新托福口語第四題.ppt

Q4lecture basedoracademicR L S第四題中首先是一篇學(xué)術(shù)類短文 75 100個詞 45秒種讀完 然后聽一個教授就此類話題的講座 大概兩分鐘左右 然后準(zhǔn)備30秒種 responsetimeis60s 一般來說 閱讀文章會講一個或兩個概念或定義 一般比較籠統(tǒng)和抽象 但有時也會給出原因或者例子 在教授的講座中將會通過舉例 包括反例 等方式來使閱讀材料中的內(nèi)容更具體 更詳實 問題一般會是讓你總結(jié)一下教授講座的內(nèi)容 也就是讓你用具體的例子來說明一下文章中的概念 Summary Asummaryisaconcisedescriptionofthemajorpointofsomethingreadorlistenedto Agoodsummaryshouldfocusonthemajorpointsofthesourcematerialandtherefore agoodsummaryshould 1 conveythespeaker soriginalmeaningorintent2 readlikeacoherentandunifiedparagraph Note taking Duringtheprocessofreading weshouldwritedown 1 mainidea主題 title2 Readthroughthewholeparagraph3 在文章的前面兩句話中一般會出現(xiàn)一到兩個conceptordefinition 要記下來 因為在后面的聽力材料中會出現(xiàn)examples4 閱讀材料中出現(xiàn)的reasons或者是options Anidomestication OG217 Tamemammals農(nóng)通NoteasyIndicatorSuitability1 protectiveterritorynonliveclose2 hierarchicalsocialfollowleader 1 examples 標(biāo)志詞 forexample forinstance letmeshowyouanexperimentprocess舉兩個相反的例子做對比 例子不可能全部記下來但只要主謂賓要記下來 或者要把實驗或者進(jìn)程的過程要記下來 2 因果關(guān)系 ETS更傾向于問原因 標(biāo)志詞有thereasonisthat whyis 因果關(guān)系是句子關(guān)系中比較重要得關(guān)系 3 其他的標(biāo)志詞 Thebestthebiggestthemostbuthoweverfurthermore andalsobesidesinadditionThespecialfeatureofisthefunctionofsthisthequalityofsthis Notesforlistening LivetoghinherdsHorsesmovedominantmale domifeyoungsecondfeyongProgramfollowleadOverlapareasfightoffothersame安特勞fightanothermalenosocialhierfollowleader Summary oneexampleOriginaltext Whenaherdmoves thedominantmaleleads withthedominantfemaleandheryoungimmediatelybehindhim Thedominantfemaleandheryoungarefollowedimmediatelybythesecondimportantfemaleandheryoung andsoon Thisiswhydomesticatedhorsescanbeharnessedoneaftertheotherinarow They reprogrammedtofollowtheleadofanotherhorse mysummary Whenhorsesmove theyalwaysfollowaleaderandtheyhaveahierarchicalsocialstructure Template 1 Topic 分成兩部分 1 Thereadingpassagedescribesaconceptoradefinitionof orThereadingpassagementionsthat sth 2 Inthelisteningpassagetheprofessorusestwoexamplestoexplainorrefutethedefinitionorconcept Ortheprofessortalksaboutanexperimentoroneofhisorherexperiences 2 Supportingdetails 1 examples 2 examples或者把實驗或者進(jìn)程或者經(jīng)歷的過程說清楚3 Conclusion可以省掉了 Attention 1 TheratiobetweenReadingmaterialandlisteningmaterial 1 5reading15秒以內(nèi) 10之內(nèi)最佳 2 無論是閱讀還是聽力中的筆記 不一定要全部用在speaking中 尤其是聽力筆記記得比較好的情況下 聽力筆記中很多內(nèi)容都不能用到speaking中 3 要學(xué)會適當(dāng)?shù)陌验喿x材料中的部分重要信息加到聽力這部分中去 Topic7 humangenomeprojectnotes reading genomeprojectidealperfecthumamdiseasemasterraceendimmoralnotwrongthewayperfectwhatultimateX humanity Listening controlgenomegood usebeneelimidiseaseParkinevil mouldwhowhathumannoneconclusivenosciecevaluegove限cloning忌losefund Speakingsample Thereadingmaterialtalksabouthumangenomeprojectandtheidealwastomakeperfecthumanwithoutdiseases Butforsomereason theresearchonhumangeneticswasconsideredimmoralandwasdestroyed Inthelisteningpassage theprofessortalksaboutthegoodandtheevilthehumangenomeprojectcandotohumanbeings Firstofall thebenefitistheresearchcanhelpgetridofmanyhumandiseases However iftheprojectislefttothewronghand itwillaffectwhoandwhathumanbeingswillbe Theprofessoralsotalksaboutthereasonswhynoneofthegeneticsresearchisconclusiveandhasanyscientificvaluebecauseofthegovernmentrestrictionsandthefearoflosingfundbyresearchers 15 Human 85 Sheep Yeah yougottahearthis Scientistshavecreatedtheworld sfirsthuman sheepchimera 客邁拉希臘神話 獅頭 羊身 蛇尾的吐火女怪 喀邁拉 是生物學(xué)上非常常用的一個術(shù)語 也是在生物界非常普遍的自然現(xiàn)象 喀邁拉 一般意譯成 嵌合體 指的是來自不同個體的生物分子 細(xì)胞或組織被結(jié)合在了一起成為一個生物體 whichhasthebodyofasheepandhalf humanorgans Thesheephave15percenthumancellsand85percentanimalcells andtheirevolutionbringstheprospectofanimalorgansbeingtransplantedintohumansonestepcloser 1 Ohnoes It stheriseoftheManimals 2 Everytimeyoukill6 666 ofthesesheepyoukillahuman 3 Itisagovernmentconspiracy theywantanationofsheeple 4 Animalorgansbeingtransplantedintohumansmeansmorepeoplefeelingsheepish Topic8 AnimalRightsGroupnotes readinganimalrightsadvocatesboycottindustriesuseanimal1 farmingindustrymeatmilkeggsvegetarianvegan2 furleatherskin listening animaladvocacygrouppassifreeunharmagainstfoodclothingentertainzoosconfinenaturalbehacircusstresstrainedfurIndusopponent annoyingdangerdarkside firebombprivatehomedamacareggsmailfakeexplospamphlets speakingsample Thereadingmaterialtalksaboutanimalrightsgroupandadvocatesandtheyboycottindustriesthatuseanimal suchasthefarmingandfurindusties Inthelisteningpassage theprofessorgivesabalancedtalkontheactionsoftheseanimaladvocacymembers Theprofessorthinksthatthesemembersarepassionateaboutgivingfreedomtoanimalsandtheyareagainstthepracticeofusinganimalsasfood clothingorinentertainmentindustriesbecausebydoingso thoseanimalswillberestrictedandhavetoundergoalotofpressureofbeingtrained Thetheprofessorswitchessidesandbringsuptheopponents viewonthesegroups Hesaysthattheseadvocacygroupsarecriticizedforbeingannoying Theyhaveresortedtofirebombingandotherbadmeanstogettheirpointacrosstothepublic Listening LastyearPublicschool TAProtestSignpamphletsPublicschooldisruptclassesOfficialhavetoleaveSidewalkagainsuccessfulPublicschoolXsidewalk Summary 1 考過的主要內(nèi)容 a psychology尤其喜歡談小孩子的心理教育會談到reward和punishment b biology botanyandzoologyc economics enterprisema