建筑結(jié)構(gòu)英語常用詞匯VIP

建筑 結(jié)構(gòu)專業(yè)常用英文詞匯 總體設(shè)計(jì) General design 設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù) Design basis 建筑紅線 Building line 建筑系數(shù) Coefficient of building occupation 界區(qū) Battery limited 有效面積 Effective area 使用面積 Usable area 結(jié)構(gòu)面積 Structural area 建筑面積 Building area 建筑面積密度 Density of building area 豎向布置 Vertical planning 高程 Altitude 等高線 Contour line 相對標(biāo)高 Relative elevation 絕對標(biāo)高 Absolute altitude 地震基本烈度 Basic earthquake intensity 抗震設(shè)防烈度 Fortification intensity 風(fēng)玫瑰 Wind rose 建筑朝向 Building orientation 建筑間距 Building distance 公頃 Hectare 指北針 North arrow 測北 Geophical north 建北 Plant north 氣象 Meteorology 日照 Sunshine 天然采光 Natural lighting 人工照明 Artificant light artificial illumination 照度 Degree of illumination 通風(fēng) Ventilation 正壓通風(fēng) Positive ventilating 噪聲 Noise 隔聲 Sound insulation 吸聲 Sound absorption 保溫隔熱 Heat insulation 露點(diǎn) Dewpoint 冷橋 2 Cold bridge 遮陽 Sunshade 恒溫恒濕 Constant temperature noise reduction 防振 antivibration 4 2 建筑一般詞匯 Conventional terms of architecture 方案 Scheme draft 草圖 Sketch 透視圖 Perspective drawing 建筑構(gòu)圖 Architectural composition 坐標(biāo) Coordinate 縱坐標(biāo) Ordinate 橫坐標(biāo) Abscissa 跨度 Span 開關(guān) Bay 進(jìn)深 Depth 層高 Floor height 凈高 Clear height headroom 橫數(shù) Module modulus 裙房 Skirt building 樓梯 Stair 梯段 Stair slab 樓梯平臺(tái) Stair landing 安全出口 Safety exit 疏散樓梯 Escape staircase 樓梯間 Stair well 封閉樓梯間 Enclosure staircase 防煙樓梯間 Smoke prevention stair well 消防電梯間 Emergency elevators well 自動(dòng)扶梯 Escalator 中庭 Atrium 疏散走道 Escape corridor escape way 耐火等級 Fire resistive grade 生產(chǎn)類別 Classification of production 耐火極限 Duration of fire resistance 防火間距 File break distance 泄壓面積 Area of pressure release 3 悶頂 Mezanine mezzanine 磚標(biāo)號 Grade of brick strength of brick 承重墻 Bearing wall 非承重墻 Non bearing wall 擋土墻 Retaining wall 填充墻 Filler wall 圍護(hù)墻 Curtain wall cladding wall enclosure wall 女兒墻 Parapet wall 隔墻 Partition 浴室 廁所 隔斷 Stall 窗間墻 Pier 墻垛 Pillar 過梁 Lintel 圈梁 Gird girt girth 防潮層 Damp proof course 勒腳 Plinth 橫梁 Transverse beam 縱橫 Longitudinal wall 山墻 Gable gable wall 防火墻 Fire wall 壓頂 Coping 勾縫 Pointing 磚砌平拱 Brick flat arch 預(yù)埋件 Embedded inserts 直抓梯 Ladder 欄桿 Railing 防腐蝕 Corrosion resistant Anticorrosion 化學(xué)溶蝕 Chemical erosion 膨脹腐蝕 Expansion corrosion 化學(xué)腐蝕 Chemical corrosion 電化學(xué)腐蝕 Electro chemical corrosion 晶間腐蝕 Intergranular corrosion 氣相腐蝕 Gaseous corrosion 液相腐蝕 Liquidoid corrosion 固相腐蝕 Solid corrosion 腐蝕裕度 Allowance for corrosion 銹蝕 rusting 4 4 3 建筑材料 Building materials 級配砂石 Graded sand Aerocrete concrete 陶?