中考英語三大從句—定語從句PPT課件

中考英語語法,新航教育英語教研組,定語從句,第一部分：知識儲備,定語從句的知識儲備,1、主動與被動,2、學(xué)會分析句子成分,3、特殊疑問句,定語從句-,啥叫定語:修飾方式也啥叫從句啥叫定語從句,主謂賓狀-解釋狀語-練習(xí)調(diào)順序解釋定語概念-有名詞的地方就有定語漢語修飾方式統(tǒng)統(tǒng)前置英語修飾方式-形容詞前置，其他統(tǒng)統(tǒng)放名詞后面,定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等來擔(dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例）例：Maryisabeautifulgirl.ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasadrunk.,一個,戴眼鏡的,高個子的,女生,a,tall,girl,withtheglasses,whowearsglasses,第二部分：拆分法,拆分法拆、找、合,一個戴眼鏡的女孩在上課拆：拆成有同一個字的兩個句子。一個女孩在上課，這個女孩戴眼鏡。找：找同一字翻譯句子thegirlishavingclass;thegirlwearsglasses根據(jù)特殊疑問句的知識，在第二句找出特殊疑問詞thegirlwearsglasseswho合：把特殊疑問句緊挨著同一字放上去Thegirlwhowearsglassesishavingclass,拆分法學(xué)定語從句,這個戴眼鏡的學(xué)生在吃飯拆：拆成有兩個同一詞的兩個句子這個學(xué)生在吃飯，這個學(xué)生戴眼鏡Thestudentishavingdinner,thestudentwearsglasses找:thestudentwearsglasses-who合:Thestudentwhowearsglassesishavingdinner我們用我05年買的電腦拆：Weusethecomputer,Iboughtthecomputerin2005.找：Iboughtthecomputerin2005.which合；Weusethecomputerwhich/that/不填I(lǐng)boughtin2005.,我在街上遇到了這個我以前在上海交的朋友我在街上遇到了這個朋友，我以前在上海交朋友Imetthefriendonthestreet.ImadethefriendinShanghai.Who/WhomImadeinShanghai.ImetthefriendwhoImadeinShanghaionthestreet他喜歡這個以前唱流行歌曲的主持人host他喜歡這個主持人，他以前唱流行歌Helikesthehost.Thehostsangpopsongs.Helikesthehostwhosangpopsongs.,對物的定語從句,提高練習(xí)：請寫全下列從句的連接詞他們享受了你們給的禮物Theyenjoyedthegiftswhichyougave.Theyenjoyedthegiftsthatyougave.Theyenjoyedthegiftsyougave.(不填)分析:對物，賓格情況下，有三種連詞which/that/不填湯姆收到了一份從倫敦郵寄來的卡片sendTomreceivedacard.ThecardwassentinLondon.Tomreceivedacardwhich/thatwassentinLondon.,對狀語的拆分,例:我們參觀了魯迅曾經(jīng)居住過的房子.拆：Wevisitedthehouse.Luxunlivedinthehouse.找：Luxunlivedinthehousewhere合:WevisitedthehousewhereLuxunlived.難點(diǎn):學(xué)習(xí)判斷地點(diǎn)時，到底是賓語還是狀語。賓語成分用which;地點(diǎn)狀語成分用where.例:我們待在據(jù)說是魯班建造的房子里拆:westayinthehouse.ItissaidthatLubanbuiltthehouse.找:ItissaidthatLubanbuiltthehouse.which合:WestayinthehousewhichitissaidthatLubanbuilt.,關(guān)系代詞的用法,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：,何時可以省略？,做賓語時可以省略,Whose的用法,例：我喜歡去有悠久歷史的地方拆：Iliketovisitaplace.Theplaceshistoryislong.概念顛覆：Hisbookwhosebook.TomsbookwhosebookTheplaceshistorywhosehistory找：Theplaceshistoryislong.whose合:Iliketovisitaplacewhosehistoryislong.例：DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.例：Passmethedictionaryofwhichcoverisblack.總結(jié)：whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句,whose在從句中作定語,修飾表示人或物的先行詞.對物可用whose,ofwhich兩種,第三部分：介詞問題,1)Thisisthehero(whom/that/who/不填)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.,2)Sheisthegirlwhom/that/who/不填I(lǐng)wentwiththere.SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.,注意:固定動介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat,關(guān)系代詞與介詞介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時,介詞賓語只能用which代物,和whom代人。(介詞在末尾時,關(guān)系詞可以省略),第四部分：that問題,有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which,定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)（一）,從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時,只能用that引導(dǎo)從句.Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.,2.先行詞是all,something,nothing,anything不定代詞時,只能用that.Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.Notallthatglittersisgold.,先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用that引出從句Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.,先行詞是oneof,theone,或用much,little,few,no,any作修飾，用thatIsittheonethatyouwant?Wehaventgotmuchthatyoucanofferus.,當(dāng)主句已有疑問詞who或which時，關(guān)系詞用thatWhichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?,who、that在許多情況下可以通用，但有時宜用who,而不用that,定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)（二）,先行詞是one(s),anyone,someone,those時，關(guān)系詞使用who。ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.在therebe句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.,不能用that的情況,1、非限制性定語從句不用that2、介詞前置時不用that3、關(guān)系副詞不用that,第五部分：關(guān)系副詞,附加部分關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有多重作用。