外文翻譯范文 5VIP

外文翻譯范文外文翻譯范文 5 5 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 論文 外文參考文獻譯文及原文學(xué)院機械工程學(xué)院 專業(yè)機械設(shè)計制造及其自動化年級班別xx級 1 Dynamic simulatessimulation model this preciselythe continuous transitions of a runningelevator s state 2 Safety logic simulation model this simulates safety logic operations aordingto the continuoustransitions of an elevator s state By the integration of the dynamic simulation model 1 and the safety logic simulation model 2 we achievedthe evaluationof the elevator ssafety In thispaper we explainthis newsimulator andshow itseffectiveness byparing its resultswiththose ofexperiments 2 OUTLINE OFSAFETY SYSTEMEVALUATION SIMULATORFigure3shows theoutline of an elevatorsystem An elevatoris posedof a motor a safetygear a brake a sheave traction ropes a car a counter weight and soon A motorgenerates thetorque todrive A safetygear is a braking device whichstops a car in the emergency anda brake is a brakingdevice whichstops amotor inthe emergency A sheavetransmits thetorque of amotorto traction ropes Traction ropesconnect a car anda counter weight Passengers geton a car A counter weight is a weightto takebalance witha car An elevatoroperates aordingto thebination of these ponents Safety of anelevatoris securedby themovement of the braking devices inthe emergency The state transitionof braking devicesinfluences safetyof anelevator It is necessary tostructure asimulatorthatcan evaluatethe influence of a state transitionof acertain ponenton thewhole system Figure1shows theoutline of this newsimulator The simulatoris posedofadynamic simulation model anda safety logic simulation model The state transitions inthe dynamicsimulation model and the safety logicsimulation modelare describedas state transition models A state transitionmodelis asimulation modelthat uses a state transition diagram Figure2shows anoutline ofastatetransition diagram In astatetransitiondiagram there arestate modelsthat showdifferent states and conditionsthat changestates are described in each statemodel In the simulator the ponentswhich shownormal statesand abnormal states of anelevatoraredescribedby usingstatetransition models For an example anormal state ofa brakeis astate ofstanding by and anabnormal stateisastate ofbeing operated By couplingeach statetransitionofa ponent the influencethat acontinuoustransitionineach ponent givesto awhole system is appreciable In FigureI ponents A B and C are ponentsof anelevator They area tractionmachine a car ropes sheaves a governor and soon Equations ofanelevator s motionare formedby couplingof theeach ponent s motion We modeledthe dynamic characteristics foreachponentwhich shownormalstateand someabnormal state and theyform the conditions for the state transitions The state of eachponent ischanged when the statetransition conditions are met In the safetylogicsimulation model we describedsafety devicesas statetransitionmodels too We modeledeach safety device which shows the state ofwatching anabnormal stateand theoperating stateafter anabnormalstateis detected The modelsof safety devices formtheconditionsfor the statetransitions The transitionconditionsareset tocorrespond to the operationcondition of each safetydevice The modelsof safetydevices outputinstructions tooperate thebraking devices when the stateof the safetydevices changes The nextparagraph detailsthe modelingofadynamicsimulation model anda safetylogicsimulationmodel fortheelevatorshown in Figure3 An elevatoris posedofa mechanical systemand anelectrical system The dynamicsimulationmodelof the mechanical system is posedof thedynamic characteristicsof the ropes and soon The dynamicsimulationmodelof the electrical systemconsists of the motorcharacteristics and soon Safety logicsimulationmodelis posedof somesafety algorisms 3 SIMULATION MODELA Dynamic simulationmodel 1 Modeling of the mechanicalsystem Figure4shows thedynamic modelofanelevator s mechanicalsystem inthe normalstate Equations of the motions of eachponent whichshowthe normalstateandabnormal states can bechanged aordingto thestatetransitionsofeachponent