時(shí)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).doc

一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.概念：經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及存在的狀態(tài)。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):動(dòng)詞原形,如果主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要加es. Eg: It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 二、 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：1.概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 Eg: She often came to help us in those days. I didnt know you were so busy. She sang a song of Lin Feng yesterday. 三、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be +doing Eg: How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 四、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：1.概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing Eg: At that time she was working in a PLA unit. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 五、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：1.概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done Eg: Ive written an article. It has been raining these days. 六、 過(guò)去完成時(shí)：1.概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, by the end of last year(term, month) 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + v-ingEg：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 七、 一般將來(lái)時(shí)：1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will/shall + do. Eg：They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain. I think he will be back soon 八、 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：1.概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week) 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+going to + do；would/should + do. Eg: He said he would go to Beijing the next day. I asked who was going thereTENSE主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)be+v.Be+v.PP一般將來(lái)時(shí)willbe going tobe (about)to+V.will be +v.PP現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be+v.ingBe+being+v.PP一般過(guò)去時(shí)waswerev.+edwaswere+v.PP現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)haveh