2016-PMP項目管理師考試大綱(中英對照)(1).docx

PMP考試最新內(nèi)容大綱（中英文對照版）為了讓項目管理專業(yè)人士（PMP）適應專業(yè)發(fā)展的變化，PMI將在2016年1月12日對PMP考試的內(nèi)容進行變化。這些變化將在中國區(qū)2016年3月PMP考試中體現(xiàn)。2015年12月考試不受影響。 此次變化是基于PMI對項目管理專業(yè)人士的角色描述研究（RDS），研究通過對全球范圍內(nèi)的PMP認證持有者進行問卷調(diào)查，確認了領域、任務、知識、技能版塊的內(nèi)容更新。RDS捕捉來自各行業(yè)、各工作崗位、各地區(qū)的項目管理實踐者的視角，作為PMP考試的基礎，以確保其正確性和相關性。 2015年5月初，PMI發(fā)布了最新PMP考試內(nèi)容大綱英文版。PMP考試大綱主要變化： PMP的五大實踐領域保持不變。然而，各領域內(nèi)的任務則被修改、添加或刪除。以下是對此次新增內(nèi)容的概述： 領域1啟動項目，增加了三個任務任務2、任務7、任務8j領域2項目計劃，增加了一個任務任務13領域3項目執(zhí)行，增加了兩個任務任務6、任務7領域4項目監(jiān)視與控制，增加了兩個任務任務6、任務7領域5項目結尾，沒有新增任務績效域1 Initiating the Project 項目啟動 任務1 Perform project assessment based upon available information, lessons learned from previous projects, and meetings with relevant stakeholders, in order to support the evaluation of the feasibility of new products or services within the given assumptions and/or constraints. 根據(jù)現(xiàn)有信息、以前項目的經(jīng)驗教訓以及相關干系人的會談情況進行項目評估，以支持在特定的假設條件及制約因素下對新產(chǎn)品或服務的可行性判斷。 任務2 Identify key deliverables based on the business requirements, in order to manage customer expectations and direct the achievement of project goals. 識別基于業(yè)務需求的關鍵可交付成果，以管理客戶期望和指導項目目標達成。 任務3 Perform stakeholder analysis using appropriate tools and techniques, in order to align expectations and gain support for the project. 運用適當?shù)墓ぞ吆图夹g來進行干系人分析，以便與干系人期望相符，并獲得其對項目的支持 任務4 Identify high level risks, assumptions, and constraints based on the current environment, organizational factors, historical data and expert judgment, in order to propose an implementation strategy. 根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的環(huán)境、組織因素、歷史數(shù)據(jù)和專家判斷來識別高層級風險、假設條件和制約因素，以提議實施策略。 任務5 Participate in the development of the project charter by compiling and analyzing gathered information, in order to ensure project stakeholders are in agreement on its elements. 通過匯編和分析收集的信息，參與制定項目章程，以確保項目干系人就章程要素達成一致。 任務6 Obtain project charter approval from the sponsor, in order to formalize the authority assigned to the project manager and gain commitment and acceptance for the project. 獲得發(fā)起人對項目章程的批準，以對項目經(jīng)理正式授權，并得到其對項目的支持和認可。 任務7 Conduct benefit analysis with stakeholders (including sponsor, customer, subject matter experts), in order to validate project alignment with organizational strategy and expected business value. 與干系人（包括發(fā)起人、客戶、主題專家）實施收益分析，以確認項目與組織戰(zhàn)略和所期望的商業(yè)價值相符。 任務8 Inform stakeholders of the approved project charter, in order to ensure common understanding of the key deliverables, milestones, and their roles and responsibilities. 就批準的項目章程通知干系人，以確保干系人就關鍵可交付成果、里程碑以及他們的角色與責任達成共識。 知識與技能 Analytical skills Benefit analysis techniques Elements of a project charter Estimation tools and techniques Strategic management 分析技能 收益分析技術 項目章程要素 估算工具和技術 戰(zhàn)略管理 績效域2 Planning the Project 項目規(guī)劃 任務1 Review and assess detailed project requirements, constraints, and assumptions with stakeholders based on the project charter, lessons learned, and by using requirement gathering techniques, in order to establish detailed project deliverables. 根據(jù)項目章程和經(jīng)驗教訓，利用需求收集技術，與干系人一起來評估詳細的項目需求、制約因素和假設條件，以確定詳細的項目可交付成果。 任務2 Develop a scope management plan, based on the approved project scope and using scope management techniques, in order to define, maintain, and manage the scope of the project. 