六級翻譯預測.doc

九寨溝的山水風光，縱有萬麗千奇，一旦離開原始的自然美，就一切都沒有了?！彼麄兊囊娊馐蔷俚?。當你步入溝中，便可見樹正群海蕩漾生輝，瀑布舒灑碧玉。一到金秋，滿山楓葉絳紅。盛夏，湖山幽翠。仲春，樹綠花艷四時都呈現出它的天然原始，寧靜幽深。All the beauty of Jiuzhaigou is endowed by nature. If the natural charm were removed, there would be no more of Jiuzhaigou.Mystic lakes and sparkling waterfalls captivate your eyes as you enter the ravine.The trees are their greenest in spring when intensified by colorful flowers.In summer, warm tints spread over the hills and lakelands.As summer merges into autumn, the maple trees turn fiery-red, splashing color through the thickly forested hills. Tranquility pervades primitive Jiuzhaigou throughout the year.幾千年的中國文化充實著中國夢，同時，過去三十幾年的改革開放也激勵著中國夢。中國夢最顯著的特征是包容性和雙贏合作。這些也是使中國夢擴大它的全球影響范圍和被其他國家的人民認可的基本特征。中國夢是民族復興的夢。它是建設一個強大繁榮的國家，給中國人民帶來幸福生活的夢。中國夢需要維持穩(wěn)定健康的經濟發(fā)展，科學管理社會，以及有效應對外部發(fā)展的風險和挑戰(zhàn)。The Chinese dream has been enriched by thousands of years of Chinese culture and inspired among other things by the past three decades of reform and opening-up. The most noticeable features of the Chinese dream include inclusiveness and win-win cooperation. These are the very features that will enable the Chinese dream to expand its global reach and be recognized by people of other nations. The Chinese dream is the dream of national rejuvenation. It is the dream of building a powerful and prosperous state, a dream of bringing happiness in the lives of the Chinese people. It entails sustaining steady and healthy economic growth, scientifically managing the Chinese society, and effectively responding to the risks and challenges of external development.然而，很少有人從書中去了解讀書可以給與我們什么東西。通常，我們在讀書時思路不清，心懷抵觸，要求小說應該真實，要求詩歌應該虛假，要求傳記應該吹捧，要求史書應該執(zhí)行我們的各種偏見。如果讀書能夠摒除所有這些先人之見，那將是值得贊賞的開始。Yet few people know what books can give us.Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds,asking of fiction that it shall be true,of poetry that it shall be false,of biography that it shall be flattering,of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices.If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read,that would be an admirable beginning.科學和自然界中一切存在的事物和發(fā)生的現象的特點和過程有關?？茖W包括整個自然界，它精辟地闡述了人類關于各種自然現象是如何彼此聯系并如何構成我們所說的宇宙的種種概念的?？茖W有許多特性，要了解科學是什么，就得詳細地考察一下這些性能和特點。有一些作者斷言說科學實際上只是一種方法科學的方法。這樣的定義是過于簡單化了。但是科學方法在決定科學知識的性質方面肯定起著重要的作用Science is related to all the existing things and thecharacteristics and process of the phenomenahappening in nature.Science contains the wholenature,which develpos various penetrating viewsabout human beings conceptions that how variousnatural phenomena are related together and how they constitute our so-called universe.Science has many characteristics.We have to inspect those functions and characteristics indetail if we want to know what the science is.Some authors assert that science in fact is a kindof method-scientific method.This definition is over simplified.But obviously the scientificmethod plays an important role in deciding the nature of the scientific knowledge.我一向沒有對于任何問題作高深研究的野心,因之所買的書范圍較廣,各方面差不多都有一點。最多的是各國文學名著的譯本,與本國古來的詩文集,別的門類只是些概論等類的入門書而已。我不喜歡向別人或圖書館借書。借來的書,在我好像過不來癮似的,非得是自己買的才滿足。這也可謂是一種占有的欲望。I do not always have ambitions to do advanced studies on any topic, thus the books I bought cover a wide range of subjects, and every subject is covered a little. Most of my books are the translated version of the world literature works and the Chinese collections of poem. Others are introductions and primers. I dont like to borrow books from other people or library. Those borrowed books couldnt satisfy me, except for those I bought. This can be seemed as a desire to own something.切勿對作者頤指氣使，努力去適應他。要與他合作，合伙創(chuàng)作。