知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)english.docx

首先, 物質(zhì)資源作用的弱化在一定程度上克服了收益遞減規(guī)律的負(fù)面影響, 使知識(shí)收益遞增規(guī)律發(fā)揮作用。First of all, weakening the role of material resources to a certain extent, overcome the negative impact of the law of diminishing returns, making the knowledge returns increasing.在工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)中, 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展主要取決于物質(zhì)資源的投入, 投資者為了追求利潤(rùn), 總是想方設(shè)法加大投資, 結(jié)果使資本和勞動(dòng)的比例失調(diào), 導(dǎo)致收益遞減。In industrial economy, economic development depends mainly on material resources investment. Investors in pursuit of profits, always look for ways to increase investment, as a result, the ratio of capital and labor is unbalanced, leading to diminishing returns.隨著知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展, 勞動(dòng)和資本的作用弱化, 知識(shí)的作用日益強(qiáng)化。知識(shí)是唯一不遵循收益遞減規(guī)律的生產(chǎn)工具。 With the development of knowledge economy, the role of labor and capital have been weaken, however, the role of knowledge increasingly strengthening. Knowledge is the only production tools do not follow the law of diminishing returns.與傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)相反, 知識(shí)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)揮作用的規(guī)律是收益遞增規(guī)律,它表現(xiàn)為投資者一旦擁有某種知識(shí), 就會(huì)不斷擁有。在第一次經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)中，知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)減輕了經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng)的幅度, 實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)整體的持續(xù)發(fā)展。In contrast to the traditional industrial economy, knowledge industry play a role of law is the law of increasing returns, it is shown as investors once you have some knowledge, will have constantly. In the economic crisis for the first time, the knowledge economy to reduce the range of economic fluctuation, realize the sustainable development of economy as a whole.其次, 創(chuàng)新意識(shí)的強(qiáng)化和創(chuàng)新方式的質(zhì)變抹平了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的周期。Second, the strengthening of the innovative consciousness and innovative ways of qualitative change the cycle of economic crisis知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)就是創(chuàng)新。 沒有創(chuàng)新就無(wú)所謂知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)。A striking feature of knowledge economy is innovation. You cant have no innovation of knowledge economy.在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)下, 企業(yè)為了生存和發(fā)展, 必須不斷地進(jìn)行新技術(shù)和新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā), 不斷創(chuàng)新。Under the market economy, enterprises in order to survive and develop, must constantly for the development of new technology and new products, constant innovation.前一個(gè)產(chǎn)品尚處于成熟期時(shí), 就向市場(chǎng)投入新產(chǎn)品, 確保新產(chǎn)品源源不斷推向市場(chǎng), 企業(yè)長(zhǎng)盛不衰。When a product is at the stage of maturity, a new products is pushed into market, to ensure that new products continuously to the market, which surest enterprises thrive. 以此類推, 一條條產(chǎn)品生命周期曲線相交, 將大大減輕經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)走向低谷的趨勢(shì),從而抹平了危機(jī)的周期, 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)呈現(xiàn)出一條不斷上升的波動(dòng)曲線。這種創(chuàng)新加快產(chǎn)品更新的速度, 從而減緩經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng)的幅度。 創(chuàng)新抹平了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的周期, 把經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的周期變成了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度的波動(dòng),變成經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的節(jié)奏。And so on, the whole product life cycle curve intersection, will greatly reduce to low economic growth trend, thus smoothing the crisis period, the trend of economic growth presents a rising wave curve. The innovation speeds up the product updating, and slow the amplitude of economic fluctuation. Innovation extinct the cycle of economic crisis, the period of the economic crisis into economic growth rate of fluctuations, into the rhythm of the economic development.第三, 產(chǎn)品輕型化和生產(chǎn)規(guī)模的小型化提高了企業(yè)的適應(yīng)能力, 減輕了危機(jī)的危害程度。Third, the miniaturization of light-duty products and production scale of improved the adaptability of the enterprise, reducing the harm of the crisis.傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)產(chǎn)品如汽車、鋼鐵、建材等等的特點(diǎn)是大、苯、重。為了節(jié)約成本, 投資者往往通過(guò)擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模, 實(shí)行大批量生產(chǎn), 取得規(guī)模效益。Traditional industrial products such as cars, steel, building materials and so on the characteristics of is big, benzene, heavy. In order to save costs, investors tend to by expanding the scale of production, implement the mass production, achieve economies of scale.但是,當(dāng)市場(chǎng)變化時(shí), 企業(yè)難以適應(yīng), 靈活性差。而知識(shí)產(chǎn)品的特征是輕、巧、小。However, when the market changes, the enterprise is difficult to adapt to, flexibility is poor. Product knowledge is characterized by light, smart, small.企業(yè)能根據(jù)市場(chǎng)變化, 迅速調(diào)整生產(chǎn)方向, 減少市場(chǎng)不景氣帶來(lái)的影響。因此，當(dāng)危機(jī)來(lái)臨時(shí), 知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)有利于減輕經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的負(fù)面影響, 縮短危機(jī)時(shí)間, 促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速恢復(fù)。Enterprise can according to the market changes, quickly adjust production direction, to reduce the impact of the market downturn. Therefore, when the crisis comes, knowledge economy is beneficial to reduce the negative impact of economic crisis, shortening the time of crisis, to promote rapid economic recovery.總之, 知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)將使經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的周期性明顯緩和, 危機(jī)的危害越來(lái)越少, 古典波動(dòng)周期趨于消失, 經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)之周期日益變?yōu)榻?jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)中的上下波動(dòng), 而且波動(dòng)的幅度越來(lái)越少, 可持續(xù)發(fā)展成為可能。但是, 我們也應(yīng)看到, 由于導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)周期波動(dòng)的主觀和客觀因素并未隨著知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的到來(lái)而消失, 經(jīng)濟(jì)周期現(xiàn)象還不可能從根本上根除。In short, the economic development of knowledge economy will make periodic significantly ease, crisis of the dangers of less and less, classical wave cycle tends to disappear, economic crisis cycle fluctuate in an increasingly into economic growth, and the width of fluctuation in less and less, the sustainable development become possible. But we also should see, because the result in the economic cycle fluctuation of the subjective and objective factors did not disappear with the arrival of knowledge economy, the economic cycle phenomenon also impossible fundamentally eradicate.definition of KBEsA commonly used definition of KBEs is that provided by the OECD in the mid-1990s, i.e. KBEs are economies which are directly based on the produc