大學(xué) 英語b網(wǎng)考輔導(dǎo)_17-20.ppt

大學(xué)英語B網(wǎng)考輔導(dǎo) 語法精講與樣題分析 語法知識(shí)歸納 一 非謂語動(dòng)詞 二 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣 非謂語動(dòng)詞 非謂語動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)名詞 分詞 不定式 現(xiàn)在分詞 過去分詞 非謂語動(dòng)詞的三種形式 語法知識(shí)歸納 一 非謂語動(dòng)詞 1 哪些動(dòng)詞接不定式 哪些接動(dòng)名詞 哪些動(dòng)詞即可接不定式 又可接動(dòng)名詞 但是詞義不同 2 不定式 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)及其時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 3 不定式符號(hào)to的省略與否 4 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別 1 接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有 afford agree decide determine expect hope manage refuse offer pretend等 55 He toarrangealoanthroughafinancecompany test1 A triedB succeededC managedD endeavored c 考點(diǎn)分析 succeed in doingsth endeavortodosth表示 嘗試 試圖 而magagetodosth表示 設(shè)法做某事 2 不定式中的to是否省略 1 感官動(dòng)詞feel hear listento see lookat notice watch以及使役動(dòng)詞have let make等動(dòng)詞后 不定式不帶to 但是 當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí) 動(dòng)詞不定式要加上to 如 Mummakesmeeateggseveryday I mmadetoeateggseveryday bymum 2 不定式用作介詞but和except的賓語時(shí) 如果其前有do的某種形式 不定式不帶to 否則不定式要帶to 如 46 ThatwassoseriousamatterthatIhadnochoicebut thepolice test4 A calledinB callinginC callinD tocallin 49 Theytalkedinwhispers butstill Icouldn thelpbut theirconversation test5 A overhearB tooverhearC overhearingD overheard A D 注意 在but構(gòu)成的習(xí)慣用語中不帶to cannothelpbutdo 不得不 candonothingbutdo cannotchoosebutdo cannotdoanythingbutdo 只能做 3 在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞如 hadbetter wouldrather than之后不用to 動(dòng)詞help后 to可帶可不帶 3 下列動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組后只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語 1 admit appreciate avoid delay consider escape enjoy finish mind practise risk suggest 52 Idon tknowwhysheavoids hisopiniononthesubject Test3 A togiveB tobegivenC givingD beinggiven c 50 Hersun tannedfacesuggestedthatshe inexcellenthealth Test6 A beB isC wasD were c 2 can thelp can tstand giveup feellike putoff bebusy havedifficulty trouble in haveagood wonderful hardtime beusedto seeto beopposedto besentencedto admitto beusedto lookforwardto objectto payattentionto 46 Jeandidnothavetimetogototheconcertlastnightbecauseshewasbusy forherexam Test1 A toprepareB tobepreparedC preparingD beingprepared c 57 I goingtothedoctor butIwishIhadn t Test1 A pickoutB makeoutC giveoffD putoff d 46 Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers amatchwithoutastandardcourt Test6 A objectedtohavingB objectedtohaveC wereobjectedtohaveD wereobjectedtohaving a 4 1 下列動(dòng)詞或詞組后既可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語 也可以跟不定式作賓語 但意義上又區(qū)別 要特別注意 forget remember todosth忘記 記住去做某事 doingsth忘記 記住已做某事 53 IfIhadremembered thewindow thethiefwouldnothavegotin Test3 A tocloseB closingC tohaveclosedD havingclosed a stop todosth停下來接著做另一件事 doingsth停止做某事 try todosth努力 試圖做某事 doingsth嘗試著做某事 mean goon todosth意欲 想 企圖做某事 doingsth意味著做某事 todosth 做完某事 接著做另一件事 doingsth繼續(xù)做同一件事 goonwithsth 2 動(dòng)詞need require want和beworth need require want doing tobedone sb todosth Thewindowneeds requires wants cleaning tobecleaned beworth n doing Theplaceisworthvisiting 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)含義 5 分詞現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞 1 區(qū)別 掌握八個(gè)字 分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞 主動(dòng) 進(jìn)行 過去分詞 被動(dòng) 完成 2 過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式都可以表示被動(dòng)的意義 但各自的時(shí)間的概念不同 過去分詞表示動(dòng)作完成或已經(jīng)發(fā)生 而現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 