如果從一開始就躊躇不前，甚至橫加批評，你只會阻礙自己從所讀書籍中獲取最大的價值，相反，如果你盡可能敞開心扉，你就能從最初語句中的曲折起伏捕捉到幾乎難以察覺到的信號和暗示，從而直面一位不同尋常的人。Do not dictate to your author,try to become him.Be his fellow-worker and accomplice.If you hang back,and reserve and criticize at first,you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read.But if you open your mind as widely as possible,then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness,from the twist and turn of the first sentences,will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other.紅樓夢問世二百年以來,通過漢文原文和各種譯文讀過此書的人,不知有多少億!這么多的讀者哪一個是先看批評家的文章,然而再讓批評家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無僅有的。一切文學作品,特別是象紅樓夢這樣偉大的作品,內容異常地豐富,涉及到的社會層面異常地多,簡直象是一個寶山，一座迷宮。而讀者群就更加復雜，他們來讀紅樓夢，會各就自己的特點，欣賞該書中的某一個方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發(fā)，引起了喜愛;也可能受到打擊，引起了憎惡。總之是千差萬別。Ever since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages. Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none. All literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve diverse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth. And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background. They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own individuality. They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it. In short, the reactions vary.靈隱寺(Lingyin Temple)位于浙江省杭州市西湖的西北部。它是 江南著名古剎。該寺建于公元326年，有1600多年的歷史。傳說, 印度一個叫作慧理的和尚來到杭州，被這美麗的山區(qū)景色深深地吸 引了。他認為這里有神佛，所以建了一座廟宇，取名“靈隱”，意思 是隱藏的靈魂。據說著名的濟公和尚也是在這座寺廟皈依的，這使 靈隱寺更加有名。Lingyin Temple is located in the northwest side of West Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. It is a famous ancient temple in the south of the Yangtze River. The temple was built in 326 AD and has a history of over 1,600 years. Legend has it that an Indian monk named Huili came to Hangzhou and was deeply attracted by the beautiful mountainous scenery. He thought there lived immortals and then he built a temple and named it “Lingyin”，which means hidden souls. It is said that the famous monk Jigong also took vows in the temple, which made Lingyin Temple even more famous.少林功夫(Shaolin Kungfii)是河南登封少林寺信奉佛教文化的和 尚們練習的_種武術(martial arts)。少林寺，建于北魏(the Northern Wei Dynasty)太和期(Taihe Period)十九年，是少林功夫發(fā)展的文化 空間。少林功夫最初是佛教僧侶練習的，他們的職責是保護寺廟。 現在經過1500多年的發(fā)展，少林功夫已逐步發(fā)展成為一種完美技術 和豐富含義相融合的藝術，在全世界享有聲譽。Shaolin Kungfu is a kind of martial arts practiced by monks under the special Buddhist culture of the Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng City, Henan Province. The Shaolin Temple, built in the Nineteenth year of Taihe Period during the Northern Wei Dynasty, is a cultural space for the development of the Shaolin Kungfu. The Shaolin Kungfii, which is originally practiced by the Buddhist monks whose duties were to protect the temple, has been gradually developed into an art of perfect technology, abundant meanings and high reputation in the whole world after more than 1500 years of development.中國一個幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個 民族都有其獨特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳 統、民族風俗和其他因素的影響下經過悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經成形。 最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系， 這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣 的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長處。China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.聯合國下屬機構世界旅游組織(World Tourism Organization)公 布的數據顯示，中國游客對全球旅游業(yè)的貢獻最大。中國人去年花 在出境游上的支出膨脹至1020億美元，同2011年相比增長了 40%。 聯合國世界旅游組織在其網站上發(fā)布的一份聲明中說，這一增幅令 中國迅速超越德國和美國。后兩者在之前是出境游支出最高的兩個 國家。2012年德美兩國出境旅游支出均同比增長6%,約840億美元。The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S. the former No. 1 and No. 2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.