在從句中代替先行詞。在從句中作狀語。連接作用,關(guān)系副詞有三種：where:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,指代地點(diǎn).when:在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。why:在從句中作原因狀語,指代原因。,關(guān)系副詞的用法：1.where的用法：(先行詞應(yīng)是地點(diǎn)名詞）Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayed,atthehotel.,Westayed,where.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,從句,=Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.,時間狀語when,例:我總是記得我們相遇的那一天拆：我總是記得那一天。我們相遇在那一天。Ialwaysremembertheday.Wemetontheday.找：onthedaywhen合:Ialwaysrememberthedaywhenwemet.,原因狀語why固定句型thereasonwhy,例：這就是你總是遲到的原因。Thisisthereasonwhyyouarelate.例：這就是我邀請你參加晚會的原因。ThisisthereasonwhyIinviteyoutotakepartintheparty.,第六部分：中考真題,1Friendsarethosemakeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who2ItsquitecommoninBritaintosay“Thankyou”tothedriversforpeoplegetoffthebus.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.where3-Barbara,wheredoyouwork?-Iworkforacompanysellscars.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who4-DoyouknowHongZhanhui?-Yes.HesthecollegestudenthasmovedChinesepeople.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom,5Jamieisayoungcookwantstoimproveschooldinners.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which6-Doyouknowthegirlinredis?-Imnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what7Paulsuncleisthemantaughtusmathlastyear.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.when8ThewholeworldisfightingagainsttheH1N1,adiseasehascausedmanydeaths.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what,9Isthatthemanhelpedusalotaftertheearthquake.A.whoseB.whichC.whenD.who10-ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isntit?-Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschoolsthosechildrencanstudyhappily.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what11ThepandaisakindofanimalcanbefoundonlyinChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.where12_havefinishedtheworkcanleave.A.ThosewhoB.AnyoneC.TheonewhoD.which,13IlikethemusicIcandanceto.A.thatB.whoseC.whenD.how14-Isthegirlisinterviewingthemanagerofthatcompanyyourfriend?-Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose15Iliketovisitaplacehistoryislong.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.who16ThenumberofpeoplelosttheirlivesinIndonesianearthquakereachedasmanyas6200.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose,17arobotisamachinecandosomedifficultworkinsteadofman.A.whoB./C.thatD.what18-Excuseme,canIhaveatalkwithyourmanager?-Yes?Iamjustthemanyouarelookingfor.A.whoseB.whatC.whoD.which19Rosalikesmusicisquietandgentle.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.who20Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what,21Imafootballfan.Iminterestedineverythingisaboutthe2006WorldCup.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.when22Myparentsusuallybuymesomesimpleclothescanlastalongtime.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose23-DoyouliketheredcarismadeinTianjin?-Sure,itlooksterrific.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.when,1.D.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞之人且在從句中作主語是，關(guān)系代詞用who.2.A.考點(diǎn)分析:people是定語從句的先行詞，指人，且在定語從句中作主語，故關(guān)系代詞用who.3.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是acompany,所以關(guān)系代詞用which.4.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是thecollegestudent大學(xué)生，是指人，且在從句中作主語，故選擇who.5.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是Jamie,是人，且在從句中作主語。6.D.考點(diǎn)分析:由答語teacher得知，是詢問職業(yè)，故用what.7.C.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞為theman,且在從句中作主語，故用who.8.B.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是adisease,指物，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用which或that.9.D.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是theman,且在從句中作主語，故用who.10.