Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark.doc

Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark.一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark.語言目標(biāo) Language goal:Talk about what you used to be like. 談?wù)撃氵^去的外表。學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)Functions: 1. 學(xué)會陳述自己過去常做的事情 2. 學(xué)會陳述自己過去的愛好等 3. 能夠表達自己現(xiàn)在和過去在外表、性格、娛樂等方面的變化 4. 能夠表達朋友、家人等現(xiàn)在和過去的變化二. 教學(xué)重點難點： 短語used to 的用法三. 重點詞和短語：1. used to 過去常常2. be afraid ofbe terrified of 害怕3. a couple of days 兩天4. look different 看起來不同look the same 看起來一樣5. wear glasses/contact lenses 戴眼鏡/隱形眼鏡6. have a great memory 記性很好7. have long/straight/curly hair 留著發(fā)型8. be interested in take an interest in 對感興趣9. on the swim team 在游泳隊10. People sure change. 人是會變的。11. be/live alone 獨處/單獨居住 feel lonely 覺得孤獨12. speak in front of a group 在眾人面前講話13. go to sleep with the light on 開著燈睡覺14. worry about sth./ sb.be worried about sth./sb. 擔(dān)心15. study all the time 一直學(xué)習(xí)16. go right home 直接回家17. spend time （in）doing sth. 花時間做某事18. no longernot. . . any longer 不再（延續(xù)性） no morenotany more 不再（短暫性）19. chat with sb. 與聊天20. take sb. to a concert 帶某人去音樂會21. hardly ever 幾乎不22. miss the old days 懷念/想念過去的那些日子23. in the last few years 近幾年24. daily life 日常生活25. make sb. stressed out 使某人精疲力盡26. a fifteen-year-old boy 一個15歲的男孩27. problem child 問題少年28. afford sth./to do sth. 負擔(dān)得起He couldnt afford to pay for his childs education. 29. asas 與一樣as well as 與一樣好，也as well as she could 盡她全力30. get into trouble with the police 與警察發(fā)生沖突31. be patient with sb. 對有耐心32. in the end 最后33. make a decision on sth./doing sth. 決定做某事make up ones mind to do sth.decide to do sth.34. send sb. to地點 送某人去某地35. cause a lot of trouble （for sb. ） 引起很多麻煩36. leave the school 退學(xué)37. waste ones time 浪費時間38. to ones surprise 使某人吃驚be surprised at sth. 吃驚于To my surprise, a phone call changed his life. 39. feel good about himself 很有自信40. head teacher 班主任41. Its necessary to do sth. 必須做某事42. even thougheven if （讓步狀語從句） 即使Even though he is eighty, he looks young and healthy. 43. take pride infeel/be proud of 為而自豪I take pride in being a Chinese. I am/feel proud of being a Chinese. 44. give up 放棄 Dont give up. 不要放棄。四. 重點、難點、考點及疑點注釋：1. Over here! Dont you remember me? （P11）過來！你不記得我了嗎？（1）over here相當(dāng)于come over here，意為“過來”。（2）remember的反義詞是forget，兩者用法相同，后面可跟名詞，動名詞或動詞不定式。remember/forget doing sth.表示“記得/忘記做過某事”，強調(diào)事情已經(jīng)做了。I remember posting your letter. 我記得替你寄過信了。They forget locking the door. 他們忘記鎖過門了。remember/forget to do sth.表示“記得/忘記去做某事”，強調(diào)事情還未做。I remember to post your letter. 我記得替你寄信。They forget to lock the door. 他們忘了鎖門。2. Wow! People sure change. （P11）哇！人確實是會變的。句中的sure用作副詞，意為“確實”，“無疑”。sure一詞更常見于以下用法和句型：表示“可以”，“當(dāng)然”，“沒問題”，常用來答應(yīng)他人的請求，相當(dāng)于 Yes. / OK. /Great. /Certainly. /Of course. Did you have a good trip?旅途愉快嗎？Sure. /Of course. 當(dāng)然。Would you like to go with us?愿意和我們一起去嗎？Sure. /Certainly. 好啊。be sure about/of意為“確信，對有把握”，后接名詞，代詞或v-ing形式，表示對客觀事物有肯定的認識和判斷，主語必須是人。Im sure of passing the examination. 我相信我會通過考試。He lives in this building but Im not sure about the room number. 他住在這棟樓里，但是房間號碼我不太清楚。be sure to意為“一定”，“肯定”，后接不定式，往往表示局外人的推測、評論，主語不一定是人。Its sure to rain tomorrow. 明天一定會下雨。She is sure to understand much more than before. 她一定比以前懂得更多了。試比較下面兩句：The old woman is sure to live to more than ninety. 這位老太太肯定可以活到九十多歲。The old woman is sure of living to more than ninety. 這位老太太相信自己可以活到九十多歲。