茶馬古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)兩邊，生活著20多個少數 民族。不同的地方有著各自美麗而神奇的自然風景和傳統文化，比 如:大理，麗江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅魯藏布江大峽谷和布 達拉宮(Potala Palace)。古道的兩旁有廟宇、巖石壁畫、騷站(post house),古橋和木板路，還有少數民族舞蹈和民族服裝。時至今天， 雖然這條古道的蹤跡都消失了，但它的文化和歷史價值仍然存在。Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities. Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads. It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.現代人類約公元前50000年第一次從中亞或印度來到中國。這些石器時代(Stone Age)的人，居住在洞穴中，穿著毛皮。公元前 4000年左右，這些人開始種植水稻，并飼養(yǎng)羊和雞。約公元前3000年， 他們開始使用陶器(pottery)并住在房子里。到公元前2000年，中國 人已進入青銅時代(Bronze Age)，并開始用于寫字。約公元前700年，中國的金屬工人學會制作鐵器工具和武器。Modem humans first came to China from Central Asia or India about 50,000 BC. These were Stone Age people, who lived in caves and wore fur and leather. By around 4,000 BC, these people were starting to farm rice and keep sheep and chickens. By about 3,000 BC, they were using pottery and living in houses. By 2,000 BC，Chinese people had entered the Bronze Age and had begun to use writing. By about 700 BC， Chinese metal-workers learned to make iron tools and weapons.目前，全球變暖是一個熱門話題，但是有關全球變暖的各項證 據似乎還有些不同的聲音。人們現在已經知道，地球的發(fā)展經歷了 很多周期(cycle),盡管在歷史上還未出現過像今天這樣的時代，即 高度工業(yè)化(industrialization)產生如此多的污染。全球變暖主要是由 于二氧化碳氣體(carbon dioxide)的增多。Global warming is the hot topic around the world at this time but, there is also dissention about the evidence being presented to support the argument. The earth is known to go through cycles; although the past has never produced an age of so much industrialization causing the pollution currently being experienced. A major source of the problem is the increase in carbon dioxide levels.中國城市化(urbanization)將會充分釋放潛在內需(domestic demand)。一些經濟學家指出，在中國幾乎所有的發(fā)展中城市都面臨 著城市化的進程。這使得許多人的生活水平有所提高，也為人們提 供更多的就業(yè)機會。隨著越來越多的人向城市遷徙，住房及城市基 礎設施建設(infrastructure construction),包括水源等能源的供應將會 成為城市發(fā)展的焦點問題。商品與服務的自由、快速流通是城市化 社會的一項基本特征。逐漸擴張的城市需要更多的零售店來滿足消費者的需求。Chinas urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand. Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure, including water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban development as more people migrate to cities. Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation. The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Ex-panding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.京劇(Beijing Opera)是中國的國粹。作為一門古老的藝術，京 劇的服裝(costume)、臉譜(facial mask)更易被人喜愛。不同的服裝 類型反映不同的人物身份特征。富貴者的服裝綴滿精美的刺繡;窮困 者的服裝則簡單樸素，少有裝飾(elemental)。臉譜是京劇中塑造人物 形象的重要手段，它是用不同的顏色在臉上勾畫出來的。臉譜的顏 色讓人一看便知角色(portray)的善惡。比如白色代表奸詐(treachery)， 黑色代表正直不阿，黃色是驍勇，藍、綠色多用于綠林好漢(rebellious fighters)，金、銀色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character. People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.泰山泰山稱東岳，以“五岳獨尊”的盛名享譽古今。按照“五行學說”，東方屬木，主生發(fā)，有生命之源、萬物之本的含義。這就是古代帝王通常在自己登基或晚年時到泰山封禪祭拜的原因。泰山拔地通天，氣勢磅礴，漢語又有“穩(wěn)如泰山”、“重于泰山”之說。1987年，聯合國教科文組織將泰山列為世界自然與文化遺產。五岳獨尊 the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains享譽 have a great reputation 五行學說 the theory of five elements生發(fā) liveliness登基 be crowned 封禪祭拜 make pilgrimages to 宣布 proclaim生命之源、萬物之本 a place where nature regulated and adjusted its procedures穩(wěn)如泰山 as firm as Mount Tai重于泰山 as weighty as Mount TaiMount Tai, called “East Yue”, has a great reputation for the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains. According to the theory of five elements, the East belongs to mu, which means liveliness. Therefore, the East is a place where nature regulated and adjusted its procedures. This explains why important emperors made pilgrimages mostly to Mount Tai when they were crowned or in their later years. It is a symbol of loftiness and might, hence, there are the Chinese idioms: “as firm as Mount Tai” and “as weighty as Mount Tai”. Mount Tai was proclaimed world natural and cultural heritage by UNESCO in 1987.