專八改錯(cuò)技巧.ppt

詞法錯(cuò)誤 句法錯(cuò)誤 語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤 Proofreadinganderrorcorrection 詞法錯(cuò)誤 冠詞名詞代詞介詞及固定搭配形容詞和副詞的比較結(jié)構(gòu)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用詞混淆 1 三類常見(jiàn)冠詞錯(cuò)誤 a 冠詞誤用b 冠詞冗余c 冠詞缺失出現(xiàn)頻率較高 a 冠詞誤用09年真題Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifferencebetweenschoolloreandnurserylore thefurtherdifferenceafurtherdifference b 冠詞冗余2010真題Similarly wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos life The去掉theLanguage thelanguage c 冠詞缺失2007年真題Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions instinctivetolargeextent whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatarewhollyconventional tolargeextenttoalargeextent 2 名詞的數(shù) paper paperssafe safesglass glasseswood woodswork worksfather in law fathers in law近年 出現(xiàn)頻率較低 2004年真題Congressionalinvestigationsneverthelessrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakerstoinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterestsinnationalissues interests interest 3 兩類常見(jiàn)代詞錯(cuò)誤 a 代詞誤用b 代詞冗余出現(xiàn)頻率較高 a 代詞誤用2009Innurseryloreaverse learntinearlychildhood isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistenerhasgrownup andhaschildrenoftheirown orevengrandchildren Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears their his 2013 7 something anything 2013 8 b 代詞冗余2006Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomostcommonformsoftransmission bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans speech orbyvisualsigns writing it刪除 4 介詞及固定搭配 a 介詞誤用b 介詞冗余c 介詞缺失出現(xiàn)頻率極高 a 介詞誤用2008OthersfavoredtheadoptionofGreek though asonemanputit thingswouldcertainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglishandmadetheBritishlearnGreek Attheend aseveryoneknows thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolutionofcarryingthesamelanguageasbefore at in intheend a 介詞誤用2006TheEnglishspeakershasinhisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings inavarietyofstyles totheotherEnglishspeakers in at atone sdisposal a 介詞誤用2005Anduntiltheywerestoppedbytheantitrustauthorities theIvyLeagueschoolscolluded 密謀 tolimitcompetitionforthebeststudents byagreeingnottoawardscholarshiponthebasisofmeritratherthanpurelyofneed justlikebusinessfirmsagreeingnottogivediscountsontheirbestcustomer on to givediscountsto 2012 5 b 介詞冗余2010TheEnglishlanguagewillbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnowiftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionsasimportant as刪除 madesuchdistinctionsimportant 2011IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts 去掉in face面對(duì)faceup勇敢地面對(duì) c 介詞缺失2010Thatis everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay be后面加as2012 1 5 形容詞和副詞的比較結(jié)構(gòu) 主要為比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)誤用出現(xiàn)頻率較高2006Hisvocabulary inparticular boththatwhichheusesactivelyandthatwhichherecognizes increasesinsizeashegrowsoldasaresultofeducationandexperience old older 2003Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s AmericansmarriedatahighrateandatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts high higher 6 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 Insocialsituations theclassicIntentionMovementis thechair grasp 抓板凳 Hostandguesthavebeentalkingforsometime butnowthehosthasanappointmenttokeepandcangetaway can must 7 用詞混淆 a 詞義混淆b 詞性混用c 其他混淆 a 詞義混淆2010TheEskimos itissaid canspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecaninEnglish butthisisnotbecausetheEskimoslanguage oneofthosesometimesmis called primitive isinherently further much或者去掉 b 詞性混用2003Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s AmericansmarriedatahighrateandatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts Europe European c 其他混淆2010ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish ashowofunexpected primitiveness come bring bringtolight發(fā)現(xiàn) 揭露 詞法錯(cuò)誤 句法錯(cuò)誤 語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤 Proofreadinganderrorcorrection 句法錯(cuò)誤 1 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)2 主謂一致3 定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句4 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞5 It 句型6 虛擬語(yǔ)氣7 倒裝 1 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 出現(xiàn)頻率不高2002Webeginthe natural learningofpronunciationlongbeforewestartlearningtoreadorwrite andinourearlyyearswewentonunconsciouslyimitatingandpracticingthepronunciationofthosearoundusformanymorehourspereverydaythanweeverhavetospendlearningevenourdifficultEnglishspelling went go2012 4 2 主謂一致 出現(xiàn)頻率不高2006 theEnglishspeakerhasinhisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings inavarietyofstyles otheotherEnglishspeakers enables enable2013 7 3 定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句 一個(gè)?？汲Ｐ碌目键c(diǎn)注意點(diǎn) 1 定語(yǔ)從句分限定性和非限定性兩種2 關(guān)于that和which的區(qū)別 2008AtthesametimetheUnitedStatessplitofffromBritain forexample therewereproposalsthatindependenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofadifferentlanguagefromthoseofBritain time后面加上when 2007Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions instinctivetolargeextent whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatarewhollyconventional these those 2005Theriseintuitionmayreflectthefacteconomicuncertaintyincreasesthedemandforeducation fact后面加that 4 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種形式 todo 不定式doing 動(dòng)名詞done 分詞考試出現(xiàn)頻率極高 主要錯(cuò)誤 1 句子中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)2 動(dòng)名詞與不定式誤用3 分詞的誤用 接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 agree advise care choose consent decide determine desire expect fail happen hesitate hope learn manage offer prepare pretend promise propose refuse resolve want wish等接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 admit appreciate avoid complete consider deny detest dislike endure enjoy envy escape excuse fancy feellike finish forgive giveup goon can thelp imagine insiston involve keep keepon leaveoff mention mind miss postpone praise practise putoff quit recollect report resent resist risk stand stop suggest think understand等 2007Fromwhathasbeensaid itmustbeclearthatnoonecanmakeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliestrecordsofancientlanguageshowuslanguageinanewandemergingstate show showing 2006Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsandmeaningsaswellasagreeingconventionsastothewayinwhichwordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticularmessage agreeing agreed 5 It 句型 2010Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesorcultures butthatisanothermatter There It Grammarerrors 1 Asmilecanbeobserved described andreliablyidentify anditcanalsobeelicitedandmanipulatedunderexperimentalconditions 2 Amusicalgenius JohnCageisnotedforhishighlyunconventionalideas andherespectedforhisunusualcompositionsandperformances 3 Chocolateispreparedbyacomplexprocessofcleaning blendandroastingcocoabeans whichmustbegroundandmixedwithsugar 4 Severalmillionpointsonthehumanbodyregisterseithercold heat pain ortouch 5 Inthe1800 sstoreownerssoldeverythingfromaneedletoaplow trusteveryone andnevertookinventory 6 Humanbeingsaresocialanimalswhomusuallyprefernottoliveinphysicalorpsychologicalisolation 7 Itestimatedthatonlyaboutthirtypercentofourplanet ssurfaceconsistsofland 8 Iftelevisionhadbeeninventedathousandyearsago willnationsbesignificantlymorehomogeneousthantheyarenow 9 TheSt LawrenceSeaway whichrunsbetweenBritishColumbiaandNewYork hascompletedbytheUnitedStatesandCanadain1959 10 Filmdirectorscantakefargreatlibertiesindealingwithconceptsoftimeandspacethanstagedirectorscan 詞法錯(cuò)誤 句法錯(cuò)誤 語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤 Proofreadinganderrorcorrection 銜接錯(cuò)誤 語(yǔ)義錯(cuò)誤 語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤 1 銜接錯(cuò)誤2006Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomostcommonformsoftransmission bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans speech orbyvisualsigns writing or and 2004Mostcommitteehear