be sure to 用于祈使句時，是“務(wù)必”，“一定”的意思。Be sure to review the text after class. 課后務(wù)必復(fù)習(xí)課文。Be sure to come tomorrow，everyone. 大家明天一定要來。be sure接that從句時，意為“認為一定會”，主語必須是人，連詞that可以省略。be sure后面還可以接由whether, where, when或who等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，這時主句通常是否定形式。Im not sure whether I can come tomorrow. 我明天是否能來還說不準(zhǔn)。Im sure that I can run faster than you. 我確信我比你跑得快。3. Im terrified of the dark. （P12）我十分怕黑。terrified為形容詞，意為“受驚嚇的，恐懼的”，表示“害怕, 恐懼”，固定用法be terrified of相當(dāng)于be afraid of。Im terrified of being at home by myself. 我很害怕獨自呆在家里。特別提示terrified的動詞形式為terrify，表示“使害怕”，“使恐懼”。There are several persons terrifying the little boy. 有幾個人正在恐嚇那個小男孩。4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開著臥室的燈睡覺。（1）with my bedroom light on為介詞短語，在句中用作狀語，表示伴隨情況。He walked out of the room with his coat on. 他穿著外套走出了房間。知識拓展“with名詞介詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)也可用作狀語，表示伴隨情況。The teacher came in with a book under his arm. 老師腋下夾著一本書走進教室。The poor woman walked through the street with a baby on her back. 那可憐的婦女背著一個嬰兒，穿過了街道。（2）on在此處是形容詞，意為“開著的，接通的”，常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：be/turn on。Is the light on in the room? 屋里的燈開著嗎？No. Its off. 不，關(guān)著呢。Turn on the radio, please. Ill listen to the weather report. 請打開收音機，我要聽天氣預(yù)報。5. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends, but I just dont have the time anymore. （P14）在上高中之前，我常常花費大量時間和朋友們一起做游戲，但是如今我再也沒有這樣的時間了。（1）high school相當(dāng)于middle school,意為“中學(xué)”，常指高中。（2）本句中的spend意為“花費”，常用來說明某人買某物花了多少錢或某人花了多少時間做某事，主語通常為人，常見的句子結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：sb. spends some money/time on sth.She spends a lot of money on books. 她花很多錢買書。sb. spends some money/time in doing sth.，其中介詞in可以省略。They spent two hours （in）looking for the cat. 他們花了兩個小時找那只貓。知識鏈接take, pay與cost也可以表示“花費”：take意為“花費”，常用形式主語it，真正的主語是動詞不定式，常見的句子結(jié)構(gòu)有：“It takes （took）時間/金錢動詞不定式”（表示“做某事花費了多少時間/金錢”）和“It takessb.時間/金錢動詞不定式”（“做某事花費了某人多少時間/金錢”）。Itll take only ten minutes to walk to the supermarket. 只要十分鐘，就可以走到那家超市。It took Yang Liwei about 21 hours to circle the earth in his spaceship. 乘宇宙飛船環(huán)繞地球大約花費了楊利偉21個小時。pay的基本意思是“支付”，主語是表示人的名詞或代詞，常與for連用。How much did you pay for all these books? 這些書你是花多少錢買的？cost也可作“花費”解，其主語是“物”或“事”，常用于sth. costs （sb.）some money結(jié)構(gòu)。The dictionary cost me 40 yuan. 這本字典花了我40元錢。（3）not. . . any more意為“不再”，相當(dāng)于no more，一般用來表示動作或行為的不再發(fā)生或重復(fù)。They dont use animals to do farm work any more. 他們不再使用牲畜做農(nóng)活了。6. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. （P14）現(xiàn)在，我根本沒有時間去聽音樂會。（1）本句中的these days意為“現(xiàn)在，目前，如今”，相當(dāng)于nowadays, at present。We are not poor any longer these days. 如今我們不再貧窮了。They still remember that old saying these days. 現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)匀挥浀媚蔷涔胖V語。（2）hardly用作副詞，意為“幾乎不”，相當(dāng)于almost not，本身含有否定之意，修飾名詞時，常和a或any連用。Im so tired that I can hardly walk any farther. 我太累了，簡直不能再走下去了。There was hardly a cloud in the sky. 天空幾乎沒有一絲云彩。魔力糾錯他簡直不知道說什么好，是嗎？誤：He hardly knows what to say, doesnt he?正：He hardly knows what to say, does he?魔力解析hardly本身含有否定意義，構(gòu)成反意疑問句時，后半部分要用肯定形式。類似的詞有few, little, never, none, nobody, nothing等。特別提示hardly不是hard的副詞形式，兩者是完全不相關(guān)的兩個詞。7. Now, I dont mind them. （P14）現(xiàn)在我不介意它們了。動詞mind的基本含義是“介意，反對”，后面接名詞或動名詞。He doesnt mind closing the window. 他不介意關(guān)上窗戶。知識拓展Would you mind doing. . . ?句型常用來向別人提出請求，對方如果表示介意，就說“Yes”；如果表示不介意、不反對，應(yīng)說“No, not at all. /No, of course not. ”。 