【強(qiáng)烈推薦】英語試題同步練習(xí)題考試題教案初三英語短.doc

陽光家教網(wǎng) 全國最大家教平臺(tái) 初三英語短文填空（五）短文填空題的命題特點(diǎn)短文填空是陜西省、重慶市、武漢市、黃岡市、福州市等省、市近兩年才創(chuàng)設(shè)的一種新題型。這種題型通常有四種形式：1、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞，讓考生根據(jù)上下文填上所缺的單詞。2、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞，但給出這些單詞的第一個(gè)字母，讓考生根據(jù)短文的上下文的意思和所給的提示字母，天上所缺的單詞。3、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞，同時(shí)在一個(gè)方框內(nèi)給出一些單詞，讓考生根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，把這些單詞填入空白處，使文章正確、通順。4、給出一篇難易適中的短文，中間去掉幾個(gè)單詞或短語，同時(shí)給出這些單詞或短語的漢語意思，讓考生根據(jù)短文的上下文和所給漢語的提示，填上適當(dāng)?shù)貑卧~或短語。陜西省的短文填空題采用的基本上是第四種形式。這種題型考查的是考生的整體閱讀能力、基礎(chǔ)語法的運(yùn)用能力和書面表述能力，特別是單詞和短語的拼寫能力。它是介于閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)之間的一種題型。陜西省中考英語題中的短文填空題又有什麼具體特點(diǎn)呢？1、從文體上看，議論文和敘事文為主。2002年陜西省的短文填空題所給的短文是一篇論說文，論說的主題是：只有母親的愛是真正的愛。2003年的中考說明樣題所給的短文是一篇敘事文。講述的是圣誕節(jié)的情況。2003年的中考題中的短文填空題也是一篇敘事文。講述的是主題是因特網(wǎng)的歷史。2、從填空的內(nèi)容上看，以詞組和短語為主。2002年短文填空題共有10個(gè)空，其中6個(gè)空填的是詞組和短語。2003年中考說明中短文填空題共有10個(gè)空，其中7個(gè)空填的是詞組和短語。2003年中考題中的短文填空題共有10個(gè)空，其中5個(gè)空填的是詞組和短語。也就是說短文填空題要填的詞組和短語總體上保持在5-7個(gè)。3、從考查的范圍上看，以英語的一些特殊用法為主。2002年的短文填空題考到了enough作副詞，放在被修飾詞之后的用法，考到了“with+名詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語的用法。2003年終考說明中的短文填空題又一次出現(xiàn)了“with+名詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語用法。2003年中考題的短文填空題考查了something wrong這樣的形容詞后置的特殊用法。4、從所留的空白上看，以給出漢語提示為主。2003年中考說明的短文填空題共留出10個(gè)空白，其中8處給出了漢語提示，2處沒有任何提示。2003年中考的短文填空題同樣是10個(gè)空白，全部給出了漢語提示。二、短文填空題的解題技巧 做好短文填空題要求考生具備堅(jiān)實(shí)的語法基礎(chǔ)，理解文章大意和主旨的能力，牢固掌握英語的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配，熟記英語單詞的拼寫。做短文填空可以從以下幾個(gè)方面著手：1、從語法方面考慮短文填空題所涉及的語法內(nèi)容通常包括：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)、主謂一致、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、介詞和連詞的選用等。例如2003年中考的短文填空題的第一個(gè)空：“Most of us 1 (忙于)talking about and using the Internet every day.” 在這里，用英語表示“忙于”不僅要用busy, busy之前還要加be, 而be還要和主語most of us保持一致，變成are。2、從習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配方面考慮如上所說，陜西省的短文填空以詞組和短語為主，而詞組和短語必然會(huì)涉及到很多習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配。例如2003年中考說明短文填空的第8個(gè)空：“ 8 （在圣誕夜）children are very happy.” 用英語表示“在圣誕夜”必須用On Christmas Eve。因?yàn)樵凇澳骋惶斓耐砩稀绷?xí)慣上用介詞on。3、從上下文的結(jié)構(gòu)方面考慮有的空白必須根據(jù)上下文的結(jié)構(gòu)才能判斷應(yīng)該填什麼樣的單詞或短語。例如2003年考試說明短文填空的第9個(gè)空：They put their stocking at the end of their beds 9 their parents can put presents in them.從上下文文我們可以看出，他們把他們的長筒襪放在床頭上是為了讓他們的父母親能夠把禮物放在里面。以此判斷，后面的句子應(yīng)是一個(gè)目的狀語從句。因此，應(yīng)填so that。三、短文填空題的實(shí)例分析（2003，陜西省）V. 短文填空：（共10空，計(jì)10分。單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤不給分，短語中單詞大小寫、拼寫錯(cuò)誤扣0.5分）根據(jù)上下文和括號(hào)里的漢語提示，在下面短文的空白處寫出正確的單詞或詞組。使短文意思完整，語句連貫。Most of us 1 (忙于)talking about and using the Internet every day, but how many of us know the 2 （歷史）of the Internet? Many people are 3 (驚訝)when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 4 (那時(shí))，computers were large and 5 (貴的). Computer networks didnt work 6 (好). If there was 7 (出故障)with one computer in the network, the whole network stopped, so a network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many 8 (不同的)kinds of computers. If 9 (任何部分)of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. 10 (用這種方法), computer network system would keep on working all the time.1. are busy。漢語提示應(yīng)填“忙于”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，所填的詞或短語在句中作謂語，英語應(yīng)為be busy。句子的主語是most of us, 謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Be busy應(yīng)變?yōu)閍re busy。2. history。漢語提示為“歷史”，在定冠詞之后應(yīng)為名詞。3. surprised。漢語提示為“驚訝”，在句中作表語，句子的主語是人，人感到驚訝，應(yīng)用過去分詞surprised。4. At that time。漢語提示為“那時(shí)”，其真正意思是“在那個(gè)時(shí)候”，又因?yàn)檫@個(gè)短語在句首，第一個(gè)字母應(yīng)大寫，相應(yīng)的英語短語應(yīng)是At that time。5. expensive/dear。漢語提示為“貴的”。因?yàn)樵诰渲凶鞅碚Z，應(yīng)用形容詞expensive/dear。6. well。漢語提示為“好”，在句中作狀語，因此用well表示。7. something wrong。漢語提示為“出故障”，英語表示“某個(gè)東西出了故障”常常用There was something wrong with sth.這個(gè)句型。8. different。漢語提示為“不同的”，其形容詞形式是different。9. any part。漢語提示為“任何部分”，相應(yīng)的英語表達(dá)應(yīng)是any part。10. In this way。漢語提示為“用這種方法”，又因?yàn)檫@個(gè)短語在句首，第一個(gè)字母大寫。所以其英語表達(dá)應(yīng)是In this way。