；炷?Ceramsite concrete 水泥膨脹珍珠巖 Cement mine wool 瀝青 asphalt 卷材 Felt 瑪蹄脂 Asphalt mastic 粘土磚 Clay brick 釉面磚 Porcelain enamel brick 空心磚 Hollow brick 砌塊 Block 缸磚 guarry brick 錦磚 mosac 地面磚 paving brick 防滑地磚 non slip brick 耐酸磚 板 acidbrick acidtile 膠泥 mastic 粘土瓦 Cloy tile 玻璃瓦 enamelled tile 波形鍍鋅鋼板 galvanized corrugate steel sheet 玻璃鋼瓦 glass fiber reinforced plastic tile 彩色壓型鋼 鉛 板 coloured corrugate steel aluminium plat profiuing coloured stccl aluminium plat 石棉水泥瓦 ashestos cement sheet 水磨石 terrajjo 水刷石 granite plaster 花崗石 granite 磨光花崗石 polished granite 剁斧石 artificial stone 大理石 5 marble 水泥砂漿抹面 cement plaster 石灰砂漿抹面 lime plaster 水泥石灰砂漿抹面 cement lime plaster 刀灰打底 hemp cut and lime as base 原木 Log 方木 square timber 板材 plank 膠合板 plywood 三夾板 3plywood 五夾板 5plywood 平板玻璃 flat glass 浮法玻璃 float process glass 磨砂玻璃 ground glass frosted glass 起 玻璃 prism glass 夾絲玻璃 Wire glass 夾層玻璃 sandwich glass 中空玻璃 hollow glass 鋼化玻璃 reinforced glass 鍍膜玻璃 coating glass 有機(jī)玻璃 organic glass 4 4 建筑構(gòu)造及配件 Building construction movable floor access floor 篦子板 grating 地面提示塊 ground prompt 遮陽板 sunshade 窗套 Window moulding 護(hù)角 curb guard 防水層 6 water proof course 找平層 Leveling course 隔熱層 heat insulation course 保溫層 thermal insulation course 檁條 purlin 天窗 skylight 天棚 ceiling 吊頂 suspending ceiling 吊頂龍骨 ceiling joist 雨水口 drain gulley 水斗 Lead head 雨水管 Leader downspout 天溝 Valley 挑檐 overhanging eave 檐口 eave 泛水 flashing 分水線 watershed 檐溝 eave gutter 匯水面積 catchment area 雨罩 canopy 散水 apron 坡道 ramp 臺(tái)階 entrance steps 保溫門 thermal insulation door 隔聲門 窗 sound insulation door window acoustical door window 防火門 窗 fire door window 冷藏門 freezer door 安全門 exit door 防護(hù)門 窗 protection door window 屏蔽門 窗 Shield door window 防風(fēng)砂門 radiation resisting door window 密閉門 窗 weather tight door 泄壓門 窗 pressure release door window 壁柜門 closet door 變壓器間門 transformer room door 圍墻門 gate 車庫門 garage door 7 保險(xiǎn)門 safe door 引風(fēng)門 ventilation door 檢修門 access door 平開門 窗 side hung door 推拉門 窗 sliding door 彈簧門 swing door 折迭門 folding door 卷簾門 rolling door 轉(zhuǎn)門 revolving door 夾板門 plywood door 拼板門 FLB door framed Ledged and battened door matchboard door 實(shí)拼門 solid door 鑲板門 panel door 鑲玻璃門 glazed door 玻璃門 glass door 鋼木門 steel iron grille grating 合頁 butts hinges butt hinges 執(zhí)手 knob 撐檔 catch 滑道 sliding track 插銷 bolt 拉手 pull 推板 push plate 門鎖 mortice lock door lock 執(zhí)手鎖 mortice lock with knob 4 5 建筑結(jié)構(gòu) Building structure 4 5 1 荷載 Load 活荷載 Live load 靜荷載 恒載 Dead load 靜力荷載 Static load 移動(dòng)荷載 Moving load 動(dòng)力荷載 Dynamic load 沖擊荷載 impact load 附加荷載 Superimposed load 規(guī)定荷載 又稱標(biāo)準(zhǔn)荷載 Specified Load 集中荷載 Concentrated Load 分布荷載 Distributed Load 設(shè)計(jì)荷載 Design Load 軸向荷載 Axial Load 偏心荷載 Eccentric Load 風(fēng)荷載 Wind Load 風(fēng)力 風(fēng)壓 Wind force Wind Pressure 雪荷載 Snow Load 屋面積灰荷載 9 Roof ash Load 吊車 最大輪壓 Maximum Wheel Load 吊車荷載 Crane Load 安裝荷載 Erection Load 施工荷載 Construction Load 不對稱荷載 Unsymmetrical Loading 重復(fù)荷載 Repeated Load 剛性荷載 Rigid Load 柔性荷載 Flexible Load 臨界荷載 Critical Load 容許荷載 Admissible Load Allowable Load safe Load 極限荷載 Ultimate Load 條形荷載 Strip Load 破壞荷載 Failure Load