Would you mind telling me how to remember English words?你介意告訴我如何記英語單詞嗎？No, not at all. 不，不介意。特別提示mind還可用作名詞，表示“思想，主意”。What do you make up your mind to be when you grow up?你長大以后立志要做什么？短語鏈接never mind不要緊，不介意；keep in mind記??；make up ones mind下決心，下決定；set up ones mind to do sth.立志做某事; change ones mind改變主意。8. I really miss the old days. miss在這里為“懷念”的意思。How he misses his mother while she is away in London!他媽媽在倫敦期間，他多么想念她啊！此外miss還有“缺”的意思。Im afraid that Jim will miss a lot of his lessons. 恐怕Jim會缺很多課。錯過I missed catching the 2：15 train. 我未趕上2點15分的火車。missing 失去的，缺少的，不在的，失蹤的。They are looking for the missing child. 他們在尋找失蹤的孩子。9. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. （P15）俞梅似乎變化很大。動詞seem是“看起來像”，“似乎”的意思，其常用的句型有：It seemsthat 從句It seems that he would never be able to work out the question. 看來他好像永遠無法解決那個問題。seem形容詞Your father seems quite happy. 你的父親看起來很高興。seem動詞不定式Li Fang seems to know everything. 李芳好像什么都知道。特別提示“It seemsthat 從句”通?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)化成“名詞/代詞seems動詞不定式短語”這一簡單句型，如果動詞不定式短語是“to be形容詞”，to be可以被省略。It seems that his temperature is all right. His temperature seems （to be）all right. 他的體溫似乎很正常。It seems that she doesnt get on well with her classmates. She doesnt seem to get on well with her classmates. 她似乎與同學(xué)們相處得不好。10. However, after his fathers death a few years ago, Martins life became much more difficult. （P16）然而，幾年以前，在他父親死后，馬丁的生活變得更困難了。下列句中的dead意為“死的”，是形容詞，表示“死的，無生命的”，常與be動詞連用，指死的狀態(tài)。He is dead, but his name will live in our hearts forever. 他雖然死了，但他的名字將永遠留在我們心中。Her grandfather has been dead for more than two years. 她的爺爺去世兩年多了。特別提示die, dying, death也可以表示“死”。die意為“死亡，斷氣”，是終止性動詞，指生命的結(jié)束，強調(diào)動作。His mother died two years ago. 他的母親兩年前去世了。dying是die的現(xiàn)在分詞，通常作形容詞使用，是“要死的”，“垂危的”，“瀕臨死亡的”的意思。This dog is dying. 這條狗快要死了。death是die的名詞，意為“死亡”。It makes me very sad when I think of my little dogs death. 當(dāng)我想起我小狗的死亡時，我很難過。11. . . . but to his surprise, this phone call changed his life. （P16）但是，令他驚奇的是，這次通話改變了他的人生。本句中的to ones surprise意為“令某人驚奇的是”，常常置于句首。其中to是“致使”的意思，后面接表示情感的名詞，指一個事件使某人心中產(chǎn)生了某種情感。To my surprise, he failed in the examination. 使我奇怪的是，他考試不及格。To everyones surprise, Mr King refused. 使每個人感到驚奇的是，金先生拒絕了。類似短語to ones joy/horror/satisfaction“使人高興驚恐滿意的是”。特別提示in surprise意為“驚奇地”。The two men looked at each other in surprise. 那兩個人驚奇地互相看著。“How did you come to know it?” I asked in surprise. “你是怎么知道這件事的？”我吃驚地問。12. She also told me that even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, and would always take pride in everything good I do. （P16）她也告訴我，盡管我父親不再和我們在一起了，他還是在關(guān)注著我們，并對我所做的一切好的事情感到驕傲。（1）even though意為“即使，縱然，盡管”，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可以與even if替換。He wont tell me about it even though （even if）he knows the news. 即使他知道這個消息，他也不會告訴我。Even though （Even if）you arent lifting anything, your muscle gets tired. 即使沒有舉著什么東西，你的肌肉也會感到疲勞。（2）本句中的no longer可以與not. . . any longer替換，主要用來表示時間或距離的“不再”，意在對現(xiàn)在的情況和過去的情況加以比較，故多用于現(xiàn)在時。You are no longer a child. （You arent a child any longer. ）你已不再是個孩子了。特別提示no longer一般修飾延續(xù)性動詞，表示某個動作或狀態(tài)不再延續(xù)下去。He no longer lives here. （He doesnt live here any longer. ）他不再住在這里了。no more相當(dāng)于not. . . any more，主要用來表示數(shù)量和程度，常常修飾短暫性動詞，表示某動作不再重復(fù)發(fā)生。The baby no more cried. （The baby didnt cry any more. ）這個小孩不再哭了。He is no more a student. （He isnt a student any more. ）他不再是個學(xué)生了。（3）take pride in意為“對感到自豪”，往往強調(diào)一時的行為，動作性較強。