《非謂語復(fù)習(xí)》PPT課件.ppt

非謂語動詞 連平縣附城中學(xué)黃引騰 非謂語 不定式 todo 分詞 動名詞 ing 過去分詞 ed 現(xiàn)在分詞 ing ing分詞 ed分詞 顧名思義 非謂語動詞就是在英語中不能作句子謂語而具有其他語法功能的動詞 在語法填空 完形填空和學(xué)作中一定要分清謂語動詞和非謂語動詞 在同一個位置上通常不能有兩個或兩個以上的謂語動詞 一 非謂語動詞和謂語動詞的識別 1 Ihavesomething say tosay 2 Chinaisa develope country developing 3 Hewasthenateacher respect byallhisstudents respected 4 Theboy pick upthebookand give ittothegilr cry onthefround picked gave crying 5 climb tothetopofthemountain take usalotoftime Toclimb took 6 When drive towork he have anaccident driving had 1 Smokingisprohibited 禁止 here 2 Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch 3 Collectinginformationisveryimportanttobusinessmen 4 Drivingacarduringtherushhouristiring 二 考查非謂語動詞作主語 能作主語的非謂語動詞有不定式和動名詞 二者的區(qū)別是 動名詞作主語時通常位于句首 不定式作主語時常置于句末 用it作形式主語放在句首 表示某一具體的動作時 多用不定式 表示比較抽象的一般行為傾向的 多用動名詞 1 Tomakeaplanfirstisagoodidea Itisagoodideatomakeaplanfirst Ittakesthreehourstowalkthere Howrelaxingitistobatheinthesunonthesand Tip1 在感嘆句中常常把todo用it替代放在句首 2 Towalktheretakesthreehours Toworkwiththemisapleasure Tobatheinthesunonthesandisrelaxing Whatapleasureitistoworkwiththem 把下列句子改為感嘆句 2 動名詞或不定式都可以在句中作主語 但在下列句型中常用動名詞作主語 Itis was nouse good notanyuse good oflittleuse good useless doingsth Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk Itisoflittlegoodstayinguptoolateeveryday 若主語和表語都是非謂語動詞 應(yīng)保持形式上的一致 Seeingisbelieving Toseeistobelieve 如want wish hope manage demand promise refuse pretend plan offer decide agree expect等 三 考查非謂語動詞作賓語 tosound Idon twant sound likeI mspeakingillofanybody butthemanager splanisunfair Theypromise come buttheydidn tappear tocome Theyleftthefactory withthemachine run allnight running Hetoldusweshouldpractise speak Englishasoftenaspossible speaking 不定式和動名詞都可作動詞或介詞的賓語 1 有些動詞后只跟不定式作賓語 1 Ican tstand work withJaneinthesameoffice Shejustrefuses stop talkingwhilesheworks 2 Hegotwell preparedforthejobinterview forhecouldn trisk lose thegoodopportunity working tostop losing 如 admit appreciate avoid consider delay dislike enjoy escape excuse finish forgive imagine keep mind miss practise resist risk suggest deny 2 有些動詞后只跟動名詞作賓語 4 既可接不定式又可接動名詞作賓語 但不定式用被動式的形式 動名詞用主動式的形式 句子的意思沒有差別 但句子得主語一般是一表物的名詞或代詞 Yourwatchneeds repair 2 Thewindowsneed paint again repairing toberepaired painting tobepainted 這類動詞主要有 want need require 1 Walkingalongtheriver weheardsomeone shout forhelp 2 Whenshereturnedhome shefoundthewindowopenandsomething steal 3 Myteachertoldmenot be socareless tobe stolen shouting 四 考查非謂語動詞作賓補 ed ing和todo都可以做賓補 但表達的意思有所不同 ing的邏輯主語是賓語本身 和賓語為主動關(guān)系 主動進行 ed的邏輯主語也是賓語 但和賓語為動賓關(guān)系 被動 完成 todo和賓語有時是主動關(guān)系 有時是動賓關(guān)系 將來 不定式和分詞作賓語補足語表達的意義不同 1 Iheardher sing anEnglishsongjustnow 2 Iheardher sing anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday 3 IheardtheEnglishsong sing manytimes 4 Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometown change somuch sing singing sung 接過去分詞時 表被動或完成 changed 接不定式時 表示動作發(fā)生的全過程 接現(xiàn)在分詞時 表示動作正在發(fā)生或進行 或正要做分詞表示的動作 1 Childrenshouldbeallowed make theirowndecisions tomake 2 Myadvisorencouragedme take asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills totake 3 Pauldoesn thavetobemade Healwaysworkshard tolearn 4 Thebossmadetheworkers work 13hoursaday work 使役動詞 感官動詞能接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語 常見的使役動詞有make