冠詞.ppt整理版本

冠詞,一:不定冠詞a/an的慣用法,1.當(dāng)緊挨著冠詞的第一個(gè)音素是輔音音素時(shí)，用a.當(dāng)緊挨著冠詞的第一個(gè)音素是元音音素時(shí)，用an.e.g.aunvesity;ausefultool;aone-eyedmonkey;anuncle;anX-ray;an18-year-oldboy;anhour2.表示thesame;one;acertain或every的意思。e.g.Thetwoboysareofanage.(thesameage)Iearn10dollarsanhour.(everyhour)AMr.Smithiswaitingforyou.(acertain),3.用于某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞前,表示“一種、一類、一份、一場、一陣”.e.gThatisagreentea.Theywerecaughtinaheavyrain.apleasure/asuccess/afailure4.amost+n“很，非?！盜tisamostinterestingbook.5.a+序數(shù)詞“又一，再一”Youcantryitasecondtimeifyoufail.6.世界上獨(dú)一無二的東西前有修飾語時(shí)。Wehopewecanseeafullmoontonight.Wewanttoliveinapeacefulworld.,7.Hehasaknowledgeofchemistry.Herbookisacollectionofshortstories.Weshouldhaveabetterunderstandingofthiscase.8.與不定冠詞連用的習(xí)語。haveacold/look/rest/seat/swim/break/fever;haveagoodtime/trip;haveawordwith;keepadiary;inahurry;ataloss;dosb.afavour;goforawalk;doagooddeed;asamatteroffact;onceinawhile,9.不定冠詞的特殊位置。quiet/rather+a/an+adj+n.(單數(shù))what/such/half+a/an+n.(單數(shù))rather/so/too/how/as+adj+a/an+n.(單數(shù))manya/an+n.(單數(shù))=許多quietakindmansuchabeautifulgirlHeisasgreatamanasotherleaders.Whatacleverboyheis!=Howcleveraboyis!,二、定冠詞的主要用法,1.表示特指和第二次提到的人或物。Ifindamaninthestreet;themansaidhegotanewjob.2.表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。theearth;themoon;theGreatWall3.用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前，表示該夫婦倆或全家人。theGreenstheChens4.用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級前面。thefirstthesecond5.用在表單位的名詞前。Ihavehiredacarbythehour.(按小時(shí))Eggsaresoldbythedozen.(按每12個(gè))6.用在江河湖海、山脈、群島、海峽、沙漠等地理名詞前theWestLake;theYellowRiver;theRedSea,7.用在年代，朝代和逢十的數(shù)詞（表某個(gè)年代）前theTangDynasty;inthe1990s8.用在形容詞或過去分詞前表示一類人或事物。thepoor;therich;theyoung9.用在表示國家和民族的形容詞前表示泛指該國的人民。theChinese;theEnglish10.西洋樂器前加定冠詞。thepiano;theviolin11.在句型“動詞人介詞the身體某一部份”中the不可以用人稱代詞代替take/catch/seizesb.bythearm/hand(抓住某人手臂)hit/heface(打某人的臉)/ontheback12.固定搭配。onthecontrary;atthesametime;ontheotherhand;onthewhole;theotherday,三:零冠詞的幾種情況:1.不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)名詞前表泛指Horesareusefulanimals.2.季節(jié)、節(jié)日、星期、三餐等之前，一般不加冠詞。（除了特指的季節(jié)等）onSunday;havelunch;inthespringof20093.球類、棋類、學(xué)科等名稱前，一般不加冠詞。playfootball;playchess4.稱呼、頭銜、職務(wù)等表示抽象性質(zhì)的名詞前，不加冠詞。Doctor,Iamnotfeelingwell.5.中國樂器前不加冠詞。playerhu;playpiba6.在與by連用交通工具名稱前不加冠詞。bycar;bytrain,7.在turn，go（變成、成為）變成后面的名詞前不加冠詞。但become后面的名詞前一定要加冠詞。Hisdreamofturninggreatleadercametrue.8.純不可數(shù)名詞weath;fun;space;advice;progress;information;news9.as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句句型中的單數(shù)名詞前.零冠詞單數(shù)名詞as/though+主謂主句（雖然.但是）e.g.Heroasheis,heisstillmodest.Childassheis,sheknowsalot.10.固定搭配。indebt，ingood(bad)health，ingoodcondition，inhonourof，introubleinfavourof，ingeneral，in(outof)order，onbusinessonholiday，onfire，frommorningtillnight，,onchristmasdayonnewyearsdayonwomensdaythemid-autumnfestivalthespringfestivalthedragonboatfestivalthelanternfestival11.Pleasewriteinpen/pencil/ink/red/blackpleasewritewithapen/pencil,四、特殊情況1.the+序數(shù)詞（第）thesecondchancea+序數(shù)詞(又一，再一）asecondchance2.the+獨(dú)一無二的名詞themoon;theeartha+獨(dú)一無二的名詞afullmoon;3.the+最高級（三者或以上中最)a+最高級（無比較之意，表非常）Heisthemostdeligentstudentsintheclass.Itisamostusefulbook.,4.部分詞組中有冠詞和沒有冠詞其含義不同。一般說來，名詞前無冠詞，則表示抽象意義；名詞前有冠詞，則表示具體意義。outofproblem不成問題takeplace發(fā)生outoftheproblem不可能taketheplaceof代替inhospital，attableinf