其中in是介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式作賓語。The young man took pride in his work. 這年輕人以他的工作而自豪。特別提示該短語中的pride是抽象名詞，意為“驕傲，自豪”。13. and didnt give up trying to help him （P17）沒有放棄努力幫他本句中的give up意為“放棄，停止”，相當(dāng)于stop doing sth.,其后可接名詞或動詞的-ing形式。Dont give up halfway. 不要半途而廢。You mustnt give up studying foreign languages for even a day. 你一定不能放棄學(xué)習(xí)外語，哪怕是一天也不行。give up還可以表示“認輸，投降”。I give up. Tell me the answer. 我認輸了。告訴我答案吧。魔力糾錯吸煙對你的健康有害，所以你必須戒煙。誤：Smoking is bad for your health, so you must give up it. 正：Smoking is bad for your health, so you must give it up. 五、語法：本單元語法重點內(nèi)容是used to這個句型。 1. “主語used to動詞原形其它”。在這個句型結(jié)構(gòu)中used to的含義為“過去常?！薄１硎具^去的習(xí)慣，暗示現(xiàn)在已無此習(xí)慣，請看圖： Dave在過去幾年中一直在factory中工作，但現(xiàn)在他在supermarket中工作，所以Dave used to work in a factory. 隱含的意思是：Dave worked in a factory before but he doesnt work there now. 2. 我們可以說I used to work/She used to have/They used to be等等，也就是說used這個詞沒有人稱的變化，to后面接動詞原形。請看例句： When I was a child, I used to like chocolate. I used to read a lot of books but I dont read much these days. Liz has got short hair now but it used to be very long. Liz現(xiàn)在梳短發(fā)，但以前她是長發(fā)。 Ann used to have a piano, but she sold it a few years ago. Ann過去有一架鋼琴，但幾年前她把鋼琴賣了。 used to的否定形式是I didnt use to. When I was a child, I didnt use to like tomatoes. 當(dāng)我還是個孩子時，我不喜歡西紅柿。 問句形式是Did you use to? Where did you use to live before you came here? 在你來這兒之前你住哪兒？ 3. used to這個詞組只用于講述過去，我們不能用use to來講述現(xiàn)在 I used to play tennis. These days I play golf. （不說 I use to play golf. ） We usually get up early. （不說We use to get up early.）詞語辨析used to do、be used to doing 、be used to do 和 be used for sth./doing . be used to （ doing ）sth.是“習(xí)慣于做某事”，to是介詞，后面接名詞或動名詞，可用于現(xiàn)在、過去、將來的多種時態(tài)。如： I am used to the weather here. 我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習(xí)慣于艱苦的工作。He will be used to getting up early. 他將會習(xí)慣于早起。get（或become）used to指的是從不習(xí)慣到習(xí)慣這一過程的轉(zhuǎn)變，另外，它往往包含著克服困難去適應(yīng)的意思。如：You will soon get used to the weather here. 你會習(xí)慣這里的天氣的。 In the end, I got used to doing the hard work. 最后，我終于習(xí)慣干苦活了。 be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”，不定式表示目的。 Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用來造紙。 be used for n. / v-ing 意思是“用于，用作”，介詞for表示用處。 The pen is used for writing. 鋼筆是用來寫字的?！静倬殢V場】I. “used to” 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. I used to be really shy. （改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答） you really shy? , . 2. My mother used to hate cooking meals. （對劃線部分提問） your mother to hate?3. I used to go outside on Sundays. （改為否定句） I go outside on Sundays. 4. Did you use to enjoy shopping on weekends? （改為肯定句） I shopping on weekends. 5. My little brother used to be afraid of the dark. （完成反意疑問句） My little brother used to be afraid of the dark, ?II. “used to ” 中考真題1. Mike afraid of dogs, but now he can play with them. （2006黑龍江佳木斯） A. is used to being B. used to being C. used to be2. Dennis really quiet, but now he is very outgoing. （2006內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特） A. used to be B. was used to be C. is used to be D. used to being3. -My aunt goes to climb Mount Gu every Sunday. -Oh? But she hate climbing mountains. （2006福建福州） A. used to B. use to C. uses to D. is used to 4. Look, thats our new school building. There be old and low houses. （2006福建廈門） A. is going to B. had C. used to III. 