Load at failure 地震荷載 Seismic Load Earthquake load 荷載組合 Combination of load 4 5 2 地基和基礎(chǔ) Soil and foundation 地基 Bed soil 天然地基 Natural ground 人工地基 Artificial ground 混凝土基礎(chǔ) Concrete foundation Concrete footing 毛石基礎(chǔ) Rubble masonry footing Rubble stone footing 磚基礎(chǔ) Brickwork footing 樁基礎(chǔ) Pile foundation 設(shè)備基礎(chǔ) Equipment foundation 機(jī)器基礎(chǔ) Machine foundation 獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ) Individual footing Isolated foundation Pad foundation 聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ) Combined footing 大塊式基礎(chǔ) Massive foundation 條形基礎(chǔ) Strip foundation Strip footing Strap footing Continuous footing 方形基礎(chǔ) Square footing 杯形基礎(chǔ) Footing socket 板式基礎(chǔ) Slab foundation Mat footing 階梯形基礎(chǔ) Stepped foundation Benched foundation Stepped footing 擴(kuò)展基礎(chǔ) spread footing 擴(kuò)底基礎(chǔ) 10 Under reamed foundation 浮伐基地 Raft foundation Buoyant foundation Floating foundation 沉箱 井 基礎(chǔ) Caisson foundation 構(gòu)架式基礎(chǔ) Frame foundation 深基礎(chǔ) Deep foundation 基礎(chǔ) Footing Foundation 基槽 Foundation ditch Foundation trench 基坑 Foundation pit 基礎(chǔ)板 Foundation slab 基礎(chǔ)梁 Foundation beam Footing beam 基礎(chǔ)底面 Foundation base 基礎(chǔ)底板 Foundation mat 基礎(chǔ)墊層 Foundation bed 基礎(chǔ)埋置深度 Depth of embedment foundation 地下連續(xù)墻 Undelground continuous wall 打樁 Pile driving 打樁機(jī) Pile engine Pile driver Ram mactuine 鋼樁 Steel pile 水樁 Wood pile Timber pile 鋼筋混凝土樁 Reinforced concrete pile 砂樁 Sand pile 石灰樁 Lime pile Lime column Quicklime pile 單樁 Single pile 群樁 Pile group Pile cluster 斜樁 Batter pile 預(yù)制樁 precast pile 灌注樁 In situ pile Cast in place pile Cast in situ pile Filling pile 板樁 sheet pile 拆密樁 Compaction pile 擠密砂樁 Sand compaction pile 灰土擠密樁 Line soil compaction pile 鉆孔樁 Bored pile 打入樁 Driuen pile 摩擦樁 Friction pile Buoyant pile 端承樁 End bearing pile Point bearing pile Column pile 柱樁 支承樁 Bearing pile 11 抗拔樁 Tension pile Uplift pile 抗滑樁 Anti slicle pile 樁承臺(tái) Pile cap 樁帽 Pile cap pile couel 樁頭 Pile crown pile head 樁端 Pile tip 樁身 Pile shaft 樁距 Pile spacing 樁鋼筋籠 Pile cage 試樁 Test pile 樁荷載試驗(yàn) Pile load test 樁的動(dòng)荷載試驗(yàn) Dynamic load test of pile 樁的側(cè)向荷載試驗(yàn) Lateral pile load test 樁的極限荷載 Ultimate pile load 樁承載能力 Pile capacity Bearing capacity of a pile Carrying capacity of a pile 土壓力 Earth pressure 主動(dòng)土壓力 Active earth pressure 被動(dòng)土壓力 Passive earth pressure 靜止土壓力 Earth pressure at rest 容許地耐力 Allowable bearing strength 冰凍深度 Frozen depth Frost depth Frost penetration depth of frost penetration 防凍深度 Frost proof depth 粘土類土 Clayey soil 輕亞粘土 Sandy loam 亞粘土 Sandy clay Loam 砂質(zhì)土 Sandy soil 砂礫石 Sandy gravel stratum 膨脹土 Expansive soil 硬質(zhì)土 硬盤巖 硬土層 Hard pan 液限 Liquid limit 塑限 Plastic limit 塑料指數(shù) Index of plasticity 松軟土 Mellow soil spongy soil 回填土 Backfill Refilling 雜填土 Miscellaneous fill 