九年級英語全冊 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands詞句精講精練 （新版）人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

Unit 10 Youre supposed to shake hands.詞句精講精練【詞匯精講】1. bow(1) bow作名詞，意為“弓，弓形物”。例如：He raised his bow slowly and let the arrow fly. 他慢慢地舉起弓，讓箭飛出去。The boy made a deep bow to the teacher and ran away. 那個孩子向老師深深地鞠了一個躬然后跑掉了。(2) bow作動詞，意為“鞠躬，低下頭”。例如：He bowed his head in shame. 他慚愧地低下頭來。 She bowed her thanks. 她鞠躬致謝。 Age had bowed his once straight back. 他年事已高,過去挺直的腰板彎了。 2. relaxrelax是動詞，可以作不及物動詞或及物動詞，作及物動詞時，賓語是人，表示“使某人放松；使某人休息；使某人輕松”。例如：Now I want to rest and relax. （作不及物動詞）現(xiàn)在我得休息一下，放松放松。I need a cup of tea to relax myself. （作及物動詞）我需要喝杯茶使自己輕松一下。【拓展】relaxed；relaxing(1) relaxed是形容詞，意為“某人感到輕松、放松、不受拘束的”。指某人“感到”輕松。通常用來形容人。有類似用法的詞有interestedexcitedsurprisedboredtired。例如：He is feeling relaxed. = He is relaxed. 他感到很輕松。 The song can make me relaxed. 這首歌讓我感到輕松。(2) relaxing是形容詞，意為“某事情令人輕松的”，指某事或者某物“令人”輕松。通常用來修飾物或事。有類似用法的詞有interestingexcitingsurprisingboringtiring。例如：The song is relaxing. 這首歌真使人輕松。 You can listen to relaxing music in the bath! 你可以邊洗澡邊聽（令人）輕松的音樂。3. effort (1) effort作名詞，基本含意為“力氣；努力”，作此解時只用作單數(shù)形式；effort還可以引申表示“努力；奮斗”，作此解時是可數(shù)名詞；effort還可表示“作品；成就”，為可數(shù)名詞。例如：It doesnt need much effort. 那不需要太多的努力。A great deal of effort has gone into this exhibition. 為了這次展覽投入了很大力量。His efforts were wasted. 他的努力都白費了。Finishing the work in one day was a very good effort. 在一天內(nèi)完成這項工作是努力的結(jié)果。（2）effort 常用于以下短語make efforts/ make an effort/ make every effort中，意為“做出努力”，后面常接動詞不定式，表示“努力做某事”。例如： The workers are making efforts to fulfill this years plan. 工人們正在努力完成今年的生產(chǎn)計劃。The prisoner made an effort to escape, but he couldnt climb the prison wall.囚犯企圖越獄，但是爬不上監(jiān)獄的墻。I will make every effort to arrive on time. 我將盡一切努力準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)。4. knock （1）knock 作動詞，意為“敲，擊打”。其后通常跟介詞on或at，然后接賓語。例如： Someone is knocking at/ on the door. 有人敲門。 She knocked at / on the window. 她敲了敲窗戶。（2）knock 作名詞，意為“敲擊聲，敲擊”。例如： I heard a knock at the door. 我聽到了敲門聲。5. take off（1）take off可作“脫下”講，反義詞組為put on，意為“穿上”。例如： Put on your clothes. Dont take them off. 把衣服穿上，別脫下。 （2）take off可作“起飛”講，反義詞為land，意為“著陸”。例如： When will the plane take off? 飛機(jī)什么時候起飛？ 【拓展】常見的含有take的詞組： take turns輪流 take away拿走 take out拿出，取出 take over接手，接管 take notes 做筆記 take care當(dāng)心，注意 take care of 照顧 take photos 照相 take it easy別緊張6. manner（1）作名詞，表示“做事的方法, 事情發(fā)生的方式”。例如：Why are you talking in such a strange manner? 你為什么用這種奇怪的方式談話？（2）作名詞，表示“態(tài)度, 舉止”。例如：His manner was slightly rude, but you mustnt mind. 他的態(tài)度有點粗魯，但是你千萬別介意。（3）作名詞，表示“禮貌, 禮節(jié)”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Its bad manners to talk with a full mouth. 嘴里吃著東西說話是不禮貌的。You should have good manners all the time. 任何時候都應(yīng)該有禮貌。（4）作名詞，表示“風(fēng)俗, 習(xí)俗”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： It is interesting to learn the manners and customs of other countries. 了解其他國家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣是很有趣的。7. exchange（1）作動詞，意為“交換”，引申可表示“交流”經(jīng)驗、思想等。例如：The two girls always exchanged Christmas gifts.兩個女孩經(jīng)常交換圣誕禮物。The two armies exchanged prisoners.作戰(zhàn)雙方交換戰(zhàn)俘。We shall have opportunity to exchange views tomorrow.我們明天有機(jī)會交換看法。They exchanged experiences at the meeting.他們在會上交流經(jīng)驗。（2）exchange作及物動詞時，其賓語后常接介詞for，表示“以換取”；接介詞with表示“與某人交換(某物)/與某人交流（想法等）”。例如：Id like to exchange a watch for a camera.我想用表換相機(jī)。Would you like to exchange places with me? 你愿意跟我換一下地方嗎? He likes to exchange ideas with others.他喜歡與別人交流思想?！就卣埂浚?）exchange作名詞，意為“交換”。