英語六級翻譯集錦及考試策略.doc

六級翻譯集錦及考試策略 (1006) 82._(他們的獨生兒子從未想過) to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties.83.Before you take any action, please remember to _ (權(quán)衡你的決定會產(chǎn)生的后果).84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances _ (他會違背還錢的承諾).85. Most educators advise that kids _ (不要沉溺于電腦游戲).86. Business major as he is, he has _ (從未考慮過從事推銷員工作).(0912 )82. How long does a jacket like this last me? (這要看你多長時間穿一次).83. The theory he advanced has proved (對許多傳統(tǒng)概念的一種挑戰(zhàn)).84. The manager (本可以親自參加會議), but he was called away for some urgent business abroad.85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a (均衡的飲食對健康是必不可少的).86. Much (我感到遺憾), I was unable to finish the work on time.(09/06)82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk _ (說服他不買車).83. _ (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in todays competitive society.84. When confronted with the evidence, _ (他不得不坦白自己的罪行).85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think _ (一定有人在說他們壞話).86. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds _ (很難抵制冰淇淋的誘惑).(08/12)82. He designed the first suspension bridge, which_(把美觀與功能完美地結(jié)合起來)。83 It was very dark, but Mary seemed to _ (本能地知道該走哪條路) 84. I dont think it advisable that parents_ (剝奪孩子們的自由) to spend their spare time as they wish.85. Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and_（與不那么活躍的人相比死亡率要低）。86. Your resume should attract a would-be bosss attention by demonstrating_（為什么你是某個特定職位的最佳人選）。(08/06)82. We can say a lot of things about those who have spent their whole lives on poems (畢生致力于詩歌的人): they are passionate, impulsive, and unique.83. Mary couldnt have received my letter, or she should have replied to me last week (否則她上周就該回信了).84. Nancy is supposed to have finished her chemistry experiments (做完化學(xué)實驗) at least two weeks ago.85. Never once has the old couple quarreled with each other (老兩口互相爭吵) since they were married 40 years ago.86. The prosperity of a nation is largely dependent upon (一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于) the quality of education of its people(07/12)82. But for mobile phones, _(我們的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便).83. In handling an embarrassing situation_(沒有什么比幽默感更有幫助的了).84. The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, _(但他拒絕進一步解釋這樣做的原因).85. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _(而動物的行為主要依靠本能).86. The witness was told that under no circumstances _(他都不應(yīng)該對法庭說謊).(07/06)82. The auto manufacturers found themselves _ (正在同外國公司競爭市場的份額).83. Only in the small town _ (他才感到安全和放松).84. It is absolutely unfair that these children _ (被剝奪了受教育的權(quán)利).85. Our years of hard work are all in vain, _ (更別提我們花費的大量金錢了).86. The problems of blacks and women _ (最近幾十年受到公眾相當大的關(guān)注).