譯林版 必修二 Unit 1 Tales of the unexpectedGrammar 課件 （31張PPT）.ppt

grammarandusage 1 lijiseniorhighyanlili revision translatethefollowingsentences 1 美國警方現(xiàn)已加緊對一名15歲男孩的搜索 2 自從上周五晚我就沒有看到賈斯丁 3 peoplehaveshowngreatinterestinhisdisappearanceduetoreportsofalienvisits 4 peoplehavereportedseeingawildcreatureinthehimalayascalledyeti peopleinamericahavesteppeduptheirsearchforafifteen year oldboy ihavenotseenjustinsincelastfridaynight presentperfecttense findoutsomesentenceswhichareinthepresentperfecttenseinthepassage mrzhanghasjustboughtanewcar buthehashadtoublewithmotorists whenhereturnshomeatnighthealwaysfindthatsomeonehasparkedacaroutsidehisgate becauseofthis hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncarintothisgarageevenonce hehastowalkhomeafterheparkshiscar what sthematter haveyouboughtacar yes but mrzhanghasputupa noparking signoutsidehisgate butithasnotanyeffect hasjustbought hashad hasparked hasnotbeen haveyoubought hasputup theformofpresentperfecttensetheactivevoice summary theaffirmativeform 肯定形式 thenegativeform 否定形式 theinterrogativeform 疑問形式 s havenot hasnot done have has s done s have has done we alreadyopen thewindow 過去的動作 weopenedthewindow 對現(xiàn)在的影響 thewindowisopen havealreadyopened howtousepresentperfecttense situation1 theboysaretired they justplay aballgame 過去的動作 theboysplayedaballgame 對現(xiàn)在的影響 theboysaretired havejustplayed 現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作開始于過去 結(jié)束于過去 擔(dān)對現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成結(jié)果 通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間副詞just already before yet never ever lately recently等狀語連用 summary 現(xiàn)在完成時用法1 已完成 影響性用法 already 用于肯定句 yet 用于否定句和疑問句 drill1 1 i have lunchalready 2 hasthetrain arrive yet 3 tom never beto china 4 thetwin just see myfather 5 thetwins see myfatherjustnow havehad arrived has beento has seen saw simplepasttense 我的車已經(jīng)修好了 下周我們可以開車去上海 mycarhasbeenrepaired wecandrivetoshanghainextweek have has been done theformofpassivevoice daniel live inbeijingsincehecametochina haslived came situation2 summary2 強調(diào)動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生于過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 且有可能繼續(xù)下去 適用于延續(xù)動詞 1 迄今為止 sofar uptillnow uptonow untilnow 2 最近的過去 in duringthelast pastyears3 最近 recently lately thesefewdays 4 到這個時候 bythistime5 從 以來 eversince timefriends 現(xiàn)在完成時用法2 未完成 延續(xù)性 1 we study englishforaboutfouryears 2 we live inlijimiddleschoolsince2007 3 i notsee marysofar 4 i hear nothingfromhimuptonow 5 he nottalk withmeinthepastfewdays havestudied havelived for后接的是時間段since后接 過去的 時間點 haven tseen haveheard hasn ttalked drill2 1 theprice recently butidoubtwhetheritwillremainso aincreased bwillincreasechasincreaseddwasgoingtoincrease2 inthepastfewyearsthere greatchangesinourtown aisbwerechavebeendwillbe 瞬間性動詞如arrive join die get come buy sell leave borrow marry等 以及終止性動詞如start begin finish等 在現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定形式中不能與 for 一段時間 的時間狀語連用 但可以用在否定句或這些動詞對應(yīng)的狀態(tài)動詞中 為了表述這種意思 我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞have keep be等來代替非延續(xù)性動詞 tips choosetherightanswers 1 ihavejoined beeninthearmyfortenyear 2 hehasbeento gonetodalianmanytimes 3 shehasgotmarried beenmarriedtorobertsforayear 4 hehasgone beenawayfortwodays 5 hehashad hasboughtthisbookforayear 1 hehascomehere 2 hehascomeherefor3days 3 hehasn tcomeherefor3days 4 hehasstayedherefor3days 5 hehasbeenawayfor3days rightorwrong why correctthemistakes hisfatherhasdied for2years thefootballmatchhasbegun since9 00a m hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9 00a m thepolicehavejustfinishedsearchingthearea situation3 presentperfecttensetotalkaboutactionsthatwerecompletedonlyashorttimeago 高考鏈接 billy thesportsmeetingmightbeputoff paul yes italldependsontheweather a i vebeentoldb i vetoldc i mtoldd itold a iwenttoegyptin1986 iwenttoegyptin2004 i be toegypttwice havebeen 現(xiàn)在完成時用法4 經(jīng)歷用法 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去某一時間到現(xiàn)在這段期間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作 summary howmanytimeshaveyoubeentoegypt sentencepatterns 1 this that it isthefirst second time that clausethisisthefirsttimethati see pandas2 this that it istheonly lasttime that clauseitistheonlytimethati travel abroad 3 this that it isthebest finest mostinteresting that clause itisthemostdeliciousfoodthati taste haveseen havetraveled havetasted extension since的補充用法a 主句 since 從句greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft b itis 時間段 since 從句itis hasbeentwoyearssinceileftmyhometown b itwas hadbeentwoyearssinceihadleftmyhometown 在時間或條件狀語從句中 現(xiàn)在完成時可以代替將來完成時 表示將來某個時刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動作 ishallposttheletterassoonasihavefinishedit 我一寫完這封信就寄出去 don tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped 直到車停穩(wěn)后才能下車 ifyouhavedonetheexperiment youwillrealizethetheory 如果你做完這個實驗 你對這個理論認識得會更深刻 高考鏈接 uptonow theprogram thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied 10山東 a wouldsaveb savesc hadsavedd hassaved 高考鏈接1 i llreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasi it a willfinishb amgoingtofinishc finishedd havefinished2 i inlondonformanyyears buti veneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktochina a livedbwaslivingc havelivedd hadlived3 thisisthesecondtimethatyou latethisweek a hadarrivedb arrivedc havearrivedd arrive c d c makesomesentencesusingthepresentperfecttenseandsimplepasttense competition putthefollowingsentencesintoenglish a 火車已經(jīng)開走了 b 什么時候開走的 a 半個小時之前開走的 a 這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了 b 你在哪兒買的 a 在我老家買的 a 你看過這部電影嗎 b 看過 a 什么時候看的 b 上周星期天看的 a thetrainhasleft b whendiditleave a itlefthalfanhourago a haveyouseenthefilm b yes ihave a whendidyouseeit b isawitlastsunday a i vehadthebookfor2years b wheredidyoubuyit a iboughtitinmyhometown 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較theplanehasarrived theplanearrivedaquarterago 時間上有差異 凡有具體的過去時間 均用過時態(tài) 如 ago lastyear justnow theotherday等 結(jié)果上有差異 現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)的