地表水 Surface water 12 地下水 Groundwater 地下水位 Groundwater eltualion Groundwater level Groundwater table 容重 Unit weight 干容重 Dry unit weight 濕容重 Wet unit weight 飽和容重 Saturated unit weight 不均勻沉降 Unequal settlement Differential settlement 地基處理 Ground treatment 地基加固 Ground stabilization soil improvement 土質(zhì)查勘 Soil exploration 地質(zhì)勘察 Geological exploration 沉陷 Settlement 傾斜 obliquity Inclination 滑移 Sliding 夯實(shí)土 Compacted soil 夯實(shí)填土 Compacted fill 夯實(shí)回填土 Tamped backfill 夯實(shí)分層厚度 Compacted lift 持力層 Bearing stratum Supporting Course 管道與基礎(chǔ)相碰 Pipeline interferes with foundation 4 5 3 一般結(jié)構(gòu)用語 Terms for general structures 建筑結(jié)構(gòu) Building structure 建筑物 Building 結(jié)構(gòu)形式 Structural type 混凝土 砼 結(jié)構(gòu) Concrete structure 砌體結(jié)構(gòu) Masonry structure 磚砌結(jié)構(gòu) Brick structure 石砌結(jié)構(gòu) Stone structure 磚砼結(jié)構(gòu) Brick and concrete structure 鋼結(jié)構(gòu) Steel structure 結(jié)構(gòu)型鋼 Shape steel 木結(jié)構(gòu) Timber structure 組合結(jié)構(gòu) Composite structure 框架結(jié)構(gòu) Frame structure 梁板結(jié)構(gòu) Beam and slab structure 構(gòu)件 Member 13 承重構(gòu)件 Load bearing member 結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件 Structure member 肋形屋蓋 Ribbed roof 肋形樓板 Ribbed floor slab 無梁樓板 Flat plate Flat slab 桁架 屋架 Truss Roof truss 三角形屋 桁 架 Triangular truss 梯形屋 桁 架 Trapezoidal truss 拱形屋架 Arch roof truss 折線形屋架 Segmental roof truss 弓形桁架 Bowstring truss 框架 Frame 排架 Bent frame 剛架 Rigid frame 門架 Portal frame 抗風(fēng)構(gòu)架 Wind frame 抗震構(gòu)架 Aseismic frame 梁 Beam Girder 大梁 Girder 主梁 Principal beam Primary beam 次梁 Secondary beam 加腋梁 Haunched beam 筒支梁 Simply beam 固端梁 Fixed beam 懸臂梁 Cantilever beam 連續(xù)梁 Continuous beam 托梁 Spandrel 圈梁 girth 過梁 Lintel 曲梁 Curved beam bow beam 基礎(chǔ)梁 Foundation beam 吊車梁 Crane girder T形梁 T beam 柱 Column 組合柱 Combination column 立柱 Post 吊車柱 Crane column 14 抗風(fēng)柱 End panel column 墻 wall 板 slab plate 承重墻 Bearing walls 柱網(wǎng) Column grid 支撐系統(tǒng) Brace system 柱間支撐 Portal bracing between columns 屋石支撐 Roof bracing 垂直支撐 Vertical bracing 水平支撐 Horizontal bracing 剪刀撐 Cross bracing 臨時(shí)頂撐 支撐 Shoring 桁架式支撐 Trussed bracing 斜撐 Kneel brace 上弦 Top chord 下弦 Bottom chord 節(jié)間 Panel 節(jié)點(diǎn) Panel point 壓桿 Compression member strut 拉桿 Tension member Tie beam 腹桿 Web member 斜桿 Diagonal member 斜腹桿 Diagonal web member 吊桿 Hanged rod sag rod 系桿 拉桿 Tie bar sag rod 天窗架 Skylight frame 天窗 Monitor Skylight 托座 牛腿 Bracket 檀條 Purlin 連接 Connection 接點(diǎn) Joint 鉸接點(diǎn) Hinged point 固接點(diǎn) Fixed Joint 安裝接點(diǎn) Erection joint 拼接接點(diǎn) Splice joint 節(jié)點(diǎn)板 連接板 Gusset plate connecting plate 加勁板 15 Stiffener plate 支撐板 Bearing plate 填隙板 Filler plate 梁柱接頭 Beam column connections 截面 Cross section 拱 Arch 殼 Shell 伸縮縫 Expansion joint 沉降縫 Settlement joint 施工縫 Construction joint 防震縫 Aseismic joint 4 5 4 結(jié)構(gòu)理論用語 