人教版八級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié).doc

此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除課 題Unit1 Where did you go on vacation？課 型 預(yù)習(xí)課 同步課 復(fù)習(xí)課 習(xí)題課授課日期及時(shí)段2016 年 11 月 12 日 教 學(xué) 目 的四會(huì)短語(yǔ)的掌握不定代詞的用法單詞與詞組的解析重 難 點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)的記憶方法學(xué)習(xí)教 學(xué) 內(nèi) 容 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、書(shū)本重要語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)梳理go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海灘 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer camp去參觀夏令營(yíng)quite a few相當(dāng)多 study for為而學(xué)習(xí) go out出去 most of the time大部分時(shí)間taste good嘗起來(lái)很好吃 have a good time玩得高興 of course當(dāng)然 feel like給的感覺(jué)；感受到go shopping去購(gòu)物 in the past在過(guò)去 walk around四處走走 because of因?yàn)閛ne bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on繼續(xù) take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出來(lái) buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.為某人買(mǎi)某物taste + adj. 嘗起來(lái) look+adj. 看起來(lái)nothingbut+動(dòng)詞原形 除了之外什么都沒(méi)有seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起來(lái)arrive in+大地點(diǎn) / arrive at+小地點(diǎn) 到達(dá)某地decide to do sth.決定去做某事try doing sth.嘗試做某事 try to do sth.盡力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過(guò)某事 forget to do sth.忘記做某事enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.開(kāi)始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事 keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事Why not do. sth.?為什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+從句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事have a good time玩得高興=enjoy oneself=have great fun1. on vacation 度假 vacation意為“假期、假日”，相當(dāng)于holiday，但vacation表示長(zhǎng)的假期。如：the long vacation 長(zhǎng)假 the summer vacation 暑假the Christmas vacation 圣誕假期而holiday（尤其美國(guó)）指“假日；休息日；休假”。on vacation = on holiday 意為“度假”2. anything interesting 一些有趣的東西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代詞。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代詞。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地點(diǎn)的不定代詞。2）當(dāng)形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時(shí)，放在這些詞的后面；3）這些不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Is everybody here? 大家都到齊了嗎？4） something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示請(qǐng)求或建議的疑問(wèn)句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句及疑問(wèn)句中。如：Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事嗎？（表疑問(wèn)）Why dont you visit someone with me? 你為什么不跟我一起去拜訪下某個(gè)人呢？（表建議）含some-的一般用于肯定句，也用于表示請(qǐng)求邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句或預(yù)計(jì)是肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句。 I have something to ask you. 我有事情要問(wèn)你。Are you expecting someone this afternoon ? 今天下午你是不是等什么人？no one 與none no one 只能指人,且不能與of 搭配，no one 做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能是單數(shù)。none 為不定代詞，意為“什么也沒(méi)有”，既可指人，也可指物，none在句中不能單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)，但可同of連用帶名詞一起作主語(yǔ),做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單復(fù)數(shù)都可?？祭篢hey were all very tired, but _ of them took a rest.A. none B. all C. both D. either其它復(fù)合不定代詞可單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)，但不能同of連用。 錯(cuò)：He is new here, so none knows him. 對(duì)：He is new here, so no one knows him.錯(cuò)：Nobody of them has been to England before.對(duì)：None of them has been to England before.3. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth如：My parents often buy some books for me. = My parents often buy me some books.我父母經(jīng)常給我買(mǎi)書(shū)。4.提建議的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?5. long time no see 好久不見(jiàn)6. quite a few 相當(dāng)多 a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別 a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者都表肯定意義 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little 少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者都表否定意義 如：He has few friends. 他沒(méi)有幾個(gè)朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒(méi)有多少糖。7. most of 的大多數(shù) 如：most of the time 大多數(shù)時(shí)間8. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然沒(méi)有人感到煩悶。 1）seem意為“好像；似乎；看來(lái)”，是個(gè)連系動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有： seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： They seem to talk in class. 