初中英語賓語從句課件

語法專項復習 ObjectClause賓語從句 一 賓語從句的概念 賓語從句即句子作賓語 而不再是一個詞或短語作賓語 Ilikemyteacher 名詞作賓語 Iknowhim 代詞作賓語 IknowMrLiteachesEnglish 句子作賓語 包含賓語從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu) 主句 連接詞 引導詞 賓語從句 二 賓語從句三要素 連接詞 時態(tài) 語序 一 連接詞 1 that2 whether if3 連接代詞whowhomwhosewhatwhich4 連接副詞whenwhywherehow 由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句 注 that在句中無詞匯意義 在從句中不能充當成分 在口語當中往往省略 e g Ihear that 一小時后他會回來 Hesaid that 他非常想念我們 Theteachertoldus that 地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn) hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmovesaroundthesun 注意 當從句是客觀真理的時候 無論主句什么時態(tài) 從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時 由從屬連詞whether if引導的賓語從句 e g 1 Askhim 他是否能來 2 Idon tknow 是否要下雨 whether if hecancome whetheritisgoingtorainornot 當句末為ornot時 引導詞只能用whether而不能用if If與whether的區(qū)別 Idon tknow hewillcomeornot Idon tcareof heishandsome Hewondered tostayherethenextweek hewillcomeisnotdecided 與ornot連用只能用whether 介詞后只能用whether 與todo不定式連用只能用whether 作主語只能用whether 由連接代詞what whom whose which what及連接副詞when where how why引導的賓語從句 whenwe llhaveameeting whereheis howIcangettothestation whythetrainislate whocouldanswerthequestion whomtheyarewaitingfor 二 語序 陳述句語序 即 陳述句結(jié)構(gòu) 主 謂 其他成分 將下列句子換成陳述句語序1 Isthereabanknearhere 2 Aretheydoinghomework 三 時態(tài) 時態(tài)一致性 1 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時 賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定 可以是 時態(tài) Idon tthink that youareright Pleasetelluswherewe llgofishingtomorrow DoyouknowwhenMr Smithmovedhere 任何 2 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時 賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的 時態(tài) 一般過去時 過去進行時 過去將來時 過去完成時 例如 HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992 HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU S soon 過去 3 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理 即使主句用了過去時 從句仍用 時態(tài) 例如 Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun 一般現(xiàn)在 三 賓語從句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換 一 當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同 且主句的謂語動詞是hope wish decide agree choose等時 從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu) eg 1 IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure mail Ihopetoreceiveyoure mail 二 當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同 且主句的謂語動詞是know remember forget learn等時 從句可簡化為 疑問詞 不定式 結(jié)構(gòu) eg 2 Shedoesn tknowwhatsheshoulddonext Shedoesn tknow 三 當主句的謂語動詞是ask tell show teach等時 從句可簡化為 疑問詞 不定式 結(jié)構(gòu) eg 3 WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout Willyoupleaseshowme 四 當直接引語為祈使句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時 用ask tell orderSb not todosth結(jié)構(gòu) eg 4 A Pleasebequiet B WhatdidBillsay A Heaskedustobequiet whattodonext howtoworkitout 四 否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語從句的主從復合句中 當主句的主語為第一人稱 謂語動詞是think believe guess suppose等時 要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中 即主句的謂語動詞用否定式 賓語從句的謂語動詞用肯定式 eg 5 Idon tthinkhewillcomewithyou 注意 這種句子在其后接附加問句時 要特別小心 eg 6 Idon tbelievehehasfinishedthework 7 HeknewwhyJimwasn tatschool 解析 例6 當主句的主語為第一人稱時 附加問句的主語由賓語從句的主語充當 例7 如果主句的主語非第一人稱時 則附加問句的主語由主句的主語充當 hashe didn the Doyouknow A wheredoessheliveB sheliveswhereC whereshelivesD whereshelive2 Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe atthattime A isdoingB wasdoingC hasdoneD willdo C B 鞏固練習 I 從下列A B C D中選擇一個正確選項填空 4 Lily smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour butcouldnotfind whatLilywasB whatwasLilyC whereLilywasD wherewasLily C 3 Wedon tknow ItissaidthathewasborninCanada whatheisB whenhewasbornC wherehecomesfromD ifheliveshere C 5Thegirlsaskedifthey somefoodanddrinkwiththem A tookB takeC takesD willtake 6Lindasaidthemoon roundtheearth A travelledB hastravelledC travelsD hadtravelled A C 7 Couldyoupleasetellme hewillcomeheretomorrow A ifB weatherC whatD which A 8 Couldyoutellme A whenwilltheyleaveBeijing B whenwouldtheyleaveBeijing C whentheywillleaveBeijing D whendidtheyleaveBeijing C II 改錯 1 MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool 2 Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast 3 Hedoesn tknowthatwhenshecancomeback Hedoesn tknowwhenshecancomeback Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go Tomsaysthatthey play basketballatsixo clockyesterdayevening Ihearhe return italready Hesaidthatthey membersofthePartysince1948 be Heaskedwhatthey ateightlastnight do Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight fasterthansound travel Ithinkyou abouttherelayracenow talk Ididn tknowwhomtheletters from be willbe goes wereplaying hasreturned hadbeen travels aretalking were weredoing 10 Ididn tknowwhattimehe theletter write 11 MissWangtoldmethattheearth move roundtheearth 12 Couldyoutellmewho awaythebookalready take 13 LingFengtoldmehe toseveraltimes be 14 Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun intheeast rise 15 Canyoutellmewhatthey yesterday do wrote moves hastaken hasbeen rises did 將下列句子合并為一句 1 Wheredotheystopontheway Iasked 2 Whatwillyousayatthemeeting Couldyoutellme 3 Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus Heasked 4 Iamdoingmyhomework Hesaid 5 Iwillcomeback Tomsaid Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback 6 Ishedoinghishomework Jimasked 7 Whenwillhecomeback Tomasked 8 HowcanIgettothestation Couldyoutellme 9 Whyisthetrainlate Wouldyoutellme 10 WhereisTom Theyasked Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate T