中考英語初三代詞講解和練習(xí).doc

起航教育中考英語 代詞講解與練習(xí)【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】：英語中代詞可以分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞。l 人稱代詞: 主要有主格和賓格之別。人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們 主格 I you he she it we you they 賓格 me you him her it us you them一般情況下，主格放在句首，賓格放在句中或句末。 l 物主代詞: 分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。人稱 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他們的 形容詞性 my your his her its ours your they 名詞性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 1.形容詞性物主代詞在句中做定語修飾名詞，一般不單獨(dú)使用.His parents are both office workers.My name is Jack2. 名詞性物主代詞常用來避免前面已提及的名詞，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”. This is my dictionary. Where is yours? Its over there, on the bed.My idea is quite different from hers.3. 名詞性物主代詞可用在of后面作定語，相當(dāng)于“of+名詞所有格”，表示帶有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩.He is a friend of mine. (他是我的一個(gè)朋友）l 反身代詞人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們 反身代詞 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourself themselves enjoyoneself玩得高興；過得愉快 hurtoneself傷著自己teachoneself=learnbyoneself自學(xué) byoneself獨(dú)立地helponeselfto請(qǐng)自便；隨便吃 lookafteroneself自理；照顧自己loseoneselfin陶醉于；沉浸于l 指示代詞主要有this, that, these, those。thatthose常用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的人或物,以避免重復(fù).l 疑問代詞有：who, whom whose, what, which,疑問代詞主要用法例句who作主語、表語、賓語（作賓語時(shí)在口語中不能放在介詞后）Who wants to go with me?Who are you talking?whomwho的賓格形式，作賓語Whom are you talking? / To whom are you talking?whosewho的所有格形式，作主語、表語、賓語、定語Whose book is this?what what詢問某人的職業(yè) Whats your father? He is a worker.whowho 詢問某人的身份、姓名 Who is the boy under the tree? He is Li Ming.what what指不定數(shù)目中的“哪一個(gè)，那一些；什么”，沒有一定范圍的限定 Who is the boy under the tree? He is Li Ming. whichwhich “哪一個(gè)”，指在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物What would you like?l 疑問副詞有：when, how, where, why。不定代詞主要有some, any，many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either可數(shù)one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few 不可數(shù)much, (a) little可數(shù)/不可數(shù)one, any, other, all, some 復(fù)合不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, nothing all：指三者或三者以上的所有，可以作形容詞修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，后可接of介詞短語。both：指“兩者都”，可以作形容詞修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)；后可接of介詞短語。each：“每一個(gè)”，一般指兩者中的每一個(gè)，也可指許多中的每一個(gè)；可以作形容詞修飾名詞單數(shù)；后可接of介詞短語。There are trees on each side / both sides of the river.Each of us has a chance to go to university.We each have a dictionary.every：三者或三者以上中的每一個(gè)，是形容詞，只能作定語，后面不能接of介詞短語。either：指“兩者中一個(gè)”或“兩者中無論哪一個(gè)”，可以作形容詞修飾名詞單數(shù)；后可接of介詞短語。If you keep still, you can sit on either end of the boat.I dont like either of them. Do you have any other blouse?都任何都不兩者both eitherneither兩者（以上）all any none- Do you want tea or coffee?- _ . I really dont mind. A. Both B. NoneC. EitherD. NeitherI dont care for _ of the hats. Would you show me a third one? A. allB. noneC. eitherD. bothThe thieves ran away separately, _ carrying a bag. A. all B. eachC. everyD. eitherI understood most of what they said but not _ word. A. any B. each C. every D. one Excuse me, but can you tell me which road I should take to the post office ? _ of the four roads will do.A. Any B. Neither C. Both D. Every 不定代詞意義用法說明another任何一個(gè)，另一個(gè)指三者或三者以上中的任何一個(gè)，用作代詞或形容詞。如：I dont like this coat. Show me another, please.other另外的只作定語，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用；但如果前面有the, this, that some, any, each, every, no, one 及my, your, his 等時(shí)，則可與單數(shù)名詞連用。如：any other plant, every other day。the other兩者中的另一個(gè)常與one 連用，構(gòu)成：one the other 一個(gè)另一個(gè)；作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示“全部其余的”others泛指別的人或物是other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定語，構(gòu)成someothersthe others特指其余的人或物是the other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式，特指其余的人或物。Do you have question(s)? 你還有其他問題嗎？ Some of us like singing and dancing, go in for sports. He has two daughters. One is a nurse, is a worker. On side of the street，there is a tall tree. 關(guān)于“a few, few, a little, little” a few: 修飾可數(shù)名詞，表示少量的如： There are a few students in the classroom. few: 修飾可數(shù)名詞，表示幾乎沒有如：There are few students in the classroom.a little: 修飾不可數(shù)名詞， 表示少量的如：There is a little water in the bottle.little: 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示幾乎沒有如：There is little water in the bottle.【經(jīng)典練習(xí)】 一、單項(xiàng)選擇1 These are books. Yours are over there.A I B my C me D mine2 is she? She is a teacher.A What B How C Who D Where3 is wrong with my watch. It has stopped.A Something, working B Something, to workC Any thing, working D Anything, to work4 Mary, help to the bananas, please.A you B your C yourself D yourselves5 do you go to school every day? By bus.A How B Why C When D Where6 My skirt is popular than.A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers7 Can you speak English? Yes, but only.A few B a few C little D a little8. Mr.Smith is an old friend of.A I B me C my D mine9 “ do you hear from your parents?”“About once a month.”A How long B How many C How often D How much10 Mr Green wouldnt say at the meeting.A everything B nothing C anything D something11.- “Mum, Anns coming tonight. Lets give her to eat.” -Good idea!”A anything nice B nice anythingC something nice D nice something12 When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening? I dont mind. time is OK.A Some B Neither C Either D Both13 This is not her kite,but.A hes B him C he D his14 Dont worry, Mum! news is good news. Im sure daddy will come back soon.A No B Many C Those D Two15 Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. She has apples than he.A few B many C more D fewer16 There isnt in todays newspaper.A anything interesting B something interestingC nothing interesting D interesting anything17 September 10th is Day?A Teacher B Teachers C Teachers D Teachers18 In England, people eat a lot of “takeaway” food. What about people in your country? A So we do. B We do so. C So do we. D We so do.19 Shall we go into that shop and have a look? Sorry. I wont. I have to do there.A everything B anything C something D nothing20 Oh, dear! Who broke the glass? Sam Bruce. It was the cat.A Both, and B Not, but C Neither, nor D Either, or21 The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake.are climbing the hill.A Others B Other C Another D The other22 She is not a nurse. Im not.A also B either C neither D too23 I have two pencils. One is red, is blue.A the other B another C others D the others24 Sorry, I cant answer your question.I know about the subject.A little B a little C few D a few25 My sister doesnt like skating. A So do I B So I dont C Neither I dont D Neither do I26 Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room,.A you, he and I B I, you and heC he, I and you D you, I and he27 All the students are busy, soof them will go to the concert.A many B little C a few D few28 The teacher gave student a new book.A nobody B both C each D any29 Black is neither a teacher a worker.A or B either C nor D and30 Our teacher gave uson studying.A many advices B some advicesC an advice D some advice31 There are two foreign friends in the park. One is from Japan, is from America.A other B others C the other D the others32 Are there on the table?A so