwasallowedtousehisweaponsincludinghisthunderbolt.HerfavoritecityisAthens.,Hertreeistheolive.Theowlisherbird.,Sheisfierceandbraveinbattle,butonlywarstodefinedthestateandhomefromoutsideenemies.,Goddessoflove，desireandbeauty.Sherepresentedsex,affection,andtheattractionthatbindspeopletogether.,Aphrodite阿弗洛狄德,Inadditiontohernaturalgifts,shehasamagicalgirdlethatcompels（迫使）anyoneshewishestodesireher.Hertreeismyrtle(桃金娘；愛(ài)神木).Dove(白鴿)isherbird.,Prometheus（普羅米修斯）,Creatorofmankind.人類的創(chuàng)造者M(jìn)ansprotectorandbenefactor.人類的保護(hù)者和拯救者。Heshapedmanoutofmud.他用泥捏成人形，創(chuàng)造了人類。Hestolefireformankind,withtheresultthathewaspunishedformZeus.HewaschainedtoMountCaucasus,andeverymorninganeaglewouldappearedandatehisliver,whichgrowbackatnight.他為人類偷了圣火，所以被宙斯懲罰。他被綁在高加索山，每天早晨都會(huì)有鷹來(lái)吃他的肝臟，肝臟會(huì)在晚上又長(zhǎng)出來(lái)。,PART2：Heroes,GreekheroeswerealmostasimportantasthegodsinGreekmythology.Heroeswerebigger,braver,andmorebeautifulthanordinarymenandwomen.Inmostcasestheirfathersorgrandfathersweregods,buttheirmotherweremortals,sotheywereoftencalleddemigods(half-gods).在希臘神話中，希臘英雄和希臘神同樣重要。英雄們比普通的人類更強(qiáng)大、更勇敢。他們中大部分人的父親或者祖父是神，但他們的母親是普通人，所以他們經(jīng)常也被稱為“半神人”。,Perseus(珀?duì)栃匏?ThesonofZeus.GotthehelpformAthenaandHermes,hekilledtheGorgon(蛇發(fā)女妖)Medusa.HefixedhiseyesonMedusasreflectioninthepolished(光滑的)surfaceofhisshield(盾)andthencutoffherhead.,Jason(伊阿宋),LeaderoftheArgonautsinthequestfortheGoldenFleece(金羊毛).尋找金羊毛時(shí)阿爾戈號(hào)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。,Heracles(赫拉克勒斯),ThelastearthbornsonofZeus.Aheroofextraordinary(非凡的)strengthwhowonimmortalitybyperforming12la