例如： There have been numerous exchanges of views between the two governments.兩國政府間曾多次交換意見。（2）exchange作名詞，意為“兌換，兌換率”。例如：Id like to know the exchange rate for German marks. 我想知道德國馬克的兌換率。（3）exchange作名詞，意為“交易所”。例如：She works at the Stock Exchange. 她在證券交易所工作。8. behave （1）作動詞，意為“表現(xiàn)，行為舉止”。 例如：The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.那位年輕女士面對危險表現(xiàn)得十分勇敢。She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother. 她像朋友一樣（待我）, 而不像是我的母親.Its hard to train children to behave well at the table. 培養(yǎng)兒童用餐時舉止得體是很困難的。（2）作動詞，意為“（機(jī)器等）開動，運轉(zhuǎn)”。例如：How is the new machine behaving?新機(jī)器運行地怎么樣?【拓展】（1）behavior作名詞，意為“行為，舉止；態(tài)度”。例如： He was on his best behavior. 他表現(xiàn)極好。（2）behavior作名詞，意為“（機(jī)器等的）運轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)，性能”。例如：The aircrafts behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight. 那架飛機(jī)在第一次試飛時運轉(zhuǎn)情況令人滿意。9. except except作介詞，意為“除之外”，其后跟名詞、代詞、介詞短語、that從句或what從句。例如： I go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday. 除了周六和周日，我每天都上學(xué)。【拓展】except; except for和but的辨析： 這三個短語都有“除之外”的意思，但具體用法不同：except表示“除之外（沒有）”，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)在同類人或物中除去一個或幾個人或物。表示一種排除關(guān)系。有“減除”之意。but和except的用法基本相同。但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)整句的內(nèi)容，且習(xí)慣上用于every；all； any；nothing；who等詞后。except for表示“除之外”，常對某種基本情況進(jìn)行具體的、細(xì)節(jié)方面的修正，其后所接的詞同句子的主語不是同類的，指從整體中除去一個細(xì)節(jié)，一個方面。例如： We are all here except/but Tom. 除了Tom外，我們都到齊了。（不包括Tom） She could do nothing but cry. 除了哭，她沒有別的辦法。He is a good man except for hot temper. 他是個好人，除了脾氣暴躁。 10. suggestion （1）suggestion 作可數(shù)名詞，表示“建議；提議”。例如：He has given me a helpful suggestion. 他給我提了一項有益的建議（2）suggestion 作不可數(shù)名詞，表示“聯(lián)想；暗示”。例如：The power of suggestion is very strong.暗示的力量是無比強(qiáng)大的。【拓展】suggestion 的動詞形式是suggest ，意為“建議”，有以下用法：（1）可接名詞做賓語。例如：We suggested a visit to the museum the next day.我們建議明天去參觀博物館。（2）可接動名詞做賓語。例如：I suggested putting off the sports meet.我建議將運動會延期。They suggested waiting until the proper time.他們建議(我們)等到恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r機(jī)才行動。（3）可接that賓語從句，that從句用should+動詞原形，should可以省略。例如：She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.她建議班會不要在星期六舉行。We suggested that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher.我們建議他去向老師道歉?！驹~匯精練】I. 根據(jù)漢語及首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞。1The bottle is _(空的) and theres nothing in it2She wants to be an _(交換) student3The old man loves his _(孫女) very much and he often buys presents for her4I am busy _(除之外) FridayWe can go to the movies on that day5Its not _(禮貌的) to say that you are full6Beijing is the c_ of China7We usually have lunch at n_8Lisa will make her e_ to study English well because she wants to be an international guide9The teacher is using a piece of white c_ to write10In the front of the classroom，you can see a b_ on the wall 11There are four s_ in a yearThey are spring，summer，autumn and winter12Who is k_ at the door? Maybe its the postmanII. 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1“Good morning”is a _(greet)2My hometown is in the _(north) part of the country3He put something _(value) into the drawer and locked it4The book is very interesting and it is worth _(read)5She gave me so many good _(suggest) and I said thanks to her6There arent any _(different) between the two pictures7I got used to _(live) in the countryside8David was punished for his bad _(behave)III. 用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫（每個單詞限用一次）。eat，much，left，polite，start，put，drink，somebody，rule，quiet If youre going to a formal western dinner party for the first time，youd better know about western table mannersIts 1 to follow them When you sit down at the table，take your napkin and 2 it on your lapThe dinner always 3 with a small dishWhen you start eating，you should keep the fork in your 4 handIts polite to finish 5 everything on your plate，so dont take 6 food than you needMaybe you dont know whether its polite or not to speak loudly at the tableThe answer is that you should speak 7 and smile a lotWhen you drink to 8 ，youd better raise your glass and take only a sipRemember not 9 too muchIf you cant remember these 10 ，just do as other people do1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_【參考答案】I.根據(jù)漢語及首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞。1empty 2exchange 3granddaughter 4except 5polite6capital 7noon 8effort 9chalk 10blackboard 11seasons 12knockingII.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1greeting 2northern 3valuable 4reading5suggestions 6differences 7living 8behaviorIII.用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫（每個單詞限用一次）。1polite 2put 3starts 4left 5eating 6more 7quietly 8somebody 9to drink 10rules。【句式精講】1. You are supposed to shake hands.（1）動詞suppose意為“猜想、假設(shè)”，suppose后接that從句，that可以省略。例如：I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十歲。（2）be supposed to后面用動詞原形，表示“被期望做某事、應(yīng)該做某事”，相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動詞should。例如：You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你應(yīng)該跟這些外賓打招呼?！就卣埂浚?）當(dāng)句子的主語是人的時候，be supposed to表示“應(yīng)該做某事、被期望做某事”，經(jīng)常用來表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)和責(zé)任等。這里be supposed to相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動詞should。例如：You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 如果你要離開教室，應(yīng)該先問一問我們的老師。（2）當(dāng)句子的主語是物的時候，be supposed to表示“本應(yīng)該”的意思，經(jīng)常用來表示某事物本應(yīng)該發(fā)生而沒有發(fā)生。The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 這個會議本應(yīng)該在星期二舉行，但我們不得不把他推遲了。（3）短語be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意為“不應(yīng)該做某事”。You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.你不應(yīng)該在課堂上大聲交談。（4）be supposed to的后面接have+過去分詞，表示“本應(yīng)該做完的事情而沒有做完”。My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 我的媽媽應(yīng)該一個小時前就到了。2. If youre even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.這是含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句，if譯為“如果”。條件狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，要注意if條件句的時態(tài)搭配：（1）if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時。例如：The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉貓的尾巴，它就會抓你。If the rain doesnt stop, we will stay here. 如果這場雨不停的話，我們就呆在這兒。（2）if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用情態(tài)動詞。例如：Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youshouldeatlessbread.如果想減肥，你應(yīng)該少吃面包.（3）if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用祈使句。例如：If you want to get there on time, hurry up!如果你想準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)那里，要快一點。3. We value the time we spend with our family （1）value 作動詞，表示“看重，重視”。例如：If they value these data, let them pay for them. 他們要是看重這些數(shù)據(jù)，就讓他們出錢買。If you value your health then youll start being a little kinder to yourself. 如果你重視自己的健康，你就要開始對自己好一點。（2）value 作及物動詞，表示“評價，估價”。后接名詞或代詞作賓語，當(dāng)賓語后接具體價格時，常用介詞at。例如：I valued the bike at 200 yuan. 我估計這輛自行車值200元。The used car has recently been valued at 3750 pounds.這輛二手車作價為3750英鎊?！就卣埂浚?）value 用作名詞，基本意思是“價值，價格”，引申還可表示“用處，益處，重要性”。例如：Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years.近年來由于物價不斷上漲，英鎊貶值了。