每年4月4日到6日左右的清明節(jié)是傳統的掃墓的日子。在這一天，人們祭悼去世的親人，到先人的墳頭上掃墓。唐朝著名詩人杜牧有一首著名的詩，描述了四月初令人傷感的一幕場景：“清明時節(jié)雨紛紛，路上行人欲斷魂?！迸c清明節(jié)掃墓的悲哀相反，人們在這個日子懷揣著春的希望。清明時節(jié)，陽光明媚，樹木和小草吐綠，大自然生機盎然。從古代起，人們就去春游。清明時節(jié)，游客遍地。如今，清明節(jié)是中國大陸的法定假日。掃墓 tomb-sweeping去世 depart與相反 in contrast to 春游 Spring outing法定假日 statutory public holiday 清明時節(jié)雨紛紛，路上行人欲斷魂。Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go.The Qingming Festival, the traditional tomb-sweeping day, falls on April 4-6 each year. It is a time for remembering loved ones who departed. People visit their ancestors graves to sweep away the dirt. A well-known poem by the Tang Dynasty Du Mu tells of a sad scene in early April: “Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go.” In contrast to the sadness of the tomb-sweeping, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day. The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively. Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outing. At this time tourists are everywhere. Today, the Qingming Festival is a statutory public holiday in mainland China.中國新年是中國最重要的傳統節(jié)日，在中國也被稱為春節(jié)。新年的慶?；顒訌某﹂_始一直延續(xù)到元宵節(jié)，即從農歷最后一個月的最后一天至新年第一個月的第十五天。各地歡度春節(jié)的習俗和傳統有很大差異，但通常每個家庭都會在除夕夜團聚，一起吃年夜飯。為驅厄運、迎好運，家家戶戶都會進行大掃除。人們還會在門上粘貼紅色的對聯，對聯的主題為健康、發(fā)財和好運。其他的活動還有放鞭炮、發(fā)紅包和探訪親友等。除夕 Chinese New Years Eve元宵節(jié) the Lantern Festival農歷 lunar calendar年夜飯 annual reunion dinner驅厄運 sweep away ill fortune迎好運 bring in good luck大掃除 thoroughly clean the house對聯 couplets放鞭炮 light firecrackers發(fā)紅包 give money in red envelopesChinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese festival. In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Years Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, New Years Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.從某種意義上說，漢語是一種很古老的語言，其最早的漢字已有近四千年的歷史了。漢字在其漫長的發(fā)展史中演化成許多不同的書寫形式，例如篆書、隸書、楷書和行書。中國書法家往往使?jié)h字的字形夸張以取得藝術效果，例如旅游勝地的一些石刻碑文。中國書法是一門研究藝術，隨著各位學習興趣的提高，我們將適時介紹中國書法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國書法的藝術性。從某種意義上說 in a sense漢字 Chinese character演化 evolve書寫形式 script form篆書 Seal script隸書 Clerical script楷書 Regular script行書 Running script書法家 calligrapher致使 render取得 yield旅游勝地 tourist resort石刻碑文 stone inscription適時 in due time欣賞 appreciateIn a sense, Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago. During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Seal script, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script. Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts. Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study. As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.每年農歷的正月十五日，迎來的是中國的傳統節(jié)日元宵節(jié)。元宵節(jié)主要的活動就是看燈。漢朝時期，佛教盛行。明帝聽說佛教有正月十五日僧人觀佛舍利點燈敬佛的做法，就命令這一天夜晚在皇宮和寺廟里點燈敬佛。以后這種佛教禮儀逐漸形成民間盛大的節(jié)日。各式各樣美麗的花燈在這一天都會被懸掛,從而吸引了無數游客。猜燈謎也是元宵節(jié)的一項重要活動，花燈的主人會將謎面寫在紙上，然后貼在燈籠上，將燈籠掛在門口。如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的禮物。看燈 watching lanterns漢朝 the Han Dynasty佛教 Buddhism明帝 Emperor Ming 敬佛 worship Buddha皇宮 imperial palace禮儀 ritual盛大的 grand無數的 countless猜燈謎 Guessing lantern riddles貼 paste【精彩譯文】The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. Watching lanterns is this days important activity. Throughout the Han Dynasty, Buddhism flourished in China. Emperor Ming heard that Buddhist monks would watch sarira and light lanterns to worship Buddha on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. Therefore, he commanded to light lanterns in the imperial palace and temples to show respect to Buddha on this d