能級(jí)演練 1Most of American businesses are open five days a week. American school children attend school five days a week as well. American families usually have a 1 （兩天）weekend. The weekend is Saturday and Sunday. Over the weekend people spend their time 2 (以許多不同的方式) . Many families enjoy weekends 3 (一起) . They may go shopping, go for a drive or visit friends. They may also invite friends over and 4 (聚會(huì)) at home. Many American families participate（參加）in sports during the weekend. 5 (跑步), biking, playing volleyball and swimming 6 (流行)in summer. Skiing and skating are the 7 (最喜愛的) winter sports. Weekends are also a time for American families to work on something in their yards or in 8 (他們的) houses. Many families plant flowers and have vegetable gardens. Some families use the weekends 9 （粉刷）or repair their houses. 10 (對(duì)大部分美國人來說), weekends are very busy.1. two-day 2. in many different ways 3. together 4. have a party 5. Running 6. are popular 7. favourite 8. their 9. to paint 10. For most Americans 2 Perhaps more than any other people, Americans have come to depend on their cars. The family car 1 (一直是) a common thing 2 (從以來) the early twentieth century, and it has changed American life. Many people have moved 3 (外面) of the large cities to the suburbs. Some Americans spend 4 (每天兩小時(shí)) or more in their cars 5 (去上班) and home again. Cars have become the 6 (工具) of transportation for most Americans going shopping, and even going on vacations. Americans 7 (過去常常) like big cars, and gasoline used to be very inexpensive. Recently, 8 （然而）, the cost of gasoline has increased, smaller cars have become 9 （更常見）. Also foreign cars have become very common. Americans have bought 10 （大量的）Japanese and German cars. They have bought cars from several other countries as well.1. has been 2. since 3. outside 4. two hours a day 5. going to work 6. means 7. used to 8. however 9. more common 10. large numbers of 3 In American high school 1 (大多數(shù)) students take English, science, math and history. 2 (在英語課堂上) , the students study grammar and read famous literature. In science class, they study biology, chemistry or physics. History is 3 (更有趣) to some students because they learn about important events and places 4 (在美國) . Students take 5 （其它） courses, too. These are electives. Some study 6 （音樂）because they feel it is more enjoyable. Some study 7 （計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)）because they 8 (認(rèn)為)it is more practical. 9 （在各自課堂上） , teachers give students exams. Some exams are more difficult than others, but a good student can always do 10 （好）.1. most 2. In English class 3. more interesting 4. in the United States 5.other 6. music 7. computer science 8. think 9. In each class 10. well 4 One kind of vacation that many Americans enjoy is camping. Each summer 1 (數(shù)百萬的) Americans drive to the countryside where they find places 2 （野營）. The national parks, many of which are 3 (在山里) , are favourite camping places. Campers enjoy the 4 （新鮮空氣）, the lakes and the forests which they find in these parks. Campers hike, swim and fish. They can also find 5 （許多種）animals and plants in the parks. Mostly campers have trailers which they drive or pull behind their cars to their campsites. Trailers are like houses 6 （在輪子上）. They have many conveniences which people have in their homes, 7（例如） electricity and hot water. But 8 （大多數(shù)） campers dont have trailers. They camp in tents which they 9 （搭起）in their campsites. Campers in tents dont have the conveniences that campers in trailers have. Tent campers enjoy 10 (一種簡單的生活) .1. millions of 2. to camp 3. in the mountains 4. fresh air 5. many kinds of6. on wheels 7. such as 8. most 9. set up 10. a very simple life 5 Farm Life in the United States All big cities are quite similar. Living in a modern Asian city is not very 1 （不同於）living in an American city. The same cannot be said about living 2 （在農(nóng)場上）, however. In many parts of the world, farmers and their families live 3 (在村莊和城鎮(zhèn)里). In the United States, however, each farm family lives on its own fields, often beyond the sight of any neighbors. 4 （不用） traveling from a village to the fields every morning, American farmers stay 5 （在他們的土地上）throughout the week. They travel to the nearest town 6 （在星期六）for shopping or on Sundays for church. The children ride on buses to large schools which serve 7 (所有的農(nóng)場家庭) living in the area. In some areas, there are small schools serving a few farm families, and the children walk to school. 