As aresult we canprecisely simulatethecontinuoustransitionsof themechanicalsystem s dynamic characteristics As afirst example we explainthe modelingof thestatetransitionof tractionbetween the traction rope and the sheave The structureshown in Figure4changes whenslipping oursbetween the traction ropeand the sheave The conditionin which the ropedoesn t slipcan beexpressed byequation 1 where Fsis frictional force between the sheave and the rope isacoefficient offriction B is the angleof the rope s wrap T and幾are inthe portionofthe ropesituated at the sheave and I istheeither limitforces sideof of thetraction s ability 3 When equation 1 doesn t hold slipping oursbetweenthesheaveand the rope In turn FS which isshown inthe nextequation ours FS influencesthe behaviorof the car so thedynamic characteristicsof the rope aremodeled toauratelyevaluatethe tension In the simulator slipping isobserved by using equation 2 in whichtension isderived by the expansion1en多h of theropesituated ateither sideof thesheave When ropeslipping doesnot our the modelassumes that theropemoves inunison with thesheave When ropeslipping ours the modelshows theropeand thesheaveas separated and thefrictionalforcemutually shown in equation 2 is putinto effect The slippingstate s continuoustransition is modeled byassuming thecondition of theropeand thesheave immediatelybefore ropeslipping ours as witheach initialcondition of theropeand thesheave inthe slippingmodel The secondexample showsthe modelingof thestatetransitionwhenthetractionrope is broken The ropeismodeled by connectingthe spring characteristics andcertain masses as shownin Figure5 Also the brokenropeismodeled usingthe lackof springcharacteristics thatconnect thetwo masses As anexample atthetime therope breaks which isshownin Figure5 the tackof thesespringcharacteristicsis embodiedby switchingthe followingequations ofmotionsofm and m Before therope breaks In thissimulator the dynamicalcharacteristicsofbrakingdevices such asasafetygear andabrake are alsomodeled This meanswe canunderstand theinfluenceofbrakingdevicedelays andchanges inthe abilityofbrakingdevices aordingto time 2 Modeling ofthe electricalsystem Thedrive circuit ofthe motor and the controlcircuitofthe controller are illustratedon the simulatorinthe circuitblock chart One safetydevice blockscurrent supplyto the motor whenthe emergencystopping circuitis brokenand thecontrol ofthe motorstops aswell In thiscase thestatechange isexpressed inthesimulatorusing blockseparation Moreover the abnormalstates ofthemotorand thecontrolleraremodeled inthe simulationto becontinuously switched In thesimulator ponent oftheelectricalsystemisthestatetransition mechanicalmodeledbysystem ofeach and the usingastatetransition chart Figure6shows anoutline of this B Safety logicsimulationmodelIn thissection we explainthe safetylogicmodelofthe Smooth EmergencyTerminal Slowdown SETS system asanexample The SETS systemisan electronic safetydeviceapplied forelevators Applying electronic technology to the safetydevice foranelevatorhas beepossible withthe developmentofthistechnology inrecent years Because the current safetydevices ofelevators arebuilt withmechanical devices they arenot able to unifya plex safety algorithm However such aplex safetyalgorithm can be achievedby applyingelectronictechnologyto thesafetydeviceofanelevator As aresult various advantagescanbegained inelevator design However the plexityof safetyalgorithm makesthe evaluationof itsvalidity difficult Wedevelopedthe SETS system toachieve space saving inlow speed elevator The SETS system which detectsthe positionand the speed ofthe carby usinga sensor and whichusesaCPU todetect whetherthe overdesignated speed detection levelhas beenexceeded isabrand newelectronicsafetydevice Figure7shows threeover speed detectionlevels ofanelevatorequipped withthe SETSsystem A past a conventionallow speed elevatorwhich doesn t havethe SETSsystem detectover speed withamechanicalgovernor A mechanicalgovernor has only twoover speed detectionlevels whichare TrippingSpeed Level Vtr and