根據(jù)批準的項目章程并使用范圍管理技術，制定范圍管理計劃，以定義、維護和管理項目范圍。 任務3 Develop the cost management plan based on the project scope, schedule, resources, approved project charter and other information, using estimating techniques, in order to manage project costs. 根據(jù)項目范圍、進度、資源、批準的項目章程和其他信息，制定成本管理管理計劃，運用估算技術，以管理項目成本。 任務4 Develop the project schedule based on the approved project deliverables and milestones, scope, and resource management plans, in order to manage timely completion of the project. 根據(jù)批準的項目可交付成果和里程碑、范圍，以及資源管理計劃，制定項目進度計劃，以管理項目及時完工。 任務5 Develop the human resource management plan by defining the roles and responsibilities of the project team members, in order to create a project organizational structure and provide guidance regarding how resources will be assigned and managed. 通過定義項目團隊成員的角色和職責來制定人力資源管理計劃，以創(chuàng)建項目組織架構并提供如何分派和管理資源的指南。 任務6 Develop the communications management plan based on the project organization structure and stakeholder requirements, in order to define and manage the flow of project information. 根據(jù)項目組織架構和干系人需求制定溝通管理計劃，以定義和管理項目信息流。 任務7 Develop the procurement management plan based on the project scope, budget, and schedule, in order to ensure that the required project resources will be available. 根據(jù)項目范圍、預算和進度制定采購管理計劃，以確保所需項目資源的可用性。 任務8 Develop the quality management plan and define the quality standards for the project and its products, based on the project scope, risks, and requirements, in order to prevent the occurrence of defects and control the cost of quality. 根據(jù)項目范圍、風險和需求制定質(zhì)量管理計劃并定義項目質(zhì)量標準，以預防缺陷發(fā)生并控制質(zhì)量成本。 任務9 Develop the change management plan by defining how changes will be addressed and controlled, in order to track and manage change. 通過定義如何處理和控制變更，制定變更管理計劃，以跟蹤和管理變更。 任務10 Develop the risk management plan by identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing project risks, and defining risk response strategies, in order to manage uncertainty and opportunity throughout the project life cycle. 通過風險識別、分析和優(yōu)先級排序制定風險管理計劃，并定義風險應對策略，以管理項目生命周期中的不確定性和機會。 任務11 Present the project management plan to the relevant stakeholders according to applicable policies and procedures, in order to obtain approval to proceed with project execution. 根據(jù)適用的政策和程序向相關干系人展示項目管理計劃，以獲取批準來繼續(xù)項目執(zhí)行。 任務12 Conduct kick-off meeting, communicating the start of the project, key milestones, and other relevant information, in order to inform and engage stakeholders and gain commitment. 召開啟動會議，溝通項目開工、關鍵里程碑以及其他相關信息，以告知干系人，爭取干系人參與，并獲得干系人承諾。 任務13 Develop the stakeholder management plan by analyzing needs, interests, and potential impact, in order to effectively manage stakeholders expectations and engage them in project decisions. 通過分析需求、利益和潛在影響，制定干系人管理計劃，以有效管理干系人期望并爭取他們參與項目決策。 