8 （當(dāng)然）life keeps changing for everyone, including farmers. Today there are cars, good roads, radios, and television sets. And of course there are modern machines for farming. All of these have changed farm life. For many years, however, farming in America was often a lonely way of living. Farmers 9 （不得不）deal with their own problems, instead of getting help from others. They 10 （學(xué)會(huì)）to try new methods, and to trust their own ideas instead of following older ways.1. different from 2. on farms 3. in villages or towns 4. Instead of 5. on their land 6. on Saturdays 7. all of the farm families 8. Of course 9. had to10. learned 6He was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on January 15,1929. He was black. He lived 1 （僅僅）thirty-nine years, but he became world-famous in that short time. He 2 (長大) in the southeastern part of the United States. He studied at Morehouse College where he met many outstanding men whose ideas he found important and exciting. There he read the writings of Thoreau, which gave him many ideas 3 (關(guān)于自由) . After he graduated from Morehouse, he 4 (接著) to study at the University of Pennsylvania, Harvard University, and Boston University. At Boston University, he met his wife, Coretta. 5 （1954）, after he got his Ph.D.degree, he became the minister of a small church 6 （南方的） . There he became the leader of the black people, who were poor and without power. He gave speeches and led marches. For his ideas and actions, he went to jail 7 （一段時(shí)間）. 8 (許多年以后), in Washington, D.C., he spoke to a crowd of 250,000 people. He told them, “I have a dream.” That speech is still 9 (著名). In 1964 he won the Nobel Peace Prize. His work was not 10(結(jié)束) when he died on April 4, 1968. Who was he? He was Martin Luther King.1. only 2. grew up 3. about freedom 4. went on 5. In 1954 6. in the south 7. for a short time 8. Many years later 9. famous 10. finished 7Dear Mr. Costa,Im sorry it has taken me so long to write. Ive been very busy with work and school, but Ive 1 （想起）you often.Howve you been lately? Did you have a good Christmas and New Years? Mac says youve been working hard at the restaurant and that business is very good. What 2 (別的) have you been doing?I had a short but good vacation. Mac and I went to Chicago for 3 (幾天)before Christmas, but I 4 (不得不) come back and work between Christmas and New Years (including Christmas Day and New Years Eve)! 5 （每次）something like that 6 （發(fā)生）I wonder if I really want to work in the hotel business.The other day I was thinking about the fun we used to have 7 (在我們英語課堂上). I havent seen many of our classmates since the course was over. 8 （事實(shí)上）, the only one I see very often is Tomiko. Id really like to get in touch with Franco. Does he 9 (曾經(jīng)) write to you? If so, could you please send me his address?Well, Mac and I are going skating and he 10 （在等我）, so I guess Id better say goodbye now. Write as soon as you can. Love, Maria1. thought about 2. else 3. a few days 4. had to 5. Every time 6. happens7. in our English class 8. In fact 9. ever 10. is waiting for me 8The weather in Britain changes very quickly. One day may be fine and 1 (第二天)may be wet. The morning may be warm and the evening may be cool. You may 2 （上床睡覺）with the stars shinning brightly, and 3 （醒來）with rain falling heavily. This is what we mean when we say that the weather is very “changeable”.In some parts of the world you can be quite 4 （確信）what the weather is going to be like. You can make your plans for the next day or even for the next week, knowing exactly what sort of weather to expect. It is 5 （困難得多）to do this in Britain. It may be fine today and you may arrange(安排)to go to the countryside tomorrow. But when tomorrow 6 (到來) you may find that you have to give it up because it is too wet. Making plans for activities(活動(dòng))out of doors in Britain is therefore rather difficult.People 7 (談?wù)? the weather more in Britain than in most parts of the world. When two Englishmen are introduced to 8 （互相）, if they cant think anything else to talk about, they talk about