用used to, be used to, be/get used to 或be used for 的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Alice be a doctor. 2. This room keeping all the junk. 3. My mother drinking coffee after dinner. 4. Tom the cold weather after having lived here for two years. 5. Cookers cook by cooks. 答案：I. 1. Did; use to be; Yes; I did 2. What did; use 3. didnt use to / used not to 4. used to enjoy 5. didnt he / usednt he II. 1-4 CAACIII. 1. used to 2. is used for 3. is used to 4. has got used to 5. are used to 中考聚焦考點1. used toMaria shy, but now she is quite outgoing. She has made lots of friends. （2006寧夏）A. was used to be B. used to be C. was used to being D. is used to be 【要點簡析】used to 是情態(tài)動詞，其后接動詞原形，表示過去的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。注意：be/get used to 是“習(xí)慣于”之意，used是形容詞，to是介詞，其后接名詞或v-ing形式。選B。考點2. spend, cost, take, payHis parents were worried that he too much time chatting on line. （2006北京）A. spent B. cost C. paid D. had【要點簡析】spend表示“花費金錢、精力等”。常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：spend some time / money on sth. / （in ）doing sth. 選A。考點3. hardlyAfter a long walk, the man was so tired that he could walk any farther. （2006福建漳州）A. suddenly B. luckily C. hardly D. mostly【要點簡析】hardly （ almost not ）意為“幾乎不”，表示否定。選C。考點4. seemIt that it is going to rain. （2005江蘇揚州）A. seem B. seems C. seemed D. is seemed【要點簡析】句中的seem是個不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)，且主句時態(tài)與從句時態(tài)保持一致。選B。考點5. give up n. / v-ingWe shouldnt the chance to study. （2006山西臨汾）A. look for B. give up C. wait for【要點簡析】give up“放棄”，后接名詞或v-ing 形式。選B?！灸M試題】（答題時間：60分鐘）I. 單項選擇1. Uncle Wang_ a worker and he is seventy now. A. uses to B. used to C. used to be D. was used to2. Its time to_ the things on the list. A. pay B. pay to C. pay for D. pay on3. He must be in the room, because the light in the room is . A. in B. on C. off D. open4. When he was young, he used_ swimming in the river. A. to going B. going C. to go D. go5. seems that Jane has known the bad news. A. She B. It C. This D. That6. My sister has been in America for half a year. She _ the life there. A. is used B. used to C. is used to D. uses7. _ you _ to go to the park when you were children? A. Did, use B. Did, used C. Do, used D. Do, use8. _ you afraid_ standing_ on the wall? A. Are；of；highly B . Do；from；highly C. Are；from; high D. Are；of；high9. Jack likes playing soccer, but he doesnt like playing piano. A. /, / B. the, / C. the, the D. /, the10. You neednt worry your daughter. She can take care of herself. A. about B. of C. at D. on11. I_ a worker, but now I am an actor. A. used to be B. used to being C. was used to be D. was used to being12. Zhao Ruirui is_ the Chinese Womens Volleyball Team. A. at B. on C. to D. of13. I used to be afraid of_ in an airplane. A. fly B. to fly C. flying D. flew14. There were lots of white houses_ trees_ them. A. with; after B. with; in front of C. with; in the front of D. with; on15. I spent 50 yuan_ the basketball. A. in B. for C. on D. atII. 完形填空 “Where is the University?” This is a question that many visitors to Cambridge（劍橋）ask. But no one can give them a 16 answer, for there is no wall to be found 17 the university. The university is a city. You can find classroom buildings, 18 , museums and 19 of the thirty-one colleges. Cambridge was already a 20 town long before the first students and teachers arrived 800 years ago. It grew up by the river Granta, and the river was once 21 the Cam. A 22 was built ove