還未完成 46 Airpollution thiscityisstillagoodplacetolivein Test3 A beinggreatlyreducedB greatlybeingreducedC togreatlyreduceD greatlytoreduce a 47 ManyAmericansworryaboutleisureandhurryfromoneactivitytothenext littletimetostopandthink Test3 A leaveB leavingC leftD toleave b 54 Cambridgehasannouncedplanstoestablishabusinessschool themaster sdegreeinthebusinessadministration Test3 A representingB offeringC presentingD supplying b 考點(diǎn)分析 represent的意思是 代表 offer意為 提供 present意為 提出 supply意為 供應(yīng) 53 suchagoodchance heplanedtolearnmore Test5 A GivingB HavinggivenC HavingbeengivenD Tobegiven c Ifhe suchagoodchance heplanedtolearnmore A wasgivingB hadgivenC hadbeengivenD wastogive 52 Havingbeenaskedtospeakattheconvention Test6 A somenoteswerepreparedforDr SmithB SmithpreparedsomenotesC TheconventionmemberswerepleasedtohearDr SmithD SomenoteswerepreparedbyDr Smith b 49 TheconcertusuallytakesplaceatthePeople sSquare withtheaudience ontheground Test1 A seatingB seatedC beseatingD toseat b 二 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣 一 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 重點(diǎn)掌握 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 完成時(shí) 的用法 1 must havedone 表示對(duì)過去的一種肯定的推測(cè) 意為 肯定 一定 2 may might havedone 用于肯定和否定句 表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的是事情的推測(cè) 相當(dāng)于 可能 大概 但不太肯定 3 should oughtto havedone 該結(jié)構(gòu)一般用于虛擬語氣 肯定句表過去沒有發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生的事 譯為 本應(yīng) 否定句表示過去發(fā)生了本不該發(fā)生的事 譯為 本不該 47 AlthoughJackmadeafoolishmistake we athim Test4 A oughttohavelaughedB oughtn ttohavelaughedC oughttolaughD shouldnottolaugh b 47 Fiveminutesearlier a wecouldhavecaughtthelasttrain A andB orC soD but c 5 needn t havedone 表示不必做的事卻做了 可譯為 其實(shí)不必 4 could not havedone 表過去的時(shí)間 說明某事可能 不可能 發(fā)生 肯定句表示某事過去本可以做但卻未做 否定句表示某事過去本來不應(yīng)該做但做了 二 虛擬語氣 1 虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中 2 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用 3 虛擬語氣用在asif asthough evenif eventhough 中 4 在Itis high time that 句型中 也需用虛擬語氣 從句中的動(dòng)詞用過去式 5 用于ifonly引導(dǎo)的句中 1 虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中 53 IfIhadremembered thewindow thethiefwouldnothavegotin Test3 A tocloseB closingC tohaveclosedD havingclosed a 50 Ifthewholeprogram beforehand agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost Test1 A wasnotplannedB werenotplannedC wouldnotbeplannedD hadnotbeenplanned d 2 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用 49 Wedesirethatthetourleader usimme diadatelyofanychangesinplan Test4 A informB informsC informedD hasinformed a 當(dāng)suggest propose desire advice等含有建議的意思時(shí) that從句習(xí)慣用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 50 Herwishwasthathe atBeijingUniver sityatonce Test5 A studiesB studiedC studyD willstudy c 考點(diǎn)分析 在wouldrather wouldprefer后的賓語從句中 需用虛擬語氣 其構(gòu)成為動(dòng)詞用過去式 49 Mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryou anythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntiltheyinves tigatethesituation Test6 A don tdoB didn tdoC wouldnotdoD do b 在Itis 形容詞或過去分詞或特定的名詞 that的主語從句中 形容詞有 advisable desirable essential impor tant necessary normal strange 過去分詞有 decided desired demanded ordered required suggested 特定的名詞有 advice decision desire demand suggestion wish proposal idea 48 Thisisverydifficultoperation Itisessentialthatyou foremergency Test6 A aretobepreparedB wouldpreparedC bepreparedD mustbeprepared c 3 虛擬語氣用在asif asthough evenif eventhough 中 54 Determinedto asifeverythingwerenormal herespondedwithakindofindifference Test1 A carryonB accountforC bringupD getthr