知識與技能 Change management planning Cost management planning, including project budgeting tools and techniques Communications planning Contract types and selection criteria Estimation tools and techniques Human resource planning Lean and efficiency principles Procurement planning Quality management planning Requirements gathering techniques (e.g., planning sessions, brainstorming, and focus groups) Regulatory and environmental impacts assessment planning Risk management planning Scope deconstruction (e.g., WBS, Scope backlog) tools and techniques Scope management planning Stakeholder management planning Time management planning, including scheduling tools and techniques Workflow diagramming techniques 變更管理規(guī)劃 成本管理規(guī)劃，包括項目預算工具和技術 溝通規(guī)劃 合同類型與選擇標準 估算工具與技術 人力資源規(guī)劃 精益與效率準則 采購規(guī)劃 質(zhì)量管理規(guī)劃 需求收集技術（例如規(guī)劃會議、頭腦風暴和焦點小組） 監(jiān)管與環(huán)境影響評估規(guī)劃 風險管理規(guī)劃 范圍分解（例如WBS、范圍待辦列表）工具與技術 范圍管理規(guī)劃 時間管理規(guī)劃，包括制定進度計劃工具和技術 工作流程圖技術 績效域3 Executing the Project 項目執(zhí)行 任務1 Acquire and manage project resources by following the human resource and procurement management plans, in order to meet project requirements. 通過遵循人力資源和采購管理計劃來獲取和管理項目資源，以滿足項目需求 任務2 Manage task execution based on the project management plan by leading and developing the project team, in order to achieve project deliverables. 通過領導和發(fā)展項目團隊，根據(jù)項目管理計劃管理項目任務執(zhí)行，以實現(xiàn)項目可交付成果。 任務3 Implement the quality management plan using the appropriate tools and techniques, in order to ensure that work is performed in accordance with required quality standards. 使用合適的工具和技術來實施質(zhì)量管理計劃，以確保按所需的質(zhì)量標準完成工作。 任務4 Implement approved changes and corrective actions by following the change management plan, in order to meet project requirements. 遵循變更管理計劃實施已批準的變更和糾正措施，以滿足項目需求。 任務5 Implement approved actions by following the risk management plan, in order to minimize the impact of the risks and take advantage of opportunities on the project. 遵循風險管理計劃實施已批準的措施，以使風險對項目影響最小化，并充分利用機會。 任務6 Manage the flow of information by following the communications plan, in order to keep stakeholders engaged and informed. 遵循溝通計劃管理信息流，以保持干系人參與和知情。 任務7 Maintain stakeholder relationships by following the stakeholder management plan, in order to receive continued support and manage expectations. 遵循干系人管理計劃維護干系人關系，以獲得干系人持續(xù)支持并管理干系人期望。 知識與技能 Continuous improvement processes Contract management techniques Elements of a statement of work Interdependencies among project elements Project budgeting tools and techniques Quality standard tools Vendor management techniques 持續(xù)改進過程 合同管理技術 工作說明書要素 項目要素間的依賴關系 項目預算工具和技術 質(zhì)量標準工具 供應商管理技術 績效域4 Monitoring and Controlling the Project 項目監(jiān)控 任務1 Measure project performance using appropriate tools and techniques, in order to identify and quantify any variances and corrective actions. 使用適當?shù)墓ぞ吆图夹g測量項目績效，以識別和量化各種偏差和糾正措施。 任務2 Manage changes to the project by following the change management plan, in order to ensure that project goals remain aligned with business needs. 遵循變更管理計劃來管理項目變更，以確保項目目標依然與商業(yè)需要保持一致。 任務3 Verify that project deliverables conform to the quality standards established in the quality management plan by using appropriate tools and techniques, in order to meet project requirements and business needs. 通過使用適當?shù)墓ぞ吆图夹g，驗證項目可交付成果符合質(zhì)量管理計劃所建立的質(zhì)量標準，以滿足項目需求和業(yè)務需要。 任務4 Monitor and assess risk by determining whether exposure has changed and evaluating the effectiveness of response strategies, in order to manage the impact of risks and opportunities on the project. 通過決定風險敞口是否發(fā)生變化，以及評價風險應對策略的有效性來監(jiān)控和評估風險，以管理風險和機會對項目的影響。 任務5 Review the issue log, and update if necessary, and determine corrective actions by using appropriate tools and techniques, in order to minimize the impact on the project. 