let have等 感官動詞有see hear watch observe notice feel以及l(fā)ookat listento等 注意 在以上動詞用于被動語態(tài)時 要還原to 使役動詞 感官動詞 O C todo 3 Pleasetellthechildren play outsidenottomakesomuchnoise 不定式 動名詞和分詞都可以作定語 主要區(qū)別在于它們的時態(tài)意義和語態(tài)意義 五 考查非謂語動詞作定語 1 Theirdecision give uptheexperimentsurprisedus 2 Hewasthelastone leave schoolyesterday togive toleave playing 4 Theylivedinaroom face thesouth facing 5 bark dogsseldombite Barking 6 Someoftheexperiments describe inthebookareeasytoperform described 7 Therehavebeenseveralnewevents add totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames added 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語和被修飾的名詞具有 主謂關(guān)系 過去分詞作定語和被修飾的名詞是動賓關(guān)系 不定式表示在謂語動詞表示的動作之后即將發(fā)生的動作 能作狀語的有不定式 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞 作什么樣的狀語往往取決于它們的位置和在句中的意義 六 考查非謂語動詞作狀語 1 Hehurriedhomeonly find hismoneystolen tofind 2 Allofusaresurprised see hisrapidprogress tosee 3 give achance Icansurprisetheworld Given 4 come intotheroom hefoundhisfatherangry Coming 5 Heputafingerinhismouth tasteditandsmiled look ratherpleased looking 分詞作狀語時的邏輯主語問題 分詞作狀語時 其邏輯主語必須同句子的主語一致 現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語往往表示 正常出現(xiàn)的 自然而然的或意料之中 的結(jié)果 不定式作結(jié)果狀語時通常表示 偶然的 出乎意料的 一種結(jié)果 ing做狀語時和邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系 ed做狀語時和邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系 七 考查非謂語動詞作表語 能作表語的有不定式 動名詞和分詞 1 Tomsoundsverymuch interest inthejob butI mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit interested 2 Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesis make lifeeasier tomake 一般來說 不定式作表語都表示該動作發(fā)生在將來 故在表示 目的 愿望 夢想 需求 等名詞作主語時其表語應(yīng)該用不定式 動名詞做表語 說明主語的性質(zhì)或情況 3 Ourworkis serve thepeople serving 4 Weare amaze atthenewsthatthesingersuicided amazed ing和 ed做表語的區(qū)別 ing表示令人 ed表示感到 動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語 其邏輯主語用賓格或所有格均可 動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語 其邏輯主語用所有格 八 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 1 LiPing s My help hermovedherdeeply helping 2 Iappreciateyour you LiPing s LiPing come toseeme coming 3 Isthereanyhopeofourteam win thematch 4 Whatmademeangrywasthatmanystudents fail intheexam 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞 名詞所有格或普通格加動名詞構(gòu)成 winning failing 1 When heat waterwillbechangedintovapour While heat water wecanchangeitintovapour 2 see fromthehill thecitylooksbeautiful see fromthehill youwillfindthecitybeautiful 3 Generallyspeaking when take accordingtothedirections thedrughasnosideeffect 4 If take thedrugaccordingtothedirections youwillbebettersoon heated heating Seen Seeing taken taking 1 Thequestion discuss atthemeetingyesterdayisofquiteimportance smelling discussed 2 Theyshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow you vehadit explain oftenenough explained 3 Therearehundredsofvisitors wait infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh spaintings waiting 4 Thedisc digitally record inthestudio soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight recorded 5 ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV therearepictures form inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes forming 6 Theflowers smell sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature 7 Ashewasanorphan thenurse tr