The value of this work experience should not be underestimated. 這種工作經(jīng)驗的重要性不應(yīng)該被低估。（2）value常用于of value to sb. 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“對某人有價值”。例如：Good books are of great value to students. 好書對學(xué)生非常有用。4. As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home.imagine是動詞，意為“想象，推測”，后面可接名詞、代詞、賓語從句、復(fù)合賓語，常用于結(jié)構(gòu)：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。例如： We cant imagine what China will be like in the future. 我們無法想象將來中國是什么樣子。I cant imagine leaving all my friends. 我無法想象離開我所有的朋友。 No one can imagine what would happen next. 沒有人能想象出下一步會發(fā)生什么。5. , but Im gradually getting used to it.動詞短語get used to表示“漸漸習(xí)慣”，后接名詞、代詞作賓語。與同義短語“be used to”略有不同。get used to強(qiáng)調(diào)的是由“不習(xí)慣”到“習(xí)慣”的這個過程，而“be used to”所強(qiáng)調(diào)的只是“習(xí)慣了”這個狀態(tài)。例如：The food here is not so tasty but you will get used to that.這里的伙食不怎么樣，但你會慢慢習(xí)慣的。 The food here is not so tasty but he is used to that.這里的伙食不怎么樣，但是他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了。He is used to getting up early. 他習(xí)慣了早起。 6. I find it difficult to remember everything, but當(dāng)不定式用作賓語且其后跟有賓語補(bǔ)足語時，通常會在賓語補(bǔ)足語前使用形式賓語it，而將真正的賓語移至句末，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“動詞+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+不定式短語”。例如：I find it difficult to do the job well. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)做好這個工作不容易。I find it easy to get on with her. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)她很容易相處?！就卣埂慨?dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等用作主語時，為避免頭重腳輕，通常在句首使用形式主語it，而把真正的主語放在句子末尾。例如：Its a pity to refuse. 拒絕是令人遺憾的。Its no use saying any more about it. 再談這事沒有用。Its not known where she went. 她到哪里去了沒人知道。【注意】It is said / reported / believed / understood that 這類結(jié)構(gòu)中的 it 也是形式主語。Its reported that two people were injured in the accident. 據(jù)報道這次事故中有兩人受傷?！揪涫骄殹縄. 按要求完成句子，每空一詞。1Youre supposed to kiss when you meet someone for the first time in America(對劃線部分提問) What _ you supposed _ _ when you meet someone for the first time in America?2The new car cost me 200，000 yuan(改為同義句) I _ 200，000 yuan _ the new car3You should tell him the good news when you meet him(改為同義句) You _ _ _ tell him the good news when you meet him4I suppose she has finished the work(改為反意疑問句) I suppose she has finished the work，_ _?5I find it difficult to learn English well(改為同義句) I _ that _ _ difficult to learn English well6We cant decide where we are supposed to go(改為同義句) We cant decide _ _ go7The man who is repairing my bike is my father(改為同義句) The man _ my bike is my father8He has never seen the movie before(改為反意疑問句) He has never seen the movie before，_?II. 根據(jù)漢語意思和所給的提示詞翻譯句子。1除了最后一個問題，所有的問題都很容易。(are，except) _2你已經(jīng)習(xí)慣早起嗎?(get) _3他指著地圖，告訴我們他的故鄉(xiāng)在哪里。(pointed，told) _4這家賓館使我有賓至如歸的感覺。(made) _5我一到巴黎就會給你寫信。(as soon as，arrive) _. 根據(jù)漢語意思翻譯句子，每空一詞。1我的想法和你的不同。 My ideas _ _ _ yours2戴維已經(jīng)習(xí)慣他的日常生活了。 David has already _ _ _ his everyday life3不要拿筷子指著別人。 Dont _ _ others with your chopsticks4昨天晚上她特地為我準(zhǔn)備了晚飯。 Last night she _ _ _ _ _ to prepare dinner for me5我發(fā)現(xiàn)記住所有的單詞真是太難了。 I found _ _ _ memorize all the words6當(dāng)你第一次見到一個人的時候，你應(yīng)該做什么? What _ you _ _ do when you meet someone for the first time?7如果給我們更多的時間，我們會做得更好。 More time given，we _ _ _ it much betterIV. 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從方框中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。(其中兩個選項為多余選項)A：Could you tell me how you can speak English so well?B：Well，I think listening more is very important 1 A：Some people say watching English movies is good for Englis