2017中考英語復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)案語法專項(xiàng)10非謂語動(dòng)詞.doc

十、非謂語動(dòng)詞【考綱分析】1. 中考考綱 : (1) 非謂語動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語、賓補(bǔ)、目的狀語）2. 近5年中考非謂語動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)及分值分布年份題型分值考查內(nèi)容2012年單項(xiàng)選擇1to finish 2013年單項(xiàng)選擇1不定式的否定形式：(try )not to make完形填空短文填空1.5動(dòng)名詞 (enjoy ) eating / having2014年單項(xiàng)選擇1不定式的否定形式：(In order) not to be late完形填空1(for ) disturbing短文填空2015年單項(xiàng)選擇1不定式的否定形式：(advise) not to leave完形填空短文填空2016年單項(xiàng)選擇1不定式：(expect) to win完形填空短文填空【自主學(xué)習(xí)】 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空, 并找出標(biāo)志詞。1. I spent two hours (do) my homework last night.2.Satellites are used for (learn) more about the earth.3.He finishes (wash) at eight oclock every evening.4.Youve worked for 4 hours. Please stop (have) a rest.5.She often makes us (do) a lot of homework after school.6.Mother always tells me (not read) in bed.7.They asked the headmaster (speak) at the meeting.8. (smoke) too much is bad for your health.9. .It took me two hours (finish) my homework last night.10.Thank you for (come) to see me.11.I want (see) a film tonight.12.Did you see her (go)upstairs just now？13.Im thirsty. Id like something (drink).14.Do you know where_ (buy) this kind of sports shoes ?15.The old man found it difficult (fall) asleep.參考答案1.doing2.learning3.washing4.to have 5.do6.not to read7.to speak8.Smoking9.to ing11.to see12.go 13.to drink14.to buy15.to fall 【教師點(diǎn)撥】非謂語動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞的形式，在句中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用。不能作謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。分為動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞三種?？键c(diǎn)1 動(dòng)詞不定式(1) 構(gòu)成： to 動(dòng)詞原形， 否定式：not to 動(dòng)詞原形(2) 用法：常在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、目的狀語和定語等。 作主語 如：To learn English well is very important.= Its very important to learn English well 作表語 如：My dream is to be a reporter. 作賓語 如：I want to be an actor. I find it interesting to play basketball. 作賓補(bǔ) 如：The teacher asked us to finish the homework in time. 作目的狀語 如：He went there to see his uncle. 作定語 如：Would you like something to drink？ (3) ?？荚~組和句型： 后面常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的詞有：would like to do sth (樂意做某事)want to do sth (想要做某事)decide to do sth (決定做某事)plan to do sth (計(jì)劃做某事)begin / start to do sth (開始做某事)Try to do sth (設(shè)法做某事) pretend to do sth(假裝做某事)hope to do sth (希望做某事) agree to do sth (同意做某事)learn to do sth (學(xué)會(huì)做某事) need to do sth (需要做某事)promise to do sth (答應(yīng)做某事) refuse to do sth (拒絕做某事) used to do sth (過去常做某事)Afford to do sth (負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事) 后面常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的詞有：ask sb. to do sth. (叫某人做某事) tell sb. to do sth. (告訴某人做某事)allow sb. to do sth. (允許某人做某事)wish sb to do sth (希望做某事)want sb. to do sth. (想要某人做某事)advise sb to do sth (建議某人做某事)invite sb. to do sth. (邀請(qǐng)某人做某事)expect sb to do sth (期待某人做某事)Encourage sb to do sth (鼓勵(lì)某人做某事)Teach sb to do sth (教某人做某事) It代替動(dòng)詞不定式做形式主語和形式賓語。 （it. to do ）如：Its useful to learn a foreign language. (It代替動(dòng)詞不定式做形式主語) He found it difficult to finish the work by himself. (it代替動(dòng)詞不定式做形式賓語)注意：Its important for us to study English well. 學(xué)好英語對(duì)我們來說是重要的。(用介詞“for”，表示動(dòng)詞不定式與形容詞有主謂關(guān)系)Its clever of him to work out the problem. 他太聰明了，能算出了這道難題。(用介詞“of”，表示of后面的名詞或代詞與形容詞有主謂關(guān)系) 特殊疑問詞(what， when， which， where， who， how) to do (why 除外)如：I dont know when to go / where to go / which to buy.She didnt tell me what to do / how to do it.(4) 幾個(gè)固定不定式的詞組，常放在句首，作獨(dú)立成分。