參考答案 部分答案自己找（ 先自己做一遍，認真思考，舉一反三）（09/12）82. It depends on how often you wear it 83. to be a challenge to many traditional concepts 84. could have attended the meeting in person (by himself) 85. balanced diet is essential to health 86. regretful did I feel（09/06）82. over him not to buy a car83. Keeping sense of humor is contributive to84. he had no choice but to confess his guilt85. some one must are speaking ill of them86.it difficult to resist the temptation of ice cream（08/12）82 which combined beauty and function perfectly83 know which way to take by instinct.84 deprive their children of freedom 85 a lower death rate compared with those who dont86 why you are the best candidate for a certain position（08/06）82. We can say a lot of things about those who are devoted to poems in their whole lives (畢生致力于詩歌的人): they are passionate, impulsive and unique.83. Mary couldnt have received my letter, or she should have made a reply last week. (否則她上周就該回信了).84. Nancy is supposed to have finished her chemistry experiment(做完化學(xué)實驗) at least two weeks ago.85. Never once has the old couple quarreled with each other (老兩口相互爭吵)since they were married 40 years ago.86. The prosperity of a nation depends largely on (一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于) the quality of education.（07/12）82 our communication would not have been so rapid and convenient83 nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor84 but (he) refused to make further explanation( for doing so)/ to further explain why85 while animal behavior depends mainly upon (on) their instinct(s)86 should he lie to the court（07/06）82. competing with foreign firms for market share83. does he feel secure and relaxed84. are deprived of the rights to receive education85. not to mention / let alone the large amount of money we have spent86. have gained / caused considerable public concern in recent decades1、概述教育部最新六級考試大綱（1999年）對翻譯的要求是：能借助詞典將難度略低于課文的英語短文譯成漢語，理解正確，譯文達意，譯速為每小時300英語單詞。能借助詞典將內(nèi)容熟悉的漢語文字材料譯成英語，譯文達意，無重大語言錯誤，譯速為每小時250漢字。“英譯漢”是從1996年1月起在大學(xué)英語四、六級考試中準備采用的新題型之一，至今只在四級考試中出現(xiàn)過?！坝⒆g漢”考題安排在閱讀理解部分之后，每次考試共5題，分別從閱讀理解部分的4篇文章中選擇一至兩個句子組成一題，每題約20-30個單詞?？荚嚂r間為15分鐘?？荚嚂r考生可參閱閱讀理解部分的有關(guān)文章，以便了解上下文。“英譯漢”的評分標準是每題兩分，共10分。要求譯文全句結(jié)構(gòu)正確、自然、通順、流暢且符合漢語表達習(xí)慣得0.5分，其它1.5分基本分布于句、段的三處難點與要求，每處0.5分，例如詞組、被動語態(tài)、特殊句型、從句的翻譯等。一個句子是否能夠正確翻譯，取決于對這個句中的一些關(guān)鍵詞、詞組、句型以及語法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確理解與自然表達。2、如何進行準備首先要弄清六級翻譯考試大綱的內(nèi)容，評分標準；分析標題，從而找出原則及規(guī)律。同時了解一下自己在翻譯方面的問題：是詞匯量小，語法結(jié)構(gòu)知識掌握不牢靠，還是漢語功能太差，總之只有找出問題的癥結(jié)才能做到有針對性地彌補、不足、提高翻譯水平。學(xué)習(xí)翻譯方面的基本常識。如：“英譯漢”的基本標準可歸于忠實和通順兩個方面，即忠實于原作的內(nèi)容及風(fēng)格；譯文必須通順易懂，符合漢語表達習(xí)慣。翻譯有直譯和意譯之分，直譯要求譯文與原文在詞語、語法結(jié)構(gòu)及表達方式上保持一致，而意譯則要求擺脫原文形式的束縛而傳達原文的內(nèi)容。但實際翻譯中，沒有絕對的直譯和絕對的意譯。相反，直譯基礎(chǔ)上的意譯更接近原文而又符合漢語習(xí)慣。掌握英漢兩種語言在句法結(jié)構(gòu)及表達方式上的不同，利于迅速提高翻譯水平。如：英語多后置定語，而漢語多前置定語；英語狀語語序為方式狀語+地點狀語+時間狀語，而漢語則是時間狀語+地點狀語+方式狀語；英語多長句、松散句（句子中心在句首），而漢語多短句、圓周句（句子中心在句末）；英語多非人稱名詞作主語，而漢語多以人稱代詞作主語；英語多被動結(jié)構(gòu)，漢語多主動結(jié)構(gòu)；英語多倒裝句，而漢語多正常語序句；英語中用于修飾名詞的幾個形容詞常由主觀性形容詞到客觀性形容詞的順序排列，而漢語卻相反，離名詞最近的常是主觀性最強的形容詞，最遠的是客觀性最強的形容詞。熟悉“英譯漢”時常用的翻譯技巧，便于提高翻譯的速度和準確度。詞匯方面的翻譯技巧有：正確選擇詞義，增加原文中無其形而有其義的詞匯，如量詞、助詞、概括詞、時態(tài)詞、語態(tài)詞及其它解釋性文字；省略詞匯，如先行詞、系動詞、代詞、連詞、冠詞及名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等；轉(zhuǎn)換詞類：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換往往體現(xiàn)在派生詞、介詞及副詞身上；正反互譯：根據(jù)漢語習(xí)慣調(diào)整句意的不同表達方式：正話反說，反話正說等。語句方面的翻譯技巧有：順譯法：按原文詞序、結(jié)構(gòu)順序來譯；逆譯法：打亂原文詞句順序來譯；合譯法：把原文中兩個簡單句合譯為一句或一個句子成分；分譯法：把原文長句化為漢語的幾個短句。翻譯雖有技巧可言，但實踐練習(xí)卻更為關(guān)鍵。課下一定要試著動筆翻譯，不要以為看懂了就行，有時一旦落在紙上，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤百出。所以在做翻譯練習(xí)時，不妨先自己先翻譯一下，然后與正確答