高三復習被動語態(tài)學案.doc

.高三英語語法專題復習-被動語態(tài)一、時態(tài)與高考（語法填空與改錯）1. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what _(leave).(2015廣東)2. we _ (tell) that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, but for the week after.(2014廣東）3. Tai Chi _ (call) “shadow boxing” in English. (2014遼寧）4. Tea in China was traditional drank from cups without handles.(2013)5. Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the sky-they were looked like rain.(2014陜西）6. He born in a poor family,but only received a limited education in his childhood.歸納：A. 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的_B. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的_。被動語態(tài)構成：_.二.什么時候用被動語態(tài)1.強調動作的承受者2.不知道動作的發(fā)出者3.沒有必要說出動作的發(fā)出者三、八大時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)請把下列句子改為含有被動語態(tài)的句子：1) We speak English.2) Everybody respects them. 1.一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)： _1) They bought ten computers last year 2) The people supported him 2.一般過去時被動語態(tài)： _1) We will discuss the question at the next meeting.2) If the weather permits, we will complete the work on time. 3.一般將來時被動語態(tài)： _1) Susan is cooking dinner. 2) They are building nine parks.4.過去將來時被動語態(tài)： _We would discuss the question the next week.5.現(xiàn)在進行時被動語態(tài)： _1) We were building several new high roads. 2) They were designing the car. 6.過去進行時被動語態(tài)： _1) We have planted some trees around the lake.2) Someone has turned off the light.7.現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)： _1) She had cleaned the kitchen 2) We had decorated the room 8.過去完成時被動語態(tài)： _I must finish the work today.9.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：_.We must finish the work today.動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)一覽表(以do為例）時態(tài)主動被動一般現(xiàn)在時do/does現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are doing現(xiàn)在完成時have/has done一般過去時did過去進行時was/were doing過去完成時had done一般將來時will do過去將來時would do含有情態(tài)動詞的 情態(tài)動詞+do 四、特殊轉換請把下列句子改為含有被動語態(tài)的句子：1. I have given him the book.轉換：_.歸納：S+V+Oi+Od(主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語)結構變?yōu)楸粍泳淇梢詫蓚€賓語中的任何一個賓語作為被動句的主語。直接賓語（指物）轉化為被動句的主語可以轉化為to型或for型兩種。2. I have asked him to help you. 轉換：_3. We saw a stranger enter the hall.轉換：_歸納：S+V+O+C(主語+謂語+賓語+補語)結構改為被動句應將主動句的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，補語不變；不帶to的不定式作賓補改為被動句時必須帶to.4. The old man will take care of the girl. 轉換：_歸納：短語動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要注意保持短語動詞的完整性，動詞后面原有的介詞或副詞不可遺漏。五、Practice(一) Please finish the following exercises:1. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ (make) by scientists.2.Experiments of this kind _ (conduct) in both the U.S and Europe well before the Second World War.3. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _ (rescue) four days later.4.The church tower which _(restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.5.This coastal area _(name) a national wildlife reserve last year.6. Linda, make sure the tables _ (set) before the guests arrive.7. People say that a smile can _ _(pass) from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so.8. When research _(assign), the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.（二）、Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. 1.Look! A frog is swallowed（吞沒）by a snake over there. 2.Some fruits were bought his friend (by him) yesterday.3.Is the bridge going to completed before the end of this year? 4.The problem has been paid enough attention.五、主動形式表示被動意義1. 只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。但cost, have, own, last, lack, agree with, suffer from, belong to等及物動詞或及物的短語動詞也沒有被動語態(tài)。翻譯句子：這輛車花了他一萬美元。_.2.有些動詞既是及物又是不及物，當它們和well, badly, easily等副詞連用時，表示主語內在品質或性能，是不及物動詞，這時不用被動語態(tài)，常見的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。如：請翻譯句子：1) 這本書是用這支筆寫的。2) 這支筆寫字很快。 3) 這新書很暢銷。4) 這新書賣完(sell out)了。3. 不及物動詞（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, Eg: Great changes _ (take place) in my hometown in the past ten years.4. 連系動詞（Link.v.) （+ 形容詞/名詞）如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomeEg: The song sounds beautiful.The cloth feels soft.5. 在“npron + be + adj + to do”結構中。 常用的形容詞有easy, difficult, hard, nice, pleasant, 等。 翻譯句子：1. 他是個容易相處的人。 2.這個地方在地圖上很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)。6. 3需要 need/want/require doing/ to be done2值得 be worth/deserve doing 1受責備 be to blame 翻譯句子： 1. 屋子需要打掃。 2. 這本書很值得一讀。3. 他應該為這次事故受到責備。 六、Fill in the blanks (一) 單句填空1.Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I _ (do).2.The book _ ( write) by Lu Xun in 1920. 3.The cloth _ (wash) well.4.It is the most instructive lecture that I _ (attend) since I came to this school.5.The hospital _(build) next year. 6.In the last few years thousands of films _ (produce) all over the world.7.He _ (allow) to play computer games last night. 8.The boy _ (tell) not to go to the net bar as usual. 9.He _ (ask) to the party last Sunday, but he didnt go there. 10.The story _ (sound) very interesting.(二)語篇填空 1. Airplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and the passing planes can _1_(hear) day and night. The airport _2_ (build) years ago, but for some reasons it could not _3_(use) then. Last year, however, it _4_ into use. Over a hundred people must have _5_(drive) away from their homes by the noise. Sometimes I think this house _6_ (knock) down by a passing plane. I _7_(offer) a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.2. Welcome to our school. Id like to introduce you plans for our school. A lot of work _1_(do)in the past few years. The library _2_ (complete) and is ready for use. But we still have to do more work. A new biology lab _3_(build)this year. But we dont have enough money for the equipment. Students in all grades _4_(collect) money. The money which is collected _5_ (spend) on new equipment. At present, a plan _6_ (make) for a party at the end