Over Speed DetectionLevel Vos as showninFigure7 These twoover speed detectionlevels areconstant independentlyofthe position ofthe car Therefore the speed ofacar thatruns intoa bufferdue tosome abnormalitiesis notable tobe reduced and itisnecessaryto setup the buffer witha longstroke However the SETSsystem hasan over speed detectionlevel thatlowers asit approachesthe terminalsas showninFigure7 Therefore the speed ofacar withthe SETSsystem thatruns intothebufferdue tosome abnormalitiesis lowerthan the speedofacar without the SETSsystem As aresult because we can setup abuffer witha shortstroke wecansave thespace oftheelevatorshaft The positionandthespeedofacarare detected by usingan encoder installed ina governor When over speed isdetected the SETSsystem refusesthecurrentinput tothemotorand stopsthe carby operatingthe brake The modelingofthesafetylogicforthe SETSsystemis illustratedinFigure8 This isalso describedasastatetransitionmodel In thismodel the followingsteps aredescribed Step1 Calculation ofthespeedand positionofthecarwiththe inputfrom theencoderinstalledinthegovernor Step2 Calculation ofthe over speed detectionlevel usingthepositionofthecar Step3 Comparison betweenthespeedofthecar andthe over speed detectionlevel The stateis B usual continuousobservation if the over speed detectionlevel is higher than thecar speed However thestatechanges toA brake operationinstruction if thecarspeed ishigherthantheover speeddetectionlevel 4 EXPERIMENTS Weconducted experimentto confirmthe validityofthissimulator model The resultoftheexperiment waspared withthe simulationresult In Figure9 the distanceis regularized bytheslowing down length andthespeedisregularizedbythe ratedspeed The simulationresults showthe valuesdetectedbythe modeledgovernor encoder in towardthe bottomwhichthecar aeleratesoftheshaft dueto anabnormality theSETSsystem detectstheover speed running andthebrake stopsthetractionmachine In theexperiment to makea parisonwiththe simulation acarthat hadstopped wasaelerated tothe bottomfloor becauseit wasdifficult toaelerate thecar whileit wasrunning In Figure9 thesimulationresult correspondsquantitatively withthe experimentalresult fromabnormal aelerationtothepoint ofstopping Thus thesimulator was ableto simulatethe logic oftheSETSsystemandthestatetransitionofthedynamiharacteristi csoftheelevator aordingtotheoperation oftheSETSsystem s logic 5 CONCLUSION Wedevelopedasimulatortosimulatetheeffects ofthesafetylogicoperations We obtainedthefollowingconclusions simulation sresultwith byparing thean experiment 1 We confirmedthat thesimulator preciselyexpressed thedynamiharacteristicswhich weretranslated continuously Furthermore we clarifiedthat bytheoperationofthesafetylogic thedynamiharacteristics werechanged 2 We confirmedthatthesimulatorwasabletomodel theplexsafetylogicofanelevatorbyusingthestatetransition chart 3 We alsoconfirmed theeffectiveness ofthesimulatorfor quantitativelyevaluating theeffect ofthesafetysystem bytheintegrationofthedynamicsimulationmodelandthesafetylogi csimulationmodel REFERENCES ProceedingsPapers 1 Takahiro Masuda Kouji Okada Takenobu Honda and YoshikiSugiyama Vibration ofElevator Ropeand Carin Considerationof LongitudinalVibration ofHoist Rope Elevator Escalator andAmusement RidesConference 1997 17 20 2 Seiji Watanabe Takashi Yumura Hayashi and Developmentof EmergentBehavior ukihiro ElevatorThe10 h YoshikatsuTakigawa and LogisticsConference xxSimulatorforTransportation 109 112Journal Papers 3 Dr Eur lng andGina Barney Education和m 前的繩索斷裂 在這個仿真器 制動裝置 例如一個安全鉗和一個 的動態(tài)特性剎車 也為藍本 這意味著我們可以理解制動裝置的影響根據(jù)時間延遲和變化的制動 裝置的能力 2 電氣系統(tǒng)的建模電動機和控制器的控制電路的驅(qū)動電路示于模 擬電路塊圖表中 一種安全裝置 阻止電流供給到馬達時緊急停止電路被破壞和電動 機的控制停止為好 在這種情況下 的狀態(tài)變化表示在使用塊分離的模擬器 此外 該異常電動機和控制器的狀態(tài)進行建模以進行連續(xù)切換的仿 真 在模擬器中 電氣系統(tǒng)的組成部分是狀態(tài)過渡機械由每個系統(tǒng)建模 和使用的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變圖 圖6示出了這樣的一個輪廓 B 安全邏輯仿真模型在本節(jié)中 我們將介紹 平滑緊急終端放緩 套 的安全邏輯模型系統(tǒng)為例 套系統(tǒng)是應(yīng)用于電梯的電子安全裝置 應(yīng)用電子技術(shù)的電梯的安全裝置已經(jīng)成為可能與該技術(shù)在近幾年的 發(fā)展 因為電梯的當(dāng)前安全裝置都建有機械裝置 它們不能以統(tǒng)一一個復(fù) 雜的安全算法