Terms for theory of slructures a 設(shè)計(jì)方法術(shù)語 Terms for design method 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) Structure design 按極限強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì) Ultimate strength design 按許可應(yīng)力設(shè)計(jì) Working stress design 按承載能力設(shè)計(jì) Loading capacity design 按穩(wěn)定性設(shè)計(jì) Design according to stability 按變形設(shè)計(jì) Design according to deformation 結(jié)構(gòu)分析 Structural analysis 結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算 Structural calculation 靜定結(jié)構(gòu) Statically determinate structures 超靜定結(jié)構(gòu) Statically indeterminste structures 精確計(jì)算 Rigorous calculation 近似計(jì)算 Approximate calculation 安全等級 Safety classes 極限狀態(tài) Limit states 摩擦系數(shù) Coefficient of friction 質(zhì)量密度 Mass density 重力密度 Weight Force density b 結(jié)構(gòu)的作用效應(yīng)術(shù)語 軸向力 Normal force 剪力 Shear force 彎矩 Bending moment 扭矩 Torque 水平推力 Horizontal thrust 水平拉力 Horizontal pull 水平 垂直 分力 16 Horizontal vertical component 合力 Resultant 正應(yīng)力 Normal stress 剪應(yīng)力 Shear stress 主應(yīng)力 Principal stress 次應(yīng)力 Secondary stress 預(yù)應(yīng)力 Prestress 位移 Displacement 撓度 Deflection 變形 Deformation 彎曲 Bending Flexure 扭轉(zhuǎn) Torsion c 材料性能 結(jié)構(gòu)抗力術(shù)語 Terms of property of material and resistamle of structure 抗力 Resistancc 抵抗力矩 Resistante moment 強(qiáng)度 Strength 剛度 Stiffness Rigidity 抗裂度 Crack resistance 抗壓強(qiáng)度 Compressiue strength 抗拉強(qiáng)度 Tensile strength 抗剪強(qiáng)度 Shear strength 抗變強(qiáng)度 Flcxural strength 抗扭強(qiáng)度 Torsional strength 抗裂強(qiáng)度 Cracking strength 屈服強(qiáng)度 Yield strength 疲勞強(qiáng)度 Fatigue strength 彈性模量 Modulus of elasticity 剪切模量 Shear modulus 變形模量 Modulus of deformation 穩(wěn)定性 Stabilith 泊松比 Poisson ratio d 幾何參數(shù)術(shù)語 Terma of geometry parameter 截面高度 Height of section 截面有效高度 Effective depth of section 載面寬度 Breadth of section 截面厚度 Thickness of section 17 截面面積 Area of section 截面面積矩 First moment of area 截面慣性矩 Second moment of area 截面抵抗矩模量規(guī)范中用詞 Section modulus 回轉(zhuǎn)半徑 Radius of gyration 偏心距 eccentricity 長度 Length 跨度 Span 矢高 Rvse 長細(xì)比 Slenderness ratio 4 5 5 磚石結(jié)構(gòu) Masonry construction 磚砌體 Brickwork 砌筑 Laying 磚標(biāo)號 Grade of brick Strength of brick 毛石砌體 Rubble masonry 毛石砼砌體 Grouted rubble masonry 水泥砂漿 Cement mortar 石灰砂漿 Lime mortar 水泥石灰砂漿 cement lime mortar 砂漿找平 Mortar leveling 4 5 6 鋼筋砼結(jié)構(gòu) Reinforced concrete structure 素混凝土 Plain concrete 鋼筋混凝土 Reinforced concrete 預(yù)應(yīng)力砼 Prestressed concrete 砼標(biāo)號 Grade of concrete 鋼號 Grade of steel 整體式結(jié)構(gòu) Monolithic structure 裝配式結(jié)構(gòu) Assembled structure 預(yù)制構(gòu)件 Precast element Fabricated element 現(xiàn)澆 Cast in site Placed in site 澆灌砼 Concreting Costion Pouring Placing 一次澆灌 At one pouring 分二次澆灌 Pours in two operations 二次灌漿 Final grouting 鋼筋保護(hù)層 Reinforcement p