高中英語完形填空解題技巧精華版

宜昌大禹新教育2016年秋季高中課程 高中英語完形填空解題技巧指導課前先問自己以下幾個問題吧：完形填空試題的主要特點是什么？我們做完形填空時主要的失分原因是什么？完形填空的正確解題步驟是什么？四個解題小技巧：一、詞語同現(xiàn)一個語篇往往會圍繞著某一主題或話題, 與此相關的詞就可能會共同出現(xiàn), 以實現(xiàn)語篇銜接。如2011年廣東高考完形填空的短文, 是圍繞把優(yōu)生從普通班里分離出去會帶來嚴重問題這一主題展開的, 涉及這一主題的可能有“普通班” “特殊班” “優(yōu)生” “普通生”, 以及“學?！?“老師” “學習”等等, 因此, special, gifted, intelligent, top, regular, average, school, classes, teachers, children, learning這些相互關聯(lián)的詞語就很可能會同時出現(xiàn)在語篇之中。了解詞語同現(xiàn), 對正確解答完形填空題很有幫助。請運用詞語同現(xiàn)的技巧, 解答以下高考真題, 并說明正確選項與哪些詞同現(xiàn)。1. (2010廣東)You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to the building. A. enter B. leave C. open D. close2. (2010廣東)The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, students who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on .A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier3.(2004江蘇)On days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.A. sunnyB. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy二、詞語復現(xiàn)詞語復現(xiàn)可分為原詞復現(xiàn)、同源詞復現(xiàn)(又叫同根詞復現(xiàn))、同義或近義詞復現(xiàn)(包括與近義詞的同根詞復現(xiàn), 如ill與sickness)、上下義詞復現(xiàn)(即總括與分述, 如animal 是sheep, tiger, wolf等的上義詞; rose 是flower 的下義詞)等。 了解詞語復現(xiàn)這種銜接手段, 有助于快速準確地解答完形填空題。請運用詞語復現(xiàn)的技巧, 解答以下高考真題, 并指出正確選項與哪個詞是何種類別的復現(xiàn)。1. (2011廣東)Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However, this is more often from parents and teachers than from students. A. concernB. conclusion C. reflectionD. interest2. (2010全國) isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.A. AdventureB. BeautyC. TrustD. Life3. (2010陜西)I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat, and he smiled at me, I watched for a while. But nothing happened. Disappointedly, I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of , ” I thought.A. words B. effort C. space D. money三、邏輯推理根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系來推斷正確答案, 邏輯關系包括因果關系、對比關系、并列關系、轉(zhuǎn)折關系、讓步關系、遞進關系、條件與結(jié)果的關系等。從五年來的高考完形填空題來看, 最多的是利用因果關系來推斷正確答案。請運用邏輯推斷, 解答以下試題, 并指出正確選項是根據(jù)什么邏輯關系推斷出來的。1. (2011廣東) Many are concerned that gifted children become and lose interest in learning. A. doubtedB. boredC. worriedD. tired2. (2009重慶)After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though _, he still went to the cinema. A. Excited B. hurt C. late D. tired 3. We must help people to find houses outside the city, but equally, we must remember that some city people want to _ where they are. A. Find B. hide C. remain D. leave四、前后搭配主要指動詞與介詞的搭配、動賓搭配及句式搭配等。高考完形填空中主要考查動賓搭配。能不能搭配, 除了要熟練記憶掌握詞語的用法外, 還需結(jié)合常識來判斷。1. (2010全國I) The nurse had him take a _ in the waiting area, telling him it would be at least 40 minutes before someone would be able to see him .A. breath B. test C. seat D. break 2.The city (Washington) was named_George Washington, the first president of the United States.A. by B. for C. as D. after3.(2010江蘇卷) My father _ me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is A.rushed B.sentC.carried D.introduced完形填空基本解題步驟通讀全文，統(tǒng)攬全局首句主題逐句分析，確定選項比較選項通盤理解，上下一致作者思想復讀全文，核對答案第一感覺溫馨提示所有的方法或技巧都是一種輔助作用, 都必須建立在扎實的語言基礎之上。如果詞匯、語法不過關, 句子理不順,篇章意義不理解, 任何方法或技巧都將無濟于事。實戰(zhàn)演練In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things come to represent, in fact, what I call _21_and love.I dont remember my father ever getting into a swimming tool. But he did _22_the water. Any kind of _23_ride seemed to give him pleasure. _24_he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along.But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being _25_the water, moving through it, _26_it all around me. I was not a strong _27_, or one who learned to swim early, for I had my _28_. But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my fathers office and _29_those summer days with my father, who _30_ come by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there in his suit, the _31_person not in swimsuit.After swimming, I would go _32_ his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me _33_anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk _34_ he worked in the lab, an assistant or a student might come in and tell me perhaps I shouldnt be playing with his _35_. But my father always _36_and said easily, “Oh, no, its _37_.” Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to get _38_ an ice creamA poet once said, “We look at life once, in childhood; the rest is _39_.” And I think it is not only what we “l(fā)ook at once, in childhood” that determines(決定)our memories, but _40_, in that childhood, look at us.21A. desire B. joy C. anger D. worry22A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love23A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike24A. But B. Then C. And D. Still25A. on B. off C. by D. in26A. havingB. leaving C. making D. getting27A. swimmer B. rider C. walker D. runner28A. hopes B. faiths C. rights D. fears29A. spending B. saving C. wasting D. ruining30A. should B. would C. had to D. ought to31A. next B. only C. other D. last32A. away from B. out of C. by D. inside33A. put up B. break down C. play with D. work out34A. the moment B. the first time C. while D. before35A. fishing net B. office things C. wooden chair D. lab equipment36A. stood up B. set out C. showed up D.