weather. The weather is considered a safe topic of conversation(談話). If you do not know each other 9 (足夠好) to talk about personal matters, you can at least sound friendly by talking about the weather. When people meet in the street and they have 10 （沒有時(shí)間）to stop and talk, they will often say something about the weather as they pass, just to show their friendliness.1. the next day 2. go to bed 3. wake up 4. sure 5. much more difficult 6. comes 7. talk about 8. each other 9. well enough 10. no time 9Some people say they have an answer to the problems of car crowding and pollution(污染). In many cities, 1 （數(shù)百人）people ride bikes to work 2 (每天). In New York City, some bike riders have even founded a group(團(tuán)體): Bike for a Better City. They say if more people rode bikes to work, there would be fewer cars and 3 (較少的) dirty air.4 （許多年來）this group has tried to get help for bike riders. They want to have special(專用的)roads for bikes only, because when bike riders 5 (必須) use the same roads beside cars, there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City feels if there were bike roads, more people would use bikes.But no bike roads have been ready yet. Not 6 （每個(gè)人）thinks it is 7 （好主意）. Drivers dont like it, and some shop owners(店主)dont, 8 (也). And most people live too far from the city to travel by bike. Still, something has been done about it. On Saturdays and Sundays, the largest open park in New York is 9 （關(guān)閉）to cars, and the roads may be used by bikes only, but the group 10 （仍然）says this is not enough and goes on fighting to get bike roads.1. hundreds of 2. every day 3. less 4. For several years 5. must 6.everyone 7. a good idea 8. either 9. closed 10. still 10 Try This Experiment YourselfIt seems to be strange that there is a blind spot in the eye. Here is an 1 （有趣的）experiment that can make something disappear（消失）when one eye is 2 （掙開）. Make a card about the size of a postcard and write two English 3 (字母)“L” and “R” on it. “L” is 4 （在左邊）and “R” on the right. 5 （首先）, hold the card about 80 cm away and you can see 6 （兩者） the letters. Then close your right eye and 7 （看）the letter “R” only with your left eye. And now, as you move the card slowly towards you, youll find the letter “L” disappearing. But if you move the card 8 （近一些）to your face, the letter will be seen again. Now do the same experiment with your left eye closed, youll find the letter “R” disappearing.Why do the letters disappear? It is because there is a blind spot 9 (在眼里). When the image(影像)of the letter 10 （落）on the blind spot, it wont be seen. Thats why one of the letters disappears.1. interesting 2. open 3. letters 4.on the left 5. First 6. both 7. look at 8. nearer 9. in the eye 10. falls 11It is summer vacation and schools are closed. During the summer some children stay 1 （在家）, watch TV, and play with friends. Some take part in a sports program, and some go to a camp.A camp is a summer vacation place for children. Campers take part in sports activities like swimming and 2 （劃船）. They also take part in other activities like playing games and painting pictures. 3 （在晚上） they sit around a campfire, cook hot dogs, sing songs or tell stories. Some camps combine special programs with the usual camp activities. There are camps to teach tennis, football, or other sports. There are also camps to teach science or music.Now there are 4 (甚至) computer camps. At a computer camp children learn how to use computers. Computers are very important today, so children must learn 5 （怎樣使用他們）. Many schools have computers for the pupils to use, but 6 （并非所有的學(xué)生）know how to use them. Some schools do not have a program to teach the pupils how to use computers. 7 (因此), computer camps combine computer learning with summer fun. Computer camps usually have three computer classes a day. After a few days of classes, each camper designs a computer program. 8 (有些)campers design programs to help parents at home. Others design programs for pupils 9 (學(xué)校的). Some campers design computer games. The campers must also choose two camp activities a day. They can choose an activity like swimming, boating or painting. 10 （在他們空閑時(shí)間里）, the campers can choose any activity. They usually play games on the computers.1.