他們似乎上課說(shuō) 話。 seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如： He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎 病了。 It seems that + 從句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似 乎病了。 2） bored 作形容詞，意為“煩悶的；厭倦的”其主語(yǔ)是某人； 而boring 也是形容詞，其主語(yǔ)是某物。 如：My parents ask me to do homework all day. I feel bored.我父母整天叫我做作業(yè)， 我感到很厭倦。Doing homework all day is a little boring. 整天做作業(yè)有點(diǎn)無(wú)聊。 相類似的詞語(yǔ)還有： interested adj. 感興趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的 surprised adj. 感到驚奇的 surprising adj. 驚奇的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲憊的 excited 興奮的 exciting 令人興奮/激動(dòng)的 amazed 驚訝的 amazing 令人驚訝的9. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 牢記： 相同點(diǎn)：都是“到達(dá)“的意思不同點(diǎn)：get to+地點(diǎn)/reach+地點(diǎn) arrive at+小地點(diǎn)（車(chē)站等）/arrive in+大地點(diǎn)（國(guó)家等）注意：若他們后面要加地點(diǎn)副詞here, there, home等，則不需要加介詞。arrive in+大地點(diǎn) / arrive at+小地點(diǎn) 到達(dá)某地當(dāng)我們用介詞at時(shí)，通常把后面所接的地方看成一個(gè)點(diǎn)，而當(dāng)用in 時(shí)，則把后面所接地方看成是一個(gè)面（大范圍的面）。所以arrive at后面一般接: station, airport, destination等表示小范圍的地點(diǎn)。例如：We arrived at the Shanghai Railway Station at 11:00 pm last night.When we arrived at Wuhan Airport, its midnight.arrive in后面一般接國(guó)家，大城市之類表示大范圍的地點(diǎn)。例如：When did you arrive in Beijing? It was the cold season when I arrived in Germany.10. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做樂(lè)意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。 enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過(guò)得很愉快。 跟它意思相近的詞組還有have a good great time , have (great) fun。11. decide 意為“決定”，是動(dòng)詞。它的名詞形式為decision。構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有： decide to do sth. decide on doing sth. make a decision to do sth. 決定做某事 決定不要做某事，要用decide not to do sth.。如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。12. nothing.but.意為“除.之外； 只有”，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看電視什么也沒(méi)干。13 . feel like 意為：“有什么感覺(jué)；感受到”，后跟賓語(yǔ)從句。另外，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) feel like doing sth.意為“想做某事”。如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感覺(jué)我是一只鳥(niǎo)。I feel like eating.我想吃東西。14. because of , because： because of + 名詞/代詞/名詞性短語(yǔ) 如：I had to move because of my job. 因?yàn)楣ぷ鞯脑蛭业冒峒摇?because +從句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。15. below意為“在.下面”，其反義詞為 above，意為“在.上面”16. bring sth.to +地點(diǎn)，意為“帶來(lái)”，其反義詞是take。如：Please bring your book to our school. 請(qǐng)把你的書(shū)帶到我們學(xué)校來(lái)。Please take your book to your school. 請(qǐng)把你的書(shū)帶到你的學(xué)校去。17.enough 足夠形容詞enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮 enough名詞如：enough food 足夠食物 enough to 足夠去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢(qián)去北京。She is old enough to go to school. 她夠大去讀書(shū)了。18. so that 如此以致于 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，so后面接形容詞、副詞. that 后面跟從句。如：She was so sad that she couldnt say a word. 她悲傷得一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。19. taste good 嘗起來(lái)很好吃。taste 系動(dòng)詞用法“嘗起來(lái)”后+形容詞。其他表示狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞有：feel（覺(jué)得） keep（保持）stay（保持）seem（好像）look（看來(lái)像）smell（聞起來(lái)）sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)）taste（嘗起來(lái)）系動(dòng)詞與形容詞連用I feel sick。 我感到難受。 Keep quiet，please！ 請(qǐng)安靜下來(lái)！The weather stays very hot。天氣非常熱。 He seems very clever。 他好像很聰明。Jim looks like his father。 吉姆長(zhǎng)得像他父親。The fish smells terrible. 這魚(yú)聞起來(lái)壞了。That sounds a good idea。 那聽(tīng)起來(lái)是個(gè)好主意。 The soup tastes very delicious。這湯嘗起來(lái)非常香。20. I bought something for my parents, but nothing for myself. 反身代詞的用法myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves詞組：enjoy oneself, help oneself , learn by oneself 21. too many，too much，much too 1）too many “太多”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 |課 |標(biāo)|第 | 一| 網(wǎng)Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.2) too much “太多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞或修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.3) much too 太，修飾形容詞和副詞The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.too much, much too, 用法區(qū)別看后頭：much 后接不可數(shù), too 后修飾形或副。too many 要記住，后面名詞必復(fù)數(shù)。22. forget to do sth.和forget doing sth.1) forget to do sth 忘記將要做的事Dont forget to close the window. 別忘了關(guān)窗戶。2) forget doing sth 忘記做過(guò)某事I forget c