to ones surprise 使某人驚奇的是to begin with 首先to be honest 老實(shí)說 to tell the truth 說實(shí)話考點(diǎn)2 省to 的動(dòng)詞不定式(1) 使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞，帶動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不定式省“to ”, 被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要補(bǔ)“to ”?？季湫秃驮~組：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事see sb. do / doing sth 看見某人/做了/ 正在做某事let/have sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事watch sb do / doing sth 觀看某人做了/ 正在做某事have sb. do sth. 請(qǐng)某人做某事find sb do / doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做了/ 正在做某事had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事Hear sb do / doing sth. 聽見某人做了/ 正在做某事prefer to do rather than do sth. 寧愿做而不愿would rather do sth. than do sth. 寧愿做而不愿Why dont you do ?=Why not do sth.？ 為什么不做？Would / could you please (not) do sth.？ 請(qǐng)你(不)好嗎？【課堂檢測(cè)】() 1. What happens when you hear a strange noise at night .or find a big spider in the corner of your bedroom ? It often makes us _. A. jumpB. to jump C. jumping D. jumped() 2. My parents didnt allow me _ to the party. A. go B .to go C. goes D. went() 3. Does Mary only have an apple for breakfast? Yes. She eats like a bird _. A. to wake up B. to be strong C. to lose weight D. to fall asleep() 4. .Its rather hot in the room. Youd better the windows or the door. A. close B. not to close C. dont close D. not close() 5. Paul made a nice cage the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep考點(diǎn)3 動(dòng)名詞 （動(dòng)詞ing形式）(1) 結(jié)構(gòu)： doing(2) 用法： 常在句中作主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、伴隨狀語和定語 作主語 如：Doing sports is good for our health. 作賓語 如：I have finished reading the book. 作賓補(bǔ) 如：I found him playing basketball on the playground just now.后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語的詞有：hear/find/see/watch/notice sb doing sth 聽見/發(fā)現(xiàn)/看見/觀看/注意到某人正在做某事 作伴隨狀語 如：The little boy sat under the tree alone， reading a story book. 作定語 如：My father is watching TV in the living room. 作表語 如：My hobby is playing football.(3) ?？荚~組和句型：enjoy / like doing sth (喜歡做某事)feel like doing sth (想要做某事)keep doing sth (保持做某事) hate doing sth (討厭做某事) mind doing sth (介意做某事) spend time doing sth (花時(shí)間做某事) finish doing sth (完成做某事)practise doing sth (練習(xí)做某事)consider doing sth (考慮做某事)cant help doing sth (禁不住做某事)be busy doing sth (忙于做某事) be worth doing sth (值得做某事)have fun doing sth (玩得開心)have problems/trouble doing sth (做某事有困難)注意：所有的介詞(in， at， for， of， from， up， about， to)后 doing，下列幾個(gè)詞組的“to”為介詞 be/get used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事 prefer doing to doing 寧愿做而不愿look forward to doing 盼望著做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某事make a contribution to doing 為做貢獻(xiàn) help oneself to sth. 請(qǐng)自便 考點(diǎn)4：非謂語動(dòng)詞易混詞組辨析stop to do sth 停下來做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事remember to do sth 記得將做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做了某事forget to do sth. 忘記將做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做了某事go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做同一件事 go on to do sth. 接著做另一件事have sb. do sth. 請(qǐng)人做某事 have sth. done 請(qǐng)人做某事【課堂檢測(cè)】（ ）1. So far the exchange program has brought many foreigners to China _Chinese.A. study B. to study C. studying D. Studied（ ）2. We stopped _, but there was not any sound. A. to listen B. listens C. listen D. listening（ ）3. I will try my best to stop my son from _ the same mistake. A. make B. made C. makes D. making( ) 4. Seeing their teacher into the classroom， they stopped at once. A. walk； telling B. entering； to speak C. enter； to tell D. walking； talking() 5. Would you like camping with me？ Id like to. But Im busy my homework. A. to go； to do B. to go； doing C. going； to do D. going； doing 【中考回放】（ ）1. Live or not, a famous American actor, was always expecting _an Oscar and finally he made it. (2016廣東省卷)A. to win B. will win C. not to win D. not winning（ ）2. We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. (2015廣東省卷) A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave （ ）3. In order for the meeting， my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. (2014廣東省卷)A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late（ ）4. I didnt hear you come in just now.Thats good. We tried any noise， for youre sleeping.(2013廣東省卷)A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making（ ）5. It took me two weeksreading the novels written by Guo Jingming.(2012廣東省卷)A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing【真題演練】( )1. What does the sign mean?It tells us _in public. (2016咸寧)A. didnt smoke B. dont smoke C. not to smoke D. not smoke( )2 . What a wonderful match it is! So it is. Its worth _. （2016銅仁） A. reading B. watching C. seeing D. looking( )3. The boss asked Tim to go and out if there was anyone else absent. （2016河南） A. find B. finding C. to find D. found( )4. Though she often makes her little brother _ , she was made _ by himthis morning. （2016龍東） A. cry ; to cry B. to cry ; cry C. cry ; cry D. to cry ; crying( )5. We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them awayfrom danger. （2016龍東）A. not leave B. not leave C. not leaving D. not to leave( )6. I often hear the little girl _ the piano in the next room. （2016龍東） A. practicing playing B. practice to play C. practice playing D. to practice playing( )7. Mount Xiaolei is not far away from here, but it will still take us a few hours _ there by bike. （2016黃石） A. getting B. to getC. gotD. get( )8. When you are tired, _ in the countryside is a wonderful experience. (2016孝感)A. relaxing B. relaxed C. relaxD. relaxes( )9. I think you should stop _ him in English. I see. He cant understand English at all. Let me try in French. (2016咸寧) A. talking to B. to talk to C. talk to D. to talking to( )10. I bought a big box _ books for kids in poor areas. （2016長(zhǎng)春） A. collects B. to collect C. collectD. collected( )11. The show was so funny that it made everyone _ again and again（2016濟(jì)寧）A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh ( )12. How kind you are! You always do what you can _ others. (2016綿陽) A. help B. helping C. helpsD. to help( )13. Have you read the book Jane Eyre?Yes. Its a famous book and I decide it again . (2016南京)A. readingB. to readC. to be readD. read( )14. We have worked so long. Shall we stop _ a rest? *X(2016青島) A. haveB. to havingC. havingD. to have( )15. I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera. (2016天津)A. tookB. takes C. to takeD. taking( )16. I hope everyone can care about _ the environment and stop _ things. (2016西寧)A. protecting; wasting B. protecting; to waste C. protect; wasting D. protect; to waste( )17. I cant tell you what she saidIve promised _ it a secret（2016上海） Akeep Bto keep Ckeeping Dkept( )18. Our teacher often advises us the habit of making notes while reading . (2016蘇州)A. to develop B. develop C. to developing D. developing（ ）19. The traffic signs warn people after drinking. (2015青島)A. to drive B. not to drive C. driving D. dont drive（ ）20. His uncle would rather _ the old bike than _a new one. (2015煙臺(tái))A. repair, to buy B. to repair, buy C. repair, buy D. to repair, to buy（ ）21. When you leave , please turn off the lights energy.來源:Zxxk. (2015泰安)A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved（ ）22. Can you hear someone in the classroom? It is Mary. A. sing B. sings C. singing D. sang （ ）23. Whats this? (2015沈陽)Oh, my God! Its a gift for James. I forgot _ it this afternoonA. to post B. posting C. post D. posted（ ）24. Th