評審問題日志，如有需要進行更新，使用合適的的工具和技術來確定糾正措施，以使其對項目的影響最小化。 任務6 Capture, analyze, and manage lessons learned using lessons learned management techniques, in order to enable continuous improvement. 通過使用經(jīng)驗教訓管理技術來收集、分析和管理經(jīng)驗教訓，以持續(xù)改進 任務7 Monitor procurement activities according to the procurement plan, in order to verify compliance with project objectives. 根據(jù)采購計劃監(jiān)督采購活動，以驗證符合項目目標。 知識與技能 Performance measurement and tracking techniques (e.g., EV, CPM, PERT, Trend Analysis) Process analysis techniques (e.g., LEAN, Kanban, Six Sigma) Project control limits (e.g., thresholds, tolerance) Project finance principles Project monitoring tools and techniques Project quality best practices and standards (e.g., ISO, BS, CMMI, IEEE) Quality measurement tools (e.g., statistical sampling, control charts, flow- charting, inspection, assessment) Risk identification and analysis techniques Risk response techniques Quality validation and verification techniques 績效測量與跟蹤技術（例如：EV、CPM、PERT、趨勢分析） 過程分析技術（例如：精益、看板、六西格瑪） 項目控制界限（例如：臨界值、公差） 項目財務準則 項目監(jiān)督工具與技術 項目質(zhì)量最佳實踐與標準（例如：ISO、BS、CMMI、IEEE） 質(zhì)量測量技術（例如：統(tǒng)計抽樣、控制圖、流程圖、檢查、評估） 風險識別與分析技術 風險響應技術 質(zhì)量確認與核實技術 績效域5 Closing the Project 項目收尾 任務1 Obtain final acceptance of the project deliverables from relevant stakeholders, in order to confirm that project scope and deliverables were achieved. 從相關干系人獲得項目可交付成果的最終驗收，以確認項目的范圍和可交付成果已實現(xiàn)。 任務2 Transfer the ownership of deliverables to the assigned stakeholders in accordance with the project plan, in order to facilitate project closure. 根據(jù)項目計劃，將可交付成果的所有權移交給指定干系人，以促進項目收尾。 任務3 Obtain financial, legal, and administrative closure using generally accepted practices and policies, in order to communicate formal project closure and ensure transfer of liability. 以普遍公認的做法和政策來進行財務、法律和行政收尾，以做好項目收尾的正式溝通，并確保責任的移交。 任務4 Prepare and share the final project report according to the communications management plan, in order to document and convey project performance and assist in project evaluation. 根據(jù)溝通管理計劃準備和分享最終的項目報告，以記錄和傳遞項目績效，并幫助項目評估。 任務5 Collate lessons learned that were documented throughout the project and conduct a comprehensive project review, in order to update the organizations knowledge base. 整理項目過程中記錄的經(jīng)驗教訓，并實施全面的項目評審，以更新組織的知識庫。 任務6 Archive project documents and materials using generally accepted practices, in order to comply with statutory requirements and for potential use in future projects and audits. 采用普遍公認的做法來歸檔項目文件和資料，以符合法定要求，并可供今后項目以及審計的潛在使用。 任務7 Obtain feedback from relevant stakeholders, using appropriate tools and techniques and based on the stakeholder management plan, in order to evaluate their satisfaction. 根據(jù)干系人管理計劃，使用合適的工具和技術從相關干系人獲得反饋，以評估干系人的滿意度。 Archiving practices and statutes Compliance (statute/organization) Contract closure requirements Close-out procedures Feedback techniques Performance measurement techniques (KPI and key success factors) Project review techniques Transition planning technique 文件歸檔實踐與法規(guī) 合規(guī)（法規(guī)/組織） 合同收尾需求 收尾程序 反饋技術 績效測量技術（KPI和關鍵成功因素） 項目評審技術 移交規(guī)劃技術 所有績效域 Cross-Cutting Knowledge and Skills 交叉知識與技能 Active listening Applicable laws and regulations Benefits realization Brainstorming techniques Bu